Upper Limb - Shoulder

Question 1

What are the 5 parts of the upper limb?

Answer 1

shoulder girdle 
arm 
forarm 
wrist 
hand

Question 2

What is the main function of the upper limb?

Answer 2

position the hand in space

Question 3

What are the 4 articulations of the shoulder joint?

Answer 3

glenohumeral
acromiolavicular
sternoclavicular
scapulothoracic

Question 4

What kind of articulation is the scapulothoracic articulation?

Answer 4

bone-on-muscle-on-bone

Question 5

How is the glenoid fossa designed to achieve a wide range of movement?

Answer 5

shallow to allow wide ROM

Question 6

what is the purpose of the glenoid labrum?

what is it made of?

Answer 6

to assist in stability

thick cartilaginous rim

Question 7

What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 7

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 8

What is the AC joint?

Answer 8

a small synovial joint formed by the proximal acromion of the scapula and the distal clavicle

Question 9

What ligaments provide stability to the AC joint?

Answer 9

superior AC ligament
inferior AC ligament
2 parts of the coracoclavicular ligament

Question 10

What does the coracoclavicular ligament prevent the AC joint from doing?

Answer 10

limit upward moment of the clavicle

Question 11

What is the SC joint?

Answer 11

a small synovial joint between the manubrium of the sternum and the proximal clavicle

Question 12

For ever 10 degrees of arm abduction, how much elevation is there at the SC joint up till 90degrees?

Answer 12

4 degrees per 10 degrees

Question 13

What is the costoclavicular ligament?

Answer 13

a ligament connecting the first rib to the clavicle

Question 14

what is the interclavicular ligament?

Answer 14

a ligament joining the 2 clavicles together across the sternum

Question 15

Why is the scapulothoracic articulation not a joint in its truest sense?

Answer 15

it has no direct bony or ligamentous connections between the scapula and the thorax

Question 16

What muscles form the scapulothoracic articulation?

Answer 16

serratus anterior

subscapularis

Question 17

What is the origin and insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 17

upper 8/9 ribs and inserts on the anterior surface of the scapula along its vertebral border

Question 18

What is the origin and insertion of subscapularis?

Answer 18

originates in the subscapular fossa and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 19

Which ligaments attachment does the clavicle rotate around during elevation and depression?

Answer 19

The ligament about whose attachment the clavicle rotates during elevation and depression is the costoclavicular.

Question 20

What does shoulder elevation and depression describe?

Answer 20

movement of the shoulder away from and towards the trunk

Question 21

What is forward flexion?

Answer 21

shoulder elevation in the sagittal plane

Question 22

What is the normal range of forward flexion and abduction?

Answer 22

180 degrees

Question 23

What is the normal range of backward extension?

Answer 23

60 degrees

Question 24

What is the normal range of shoulder adduction?

Answer 24

75 degrees

Question 25

What is the normal ranges of internal and external rotation of the shoulder?

Answer 25

90 degrees each - total 180 degrees

Question 26

What is horizontal flexion/extension?

Answer 26

the forward or backward motion of the arm starting in 90 degrees abduction