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Orthotic and Prosthetic Board Prep > Upper Limb Px > Flashcards

Upper Limb Px Flashcards

1
Q

To determine the control system efficiency of an UP Px…

A

Divide the force measured at the TD by the force at the hanger

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2
Q

An axial pull test on an upper extremity Px should be

A

A force of 50 lbs and should not displace the socket more than 1”

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3
Q

BE amputee should retain at least ____ of the pronation and supination available

A

50%

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4
Q

Maximum pinch force of the two load hook is

A

7lbs

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5
Q

When the arm is over head, the trapezius muscle

A

Positions the glenoid cavity upward

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6
Q

The action of the deltoid muscle

A

Flex the gleno-humeral joint

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7
Q

Glenohumeral horizontal flexion is obtained from action of the

A

Deltoid and Pectoralis Major

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8
Q

Prime muscle for elbow flexion

A

Brachialis

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9
Q

BE arm is generally suspended by

A

An inverted Y strap

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10
Q

Rhomboids originate on

A

Thoracic vertebrae and insert along the scapula from the root of the spine to the inferior angle

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11
Q

Deltoid provides

A

Humeral abduction, flexion, and extension

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12
Q

External rotation of the humerus is accomplished with the

A

Infraspinatus and Teres Minor

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13
Q

Internal rotation of the humerus is produced by contraction of the

A

Subscapularis
Teres major
Pectoralis major

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14
Q

Greatest disadvantage to the amputee is using any step-up hinge is

A

Loss of flexion power in forearm

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15
Q

Triceps action

A

Extends the elbow joint and glenohumeral joint

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16
Q

Reasonable ranges of glenohumeral motion in the average human

A

Flexion 180 deg
Extension 60 deg
Abduction 180 deg
Adduction 20 deg

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17
Q

Anterior support strap in the AE should

A

Pass over the delto-pectoral groove

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18
Q

Medium length BE, there can be some residual pronation because

A

Pronator teres is still largely intact

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19
Q

The cross point of the figure of 8 harness on the AE should be slightly to the sound side because

A

It will allow the TD control cable to locate low across the scapula

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20
Q

Northrop-Sierra two load characteristics

A

Voluntary opening, 2 prehension forces

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21
Q

In the APRL, using the TD, the amputee exerts force to

A

Unlock it, then relaxes to open it

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22
Q

In order to flex the elbow, the AE amputee with a figure of 8 harness

A

Unlocks the elbow and flexes the gleno-humeral joint

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23
Q

Amount of humeral flexion required to fully flex the elbow of an AE Px should not exceed

A

45 deg

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24
Q

If the prehension force of the TD is less than the force required to flex the elbow, the AE amputee, harnessed for dual control with a Dorrance hook, will find what happens when he attempts to flex the elbow

A

TD will open

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25
Q

Shoulder disarticulation Px is operated primarily by what control motion

A

Scapula abduction

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26
Q

AE amputee having difficulty in flexing the elbow of the Px, how to aid this

A

Increase the prehension force of the TD

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27
Q

The lever type excursion amplifier provides increased excursion at the expense of

A

Force

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28
Q

Which normal function can be mechanically reproduced in a Px arm

A

Joint stabilization

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29
Q

Initial socket brim for a short AE amputation would be trimmed on a line

A

1-2” above the acormion

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30
Q

Basic harness for a shoulder amputation Px is

A

Chest strap

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31
Q

If the application of cable and housing were made on the AE Px as it is on the BE, the amputee would loose

A

Elbow flexion

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32
Q

If the distance between the acromion and the lateral epicondyle is 14” and the length of the stump is 12” from the acromion to the end of the stump, the amputee would be classified as a

A

Standard AE

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33
Q

A non-prehensile activity may be illustrated by holding a

A

Suitcase

34
Q

When fitting a socket for a VSBE, the mechanical elbow should flex to

A

135 deg

35
Q

External movable sheave type excursion amplifier is used with what type of Px

A

SD (Shoulder Disarticulation)

36
Q

When the control cable breaks, the unilateral amputee is instructed to manually open his TD and allow it to close over an object to be grasped. This instruction are for an amputee wearing a

A

Voluntary opening hook

37
Q

What does the nudge control enable the amputee to do

A

Lock and unlock the elbow by pressing lever with the chin

38
Q

When making a plaster wrap for a VSBE split socket or m=Muenster, the elbow is flexed

