Upper Limb - Nerves and Vessels

Question 1

Names of main artery in arm

Answer 1

Axillary artery - Brachial artery - Radial/Ulner artery

Question 2

Structures where brachial arteries anastomose

Answer 2

Joints, muscles

Question 3

Principal blood supply to forearm and hand

Answer 3

Ulnar artery (to hand via superficial palmar arch)

Question 4

Artery often used for coronary artery grafts

Answer 4

Radial artery

Question 5

Dangerous areas to administer vasoconstrictors

Answer 5

End arteries

Question 6

Example of vasoconstrictive drug

Answer 6

Adrenaline

Question 7

Volkman’s ischaemia

Answer 7

From damage to brachial artery

Question 8

Injury that can lead to Volkman’s ischaemia

Answer 8

Broken elbow

Question 9

Routes taken by superficial veins in arm

Answer 9

Highly variable

Question 10

Where do the superficial veins of the upper limb begin?

Answer 10

Dorsal venous arch, on the back of the hand

Question 11

Main tributaries of venous system of upper limb:
1)
2)
3)

Answer 11

1) Cephalic
2) Basilic
3) Median cubital

Question 12

Common place to take blood sample

Answer 12

Median cubital vein

Question 13

Lymphatic drainage route of upper limb

Answer 13

Follows superficial veins

Question 14

Lymph nodes drained to from upper limb

Answer 14

Axillary node

Question 15

Lymph node receiving greatest drainage

Answer 15

Left supraclavicular node

Question 16

Does lymph drainage cross the midline?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

From where do upper limbs receive nerve supply?

Answer 17

Brachial plexus

Question 18

Spinal cord segments from which brachial plexus forms

Answer 18

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 19

Ramus leading to brachial plexus

Answer 19

Anterior ramus

Question 20

Divisions of brachial plexus

Answer 20

Anteiror, posterior

Question 21

Which compartments do the anterior and posterior divisions serve?

Answer 21

Anterior - flexor compartment

Posterior - extensor compartment

Question 22

Number of cords leading from brachial plexus

Answer 22

Three (lateral, medial, posterior)

Question 23

Names of cords leading from brachial plexus

Answer 23

Lateral, medial, posterior

Question 24

Number of major peripheral nerves leading from cords of brachial plexus

Answer 24

Five (3 to flexor, 2 to extensor)

Question 25

Number of major peripheral nerves to flexor compartment

Answer 25

Three

Question 26

Names of major nerves serving flexor compartment of upper limb
1)
2)
3)

Answer 26

1) Musculocutaneous
2) Ulnar
3) Median

Question 27

Names of major nerves serving extensor compartment of upper limb
1)
2)

Answer 27

1) Axillary

2) Radial

Question 28

Number of major peripheral nerves to extensor compartment

Answer 28

Two

Question 29

Spinal segments supplying musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 29

C5, C6

Question 30

Muscles innervated by musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 30

Flexors of elbow (EG: biceps)

Question 31

Skin innervated by musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 31

Lateral aspect of forearm

Question 32

Spinal segments supplying medial nerve

Answer 32

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 33

Muscles innervated by medial nerve

Answer 33

Most muscles of anterior forearm, most muscles of thumb

Question 34

Skin innervated by median nerve

Answer 34

Anterior, lateral 3 and a half fingers, plus nailbeds of these fingers

Question 35

Nerve susceptible to compression in carpal tunnel

Answer 35

Median nerve

Question 36

Spinal segments supplying ulnar nerve

Answer 36

C8, T1

Question 37

Muscles supplied by ulnar nerve

Answer 37

Remaining muscles of anterior forearm, hand muscles except for thumb

Question 38

Skin innervated by ulnar nerve

Answer 38

Medial one and a half fingers (palmar and dorsal), plus nailbeds

Question 39

Nerve susceptible to compression across medial epicondyle of elbow

Answer 39

Ulnar nerve

Question 40

Area where ulnar nerve could be compressed

Answer 40

Across back of medial epicondyle of elbow

Question 41

How does the ulnar nerve cross the wrist?

Answer 41

Superficial to the flexor retinaculum

Question 42

Spinal segments supplying axillary nerve

Answer 42

C5, C6

Question 43

Muscles supplied by axillary nerve

Answer 43

Deltoid

Question 44

Skin supplied by axillary nerve

Answer 44

Military patch area

Question 45

Spinal segments supplying radial nerve

Answer 45

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 46

Muscles innervated by radial nerve

Answer 46

Extensor muscles of arm, forearm

Question 47

Skin innervated by radial nerve

Answer 47

Skin of arm, forearm, back of hand

Question 48

Injuries endangering radial nerve

Answer 48

Break of humerus, compression of nerve (Saturday night palsy)

Question 49

Erb’s palsy, waiter’s tip palsy

Answer 49

Damage to C5, C6 myotome, which supply wrist extensors, elbow flexors

Question 50

Klumpke’s palsy

Answer 50

Damage to C8, T1 myotomes. ‘Claw hand’

Question 51

Do muscles with the same action at a joint share myotomes?

Answer 51

Yes

Question 52

Snakes alive, it’s C5

Answer 52

Shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation

Question 53

6 and 7, down from heaven

Answer 53

Shoulder extension, adduciton, internal rotation

Question 54

5 and 6, pick up sticks

Answer 54

Elbow flexion

Question 55

7, 8, put them in the grate

Answer 55

Elbow extension

Question 56

Supine flicks, that’s C6

Answer 56

Supinate forearm

Question 57

7, 8, pronate

Answer 57

Pronate forearm

Question 58

Royal waving, 6 and 7

Answer 58

Wrist flexion and extension

Question 59

7,8, grab a mate

Answer 59

Finger flexion and extension

Question 60

Have fun with T1

Answer 60

Thumb abduction, adduction