Spinal Ox Review Exam Flashcards
Recommendation for a 20-year-old male who sustained a L1 burst Fx
TLSO: Polymer
Which orthosis is BEST suited to manage a T6, 1-column compression Fx
TLSO: Sagittal/Coronal Control
Which Ox is BEST suited to manage a compression Fx (20% anterior compression at T11)
TLSO: Anterior Control
The pectoral membrane fibers combine with which ligament
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Correct anterior pin placement for a HALO is ________ in the __________
10mm superior to the eyebrow; lateral 1/3 of eyebrow
An adolescent female with idiopathic scoliosis presents in your facility with a prescription for Ox management. Base on this prescription, how is the patient most likely to present
Risser sign of +1, Cobb angle of 35 degrees
On which side of the Ox should the trochanteric extension be placed
The side of decompensation
The Ox management of a T1 level Fx will have its best 3-point pressure system with which Ox
Cervical thoracic Ox
What is the correct posterior superior trim line for a polymer TLSO (not for scoliosis)
10mm inferior to the level of the spine of the scapula
Upon looking at the surface anatomy of the back, it can be said that the spinal of the scapula is at which approximate vertebral level
T3
What makes up the erector spinae
Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis
The end point vertebrae in a scoliotic curve are the
Last convergent vertebrae most superior and inferior to null point
Of the 3 types of odontoid Fx, which is most common and tends to have the least favorable outcome
Type 2
Characteristics of Scheuermann’s kyphosis
Wedge vertebrae
Schmoris nodes
Osteochondrosis
Self limiting disease
Which condition should be positioned in sagittal flexion when managing with an Ox
Spinal Stenosis
The axillary’s extension of a Boston style scoliosis Ox for a double curve should extend from the
Window to about T5
What does it mean when there is a Grade 2 pedicle rotation
Pedicle is rotated 2/3 towards midline
Which modification should be made to a scoliosis Ox for a Pt with hypokyphosis
Extend the posterior superior trim line to T3
Spastic paralysis may result from
Spinal cord injury or brain injury
Pt has suffered a single level burst Fx. The greatest instability, given the nature of the Fx, would bin in which plane
Transverse
For the assembly of the TLSO: anterior control, what should be done to the overall height measurement
Decreased by 72mm
Placement of a thoracic band on a conventional lumbosacral Ox should be
10mm inferior to the most inferior angle of the scapula
In fitting a Milwaukee CTLSO, the height of the neck ring is located _______ to the mandible
36mm inferior
Considered neuromuscular scoliosi
Spina bifida
Polio
Cerebral palsy
What is the most important biomechanical principle when managing a neuromuscular spine
Total contact
In a scoliotic curve, the spinous processes rotate towards the
Concavity
In an adult, the spinal cord terminates at about the level of
L1
What is the method used to find the baseline for corset measurement
(inferior costal margin to iliac crest) divided by 2
If you use a TLSO: sagittal control and found the Pt could not tolerate the strap pressure in the axilla, what might be done?
Pad the straps
Use a harness chest strap with sternal plate
The nucleus pulposus of an intervertebral disc
Absorbs shock and equalizes stress
An individual with neuromuscular scoliosis will most likely exhibit cardiopulmonary compromise when the curve reaches what magnitude
70 degrees
The lower motor neuron cell body is found in the _______, while the upper motor neuron cell body is found in the ______
Ventral horn of the spinal cord; motor cortex of the brain
For a typical right thoracic, left lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curve, the superior aspect of the window should be _____, while the superior aspect of the axillary extension should be approximately at the level of ______
At least one rib superior to the apical rib; T5
Another name for a Knight Ox is a
LSO: Sagittal/coronal control
In what position should spinal Ox be tightened on a patient
Supine
Clinical signs of scoliosis
Positive Adams test
Asymmetrical gapping between arm and waist
Shoulder asymmetry
In scoliosis, an apical vertebra at T12 would indicate what kind of curve pattern
Thoracolumbar
Which stage of menarche would be most suitable for Ox management
Greater than six months PRE-menarche
When under axial load, there is pressure on the nucleus pulposus, which in turn causes the annulus fibrosis to stretch. This phenomenon is most consistent with which biomechanical mechanism
Load Sharing
Where is the appropriate placement of the paraspinal bars for a LSO
Follow the apices of the paraspinal muscles
Hypokyphosis can be defined as having sagittal curve magnitude in the range of:
0-20 degrees
The TLSO: anterior control has 2 anterior pads that provide a posteriorly directed force. The anteriorly directed force by the posterior pad should provide what amount of force
Equal to that posteriorly directed force
What is the most likely mechanism of injury for a seatbelt Fx (Chance Fx)
Flexion and distraction
In the spine, the most rotation occurs at which joint
Antlantoaxial joint
What characteristic is unique to the cervical spine
Transverse foramen
2 adjacent vertebrae and their intervening tissue are known as a
Motion segment
A Pt presents in your office with an atypical scoliosis curve (L-thoracic, R-lumbar). This is most likely associated with which of the following
Springomyelia
A burst Fx of the vertebral body is most likely associated with which mechanism of injury
Axial load
What could be considered the Fx site for sponylolysis
Isthmus
Pars interarticularis
Neural arch
A Jefferson Fx is a Fx of:
A Hangman Fx is a Fx of:
C1
C2
Wedged vertebra, bar vertebra and hemi vertebra are seen most frequently in which type of scoliosis
Congenital
What measurements are needed to fabricate a Milwaukee CTLSO
Sagittal diameter of neck
Coronal diameter of neck
Height to mandible
What effect does reducing decompensation have on the critical load of the spine
Increases
An idiopathic scoliotic curve with an apex of T12 should be managed with which type of pad
Extended lumbar pad
