Lower Quarter 2 Flashcards
What are the anatomic osseous structures of the foot and ankle?
Talus calcaneus (sustenaculum tali) navicular (tuberosity) cuboid cuniforms (medial, intermediate, lateral) metatarsals (base of fifth) phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)
What are included in the lateral collateral ligament of the foot?
anterior talofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
What is included in the medial collateral ligament of the foot?
Deltoid ligament
What makes up the deltoid ligament of the foot?
tibionavicular fibers
tibiocalcaneal fibers
tibitalar fibers
What is considered the spring ligament?
plantar clacaneonavicular
What is considered the short plantar ligament?
plantar calcaneocuboid
Where does the long plantar ligament attach to?
calcaneous to cuneiforms/cuboid
Where does the plantar fascia attach to?
calcaneous to proximal phalanges
What are the functional segments of the foot?
rearfoot
midfoot
forefoot
What are the functional joints of the foot?
talocrural
subtalar
transverse tarsal
What motions are triplanar motions?
pronation (abduction, eversion, dorsiflexion)
supination (adduction, inversion, plantarflexion)
What is the classification of the talocrural joint?
Hinge joint
What are the motions and degrees of freedom of the talocrural joint?
plantarflexion
dorsiflexion
1 degree of freedom
What plane and axis does the talacrural joint move in?
sagittal plane
coronal axis
What is the closed-pack position of the talocrural joint?
Full dorsiflexion
What is the classification of the subtalar joint?
composite (uniaxial joint allowing triplanar motion)
What are the motions and degrees of freedom of the subtalar joint?
supination
pronation
3 degrees of freedom
what is the axis of the subtalar joint?
oblique axis
What is the closed packed position of the subtalar joint?
Supination
What is the classification of the transverse tarsal joint?
compound joint (talonavicular, calcaneocuboid)
What are the motions and degrees of freedom of the transverse tarsal joint?
supination (talonavicular-inversion, calcaneocuboid-adduction, plantarflexion)
pronation(TN-eversion, CC-abduction, dorsiflexion)
three degrees of freedom
What is the axis of the transverse tarsal joint?
longitudinal (TN)
Oblique (CC)
What is the close-packed position of the transverse tarsal joint?
supination
What is the classification of the tarsometatarsal joint?
plane joints
What are the motions of the tarsometatarsal joint?
dorsiflexion (with slight inversion)
plantarflexion (with slight eversion)
What is the plane and axis of the tarsometatarsal joint?
oblique plane
oblique axis
What is the closed packed position of the tarsometatarsal joint?
none identified
What are the rays of the foot?
A functional unit formed by a metatarsal and its associated cuneiforms.
Where do the rays articulate?
Rays 1-3 are associated with the cuneiforms as they articulate on the navicular
rays 4-5 only articulate with the cuboid
what is the classification of the metatarsophalangeal joint?
condyloid joint
What are the motions and degrees of freedom of the metatarsophalangeal joint?
flexion extension abduction adduction 2 degrees of freedom
What plane and axis does the metatarsophalangeal joint move?
sagittal plane (flexion/extension) frontal plane (abduction/adduction) coronal axis (flexion/extension) A-P axis (abduction/adduction)
What is the closed-pack position of the metatarsophalangeal joint?
full extension
What is the classification of the interphalangeal joint?
hinge joint
what are the motions and degrees of freedom of the interphalangeal joint?
flexion
extension
1 degree of freedom
What plane and axis for the interphalangeal joint?
sagittal plane
coronal axis
what is the closed-packed position of the interphalangeal joint?
Full extension
What are the plantarflexors of the foot?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
What are the dorsiflexors of the foot?
Anterior Tibialis
extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallucis Longus
What are the inverters of the foot?
Posterior Tibialis
Anterior Tibialis
What are the Evertors of the foot?
Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis
Extensor Digitorum Longus
What are the great toe Flexors?
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
What are the toe extensors of the foot?
Extensor hallucis Longus
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
What are the flexors of toes 2-5?
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
What are the extensors of toes 2-5?
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
What are the toe abductors?
Abductor Hallucis-1st toe
Abductor digiti Minimi-5th toe
Dorsal Interossei-abducts 2nd-4th toes
What are the toe adductors?
adductor Hallucis-1st
plantar interosseus