A

90 deg

39
Q

Chief advantage of using the housing cross bar assembly

A

Reduces control cable bending, increasing cable life

40
Q

Major limitation that is incurred by the SD amputee

A

Excursion to operate a Px

41
Q

WE-500 and WA-600 are what type of units

A

Friction wrist units

42
Q

Brachioradialis assists in _____ of the elbow

A

Flexion

43
Q

In the forearm, the _____ remains stationary, while the ______ rotates around it

A

Ulna, radius

44
Q

Gleno-humeral abduction is performed primarily by the ______ muscle

A

Deltoid

45
Q

In the anatomical position, the _____ _____ is nearer the midline of the body than is the thumb

A

Ulnar styloid

46
Q

Tripler control simply means there is one cable for elbow _____, one cable for TD ______, and a third for elbow ______

A

Flexion, Operation, Locking

47
Q

The E-400 elbow is set in ______ degrees of initial elbow ______

A

5-10 deg, flexion

48
Q

When harnessing bilateral amputees, the harness cross point should be

A

Centered over the vertebral column

49
Q

The FM wrist disconnect is not recommended for use on

A

Shoulder disarticulation amputees

50
Q

Triceps pad is often used for

A

Long BE and WD

51
Q

Polycentric hinge is used on which types of amputees

A

Short BE

52
Q

Acromion is part of the

A

Scapula

53
Q

The basic BE control motion is gleno-humeral

A

Flexion

54
Q

The acceptable range of gleno-humeral flexion for AE Px application is

A

135 deg

55
Q

In what position should the muscle tunnel be when assembling the control system of the biceps cineplasty

A

At maximum shortening

56
Q

When the elbow is flexed to 90 deg, the forearm can be rotated through an arc by humeral rotation. The size of this arc is

A

110 deg

57
Q

Description of which level of UE amputation: “Wrist loss, forearm rotation absent, good humeral rotation, good shoulder motion”

A

VSBE

58
Q

The proximal-posterior border of the VSBE shocket is shaped to contain the olecranon process, as a result…

A

The elbow cannot fully extend

59
Q

Which wrist unit is of least value to the bilateral amputee:
Model B flexion, Oval wrist, Manual friction, or Quick change

A

Quick change

60
Q

TD most desirable for use with cineplasty amputees

A

Voluntary closing

61
Q

SD amputee, which muscle sites would be most suitable for control of a myoelectric elbow

A

Pectoralis major and trapezius

62
Q

In scapulothoracic amputee, which motions can be used to operate the Px

A

Chest expansion

63
Q

Muscles that internally rotate the humerus

A

Subscapularis
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi

64
Q

The TD on the SD Px is operated primarily by scapular

A

Abduction

65
Q

Major limitation of the SD Px

A

Excursion needed to operate the Px

66
Q

Most prominent and highest point on the shoulder girdle

A

Acromion

67
Q

Characteristics (3) of a shoulder saddle harness

A

Increases comfort in axial loading
Reduces pressure in the axilla
Presents cosmetic difficulties for females

*Does NOT improve excursion in biscapular abduction

68
Q

For which type amputation is the external or outside locking joint designed

A

Elbow disarticultion

69
Q

Which is not part of the AE figure-of -8 harness

A

Inverted Y strap

70
Q

The length of the AE hymeral section is determined by measuring the sound side from the

A

Acromion process to the lateral epicondyle

71
Q

Term for “complete absence of the upper limb distal to the shoulder joint”

A

Amelia

72
Q

Characteristics (3) of the cross back strap

A

-Increases available cable excursion
-Decreases force required to operate the TD
-Tends to keep the cross point from migrating

73
Q

Where should the cross point of the figure of 8 harness be located in relation to the 7ths cervical vertebra

A

Inferior and toward the sound side

74
Q

Which epiphyses contributes most to longitudinal growth of the upper limb

A

Proximal humerus

75
Q

Elevation of the scapula is accomplished by the

A

Trapezius muscle

76
Q

What shoulder function will be lost if the middle section o the deltoid is impaired

A

Abduction

77
Q

At what amputation level would flexible elbow hinges be most appropriate

A

Long BE

78
Q

Unilateral BE Px Pt complains that the axial loop of the harness is uncomfortable. Most common reason is that the cross point is

A

Too close to the amputated side

79
Q

Short AE Px, the trimlines are extended proximally to do what

A

Increase rotational stability

80
Q

In the Muenster socket, the principal function of the posterior proximal brim is to limit elbow extension and

A

Provide suspension in axial loading

Orthotic and Prosthetic Board Prep (9 decks)

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