Anatomy Action/Insertion Flashcards
Sartorius Action
A: Flex hip joint
Laterally rotate the femur
Flex knee
Sartorius Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Gracilis, Adductor Brevis, Pectineus Action
Flexes the knee
Adducts the thigh
Helps to medially rotate the tibia on the femur
Gracilis, Adductor Brevis, Pectineus Innervation
Anterior division of obturator nerve (L2,L3)
Adductor Longus Action
Adducts and flexes the thigh
Helps to laterally rotate the hip joint
Adductor Longus Innervation
Anterior Division of obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Adductor Magnus Action
Powerful thigh adductor
Flex the thigh (superior horizontal fibers)
Extend the thigh (vertical fibers)
Adductor Magnus Innervation
Posterior division of the obturator nerve (mostly)
Hamstring portion is innervated by the tibial nerve
L2, L3, L4
Psoas Action
Flex the torso and thigh
Psoas Innervation
Direct fibers of L1, L2, and L3 of the lumbar plexus
Vastus Lateralis, Medialis, and Intermedialis action
Extends the knee
Vastus Lateralis, Medialis, and Intermedialis Innervation
Muscular branches of femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Rectus Femoris action
Extends the knee and helps to flex the thigh
Rectus Femoris Innervation
Muscular branches of femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Biceps Femoris Long Head action
Flexes the knee
Laterally rotates the tibia
Extends the hip
Biceps Femoris Long Head Innervation
Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Biceps Femoris Short Head action
Flexes the knee
Laterally rotates the tibia
Biceps Femoris Short Head Innervation
Common peroneal nerve
L5, S1, S2
Gastrocnemius and Soleus Action
Plantar flexor (powerful)
Gastrocnemius and Soleus Innervation
Tibial nerve
S1, S2
Tibialis Anterior Action
Dorsiflexion and invertor
Tibialis Anterior Innervation
Deep peroneal nerve
L4, L5, S1
Extensor Hallucis Longus Action
Extends great toe and Dorsiflexion
Extensor Hallucis Longus Innervation
Deep peroneal nerve
L4, L5, S1
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis Posterior
Action
Flexes Great toe
Helps to supinate the ankle
Very weak plantarflexor
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis Posterior
Innervation
Tibial nerve
S2, S3
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus/Brevis muscle Action
Talocrural joint: Foot plantar flexion;
Subtalar joint: Foot eversion;
Supports longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus/Brevis muscle Innervation
Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1)
Levator Scapulae Action
Elevates scapula and tilts the glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
Levator Scapulae Innervation
Dorsal scapula (C5) and cervical nerve (C3, C4)
Latissimus Dorsi Action
Extends, Adducts, and medially rotates humerus
Latissimus Dorsi Innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, C8
Infraspinatus Action
Laterally rotate arm
Helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Infraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular nerve C5, C6
Pectoralis Major Action
Adducts and medially rotates humerus
Draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
Alone: clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends it
Pectoralis Major Innervation
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
-Clavicular head C5 C6
-Sternocostal head C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
Pectoralis Minor Action
Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
Pectoralis Minor innervation
Medial pectoral nerves
-Clavicular head C8, T1
Rhomboid Major and Minor Action
Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity
Fix scapula to thoracic wall
Rhomboid Major and Minor Innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve C4, C5
Serratus Anterior Action
Draws scapula forward and upward
Abducts scapula and rotates it
Stabilizes vertebral border of scapula
Serratus Anterior Innervation
Long thoracic nerve C5, C6, C7
Subscapularis Action
Medially rotates arm and adducts it
Helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Subscapularis Innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerves C5, C6, C7
Supraspinatus Action
Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with other rotator cuff muscles
Supraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular nerve C4, C5, C6
Teres Major Action
Adducts and medially rotates arm
Teres Major Innervation
Lower subscapular nerve C6, C7
Teres Minor Action
Laterally rotate arm
Helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Teres Minor Innervation
Axillary nerve C5, C6
Trapezius Action
Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula
Abductor Digiti Minimi Action
Abducts 5th finger
Abductor Digiti Minimi Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
C8, T1
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Action
Abducts thumb and helps oppose thumb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Innervation
Recurrent branch of median nerve
C8, T1
Abductor Pollicis Longus Action
Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint
Abductor Pollicis Longus Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve and deep branch of radial nerve
C7, C8
Adductor Pollicis Action
Draws 1st metacarpal laterally to oppose thumb toward center of palm and rotates it medially
Adductor Pollicis Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
C8, T1
Anconeus Action
Assists triceps in extending forearm
Stabilizes elbow joint
Abducts ulna during pronation
Anconeus Innervation
Radial nerve
C7, C8, T1
Biceps Brachii Action
Supinates Forearm
When supine, flexes forearm
Biceps Brachii Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
C5, C6
Brachialis Action
Major flexor of forearm (all positions)
Brachialis Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
C5, C6
Brachioradialis Action
Flexed forearm
Brachioradialis Innervation
Radial nerve
C5, C6, C7
Coracobrachialis Action
Helps to flex and adduct arm
Coracobrachialis Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
C5, C6, C7
Deltoid Action
Anterior: Flexes and medially rotates arm
Middle: Abducts arm
Posterior: Extends and laterally rotates arm
Deltoid Innervation
Axillary nerve
C5, C6
Radial nerve: Majority innervation
Forearm Extensors: Majority innervation C6, C7, C8
Median Nerve
Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, pronator quadratus, pronator teres, digital flexors
Ulnar Nerve
Palmaris brevis, Flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi (brevis), Adductor pollicis, Lumbricals, Flexor pollicis longus
Ulnar nerve Injury
Claw hand
-Inability to extend fingers at interphalangeal joints (permanent flexion)
Median nerve injury at wrist
Ape hand
-Inability to oppose thumb
Radian nerve Injury
Wrist drop
-Inability to extend the hand
-Inability to fully extend forearm
Median nerve Injury at Elbow
Hand of Benediction
-Inability to flex at the MCP and IP joints of the middle and index fingers
