Upper Limb Px Flashcards by Chelsea Notton

To determine the control system efficiency of an UP Px…

Divide the force measured at the TD by the force at the hanger

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An axial pull test on an upper extremity Px should be

A force of 50 lbs and should not displace the socket more than 1”

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BE amputee should retain at least ____ of the pronation and supination available

50%

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Maximum pinch force of the two load hook is

7lbs

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When the arm is over head, the trapezius muscle

Positions the glenoid cavity upward

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The action of the deltoid muscle

Flex the gleno-humeral joint

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Glenohumeral horizontal flexion is obtained from action of the

Deltoid and Pectoralis Major

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Prime muscle for elbow flexion

Brachialis

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BE arm is generally suspended by

An inverted Y strap

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Rhomboids originate on

Thoracic vertebrae and insert along the scapula from the root of the spine to the inferior angle

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Deltoid provides

Humeral abduction, flexion, and extension

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External rotation of the humerus is accomplished with the

Infraspinatus and Teres Minor

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Internal rotation of the humerus is produced by contraction of the

Subscapularis
Teres major
Pectoralis major

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Greatest disadvantage to the amputee is using any step-up hinge is

Loss of flexion power in forearm

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Triceps action

Extends the elbow joint and glenohumeral joint

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Reasonable ranges of glenohumeral motion in the average human

Flexion 180 deg
Extension 60 deg
Abduction 180 deg
Adduction 20 deg

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Anterior support strap in the AE should

Pass over the delto-pectoral groove

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Medium length BE, there can be some residual pronation because

Pronator teres is still largely intact

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The cross point of the figure of 8 harness on the AE should be slightly to the sound side because

It will allow the TD control cable to locate low across the scapula

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Northrop-Sierra two load characteristics

Voluntary opening, 2 prehension forces

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In the APRL, using the TD, the amputee exerts force to

Unlock it, then relaxes to open it

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In order to flex the elbow, the AE amputee with a figure of 8 harness

Unlocks the elbow and flexes the gleno-humeral joint

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Amount of humeral flexion required to fully flex the elbow of an AE Px should not exceed

45 deg

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If the prehension force of the TD is less than the force required to flex the elbow, the AE amputee, harnessed for dual control with a Dorrance hook, will find what happens when he attempts to flex the elbow

TD will open

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Shoulder disarticulation Px is operated primarily by what control motion

Scapula abduction

AE amputee having difficulty in flexing the elbow of the Px, how to aid this

Increase the prehension force of the TD

The lever type excursion amplifier provides increased excursion at the expense of

Force

Which normal function can be mechanically reproduced in a Px arm

Joint stabilization

Initial socket brim for a short AE amputation would be trimmed on a line

1-2" above the acormion

Basic harness for a shoulder amputation Px is

Chest strap

If the application of cable and housing were made on the AE Px as it is on the BE, the amputee would loose

Elbow flexion

If the distance between the acromion and the lateral epicondyle is 14" and the length of the stump is 12" from the acromion to the end of the stump, the amputee would be classified as a

Standard AE

A non-prehensile activity may be illustrated by holding a

Suitcase

When fitting a socket for a VSBE, the mechanical elbow should flex to

135 deg

External movable sheave type excursion amplifier is used with what type of Px

SD (Shoulder Disarticulation)

When the control cable breaks, the unilateral amputee is instructed to manually open his TD and allow it to close over an object to be grasped. This instruction are for an amputee wearing a

Voluntary opening hook

What does the nudge control enable the amputee to do

Lock and unlock the elbow by pressing lever with the chin

When making a plaster wrap for a VSBE split socket or m=Muenster, the elbow is flexed

90 deg

Chief advantage of using the housing cross bar assembly

Reduces control cable bending, increasing cable life

Major limitation that is incurred by the SD amputee

Excursion to operate a Px

WE-500 and WA-600 are what type of units

Friction wrist units

Brachioradialis assists in _____ of the elbow

Flexion

In the forearm, the _____ remains stationary, while the ______ rotates around it

Ulna, radius

Gleno-humeral abduction is performed primarily by the ______ muscle

Deltoid

In the anatomical position, the _____ _____ is nearer the midline of the body than is the thumb

Ulnar styloid

Tripler control simply means there is one cable for elbow _____, one cable for TD ______, and a third for elbow ______

Flexion, Operation, Locking

The E-400 elbow is set in ______ degrees of initial elbow ______

5-10 deg, flexion

When harnessing bilateral amputees, the harness cross point should be

Centered over the vertebral column

The FM wrist disconnect is not recommended for use on

Shoulder disarticulation amputees

Triceps pad is often used for

Long BE and WD

Polycentric hinge is used on which types of amputees

Short BE

Acromion is part of the

Scapula

The basic BE control motion is gleno-humeral

Flexion

The acceptable range of gleno-humeral flexion for AE Px application is

135 deg

In what position should the muscle tunnel be when assembling the control system of the biceps cineplasty

At maximum shortening

When the elbow is flexed to 90 deg, the forearm can be rotated through an arc by humeral rotation. The size of this arc is

110 deg

Description of which level of UE amputation: "Wrist loss, forearm rotation absent, good humeral rotation, good shoulder motion"

VSBE

The proximal-posterior border of the VSBE shocket is shaped to contain the olecranon process, as a result...

The elbow cannot fully extend

Which wrist unit is of least value to the bilateral amputee: Model B flexion, Oval wrist, Manual friction, or Quick change

Quick change

TD most desirable for use with cineplasty amputees

Voluntary closing

SD amputee, which muscle sites would be most suitable for control of a myoelectric elbow

Pectoralis major and trapezius

In scapulothoracic amputee, which motions can be used to operate the Px

Chest expansion

Muscles that internally rotate the humerus

Subscapularis Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi

The TD on the SD Px is operated primarily by scapular

Abduction

Major limitation of the SD Px

Excursion needed to operate the Px

Most prominent and highest point on the shoulder girdle

Acromion

Characteristics (3) of a shoulder saddle harness

Increases comfort in axial loading Reduces pressure in the axilla Presents cosmetic difficulties for females *Does NOT improve excursion in biscapular abduction

For which type amputation is the external or outside locking joint designed

Elbow disarticultion

Which is not part of the AE figure-of -8 harness

Inverted Y strap

The length of the AE hymeral section is determined by measuring the sound side from the

Acromion process to the lateral epicondyle

Term for "complete absence of the upper limb distal to the shoulder joint"

Amelia

Characteristics (3) of the cross back strap

-Increases available cable excursion -Decreases force required to operate the TD -Tends to keep the cross point from migrating

Where should the cross point of the figure of 8 harness be located in relation to the 7ths cervical vertebra

Inferior and toward the sound side

Which epiphyses contributes most to longitudinal growth of the upper limb

Proximal humerus

Elevation of the scapula is accomplished by the

Trapezius muscle

What shoulder function will be lost if the middle section o the deltoid is impaired

Abduction

At what amputation level would flexible elbow hinges be most appropriate

Long BE

Unilateral BE Px Pt complains that the axial loop of the harness is uncomfortable. Most common reason is that the cross point is

Too close to the amputated side

Short AE Px, the trimlines are extended proximally to do what

Increase rotational stability

In the Muenster socket, the principal function of the posterior proximal brim is to limit elbow extension and

Provide suspension in axial loading