Lower Limbs - Muscles and Movements

Question 1

Number of muscle compartments in the thigh

Answer 1

Four

Question 2

Muscles in anterior thigh compartment

Answer 2

Quadriceps

Question 3

Muscles in lateral thigh compartment

Answer 3

Gluteal

Question 4

Muscles in posterior thigh compartment

Answer 4

Hamstrings

Question 5

Muscles in medial thigh compartment

Answer 5

Adductors

Question 6

Role of interosseus membrane in leg

Answer 6

Links tibia and fibula

Surface for muscle attachments

Question 7

Do different thigh muscle compartments have their own nerve supply?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Quadriceps muscles

Answer 8

1) Rectus femoris

2, 3, 4) Vastus

Question 9

Muscle maintaining proper alignment of patella

Answer 9

Vastus medialis

Question 10

Effect on patella of too-weak vastus medialis

Answer 10

Patella can dislocate laterally

Question 11

Muscles of hamstring
1)
2)
3)

Answer 11

1) Semimembranous
2) Semitendenous
3) Biceps femoris

Question 12

Two-joint muscles of hamstrings

Answer 12

Semimembranous, semitendenous, biceps femoris (long head)

Question 13

Adductor muscles most commonly injured

Answer 13

Adductor longus (groin injury)

Question 14

Gluteal muscles
1)
2)
3)

Answer 14

1) Gluteus maximus
2) Gluteus medius
3) Gluteus minimus

Question 15

Superficial gluteal muscle

Answer 15

Gluteus maximus

Question 16

Deep gluteal muscles

Answer 16

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

Question 17

Role of gluteus medius and gluteus minimus

Answer 17

Adduct hip from below, maintain position of pelvis during locomotion

Question 18

Anterior muscles of leg
1)
2)
3)

Answer 18

1) Tibialis anterior
2) Extensor hallucis longus
3) Extensor digitorum longus

Question 19

Tenoperiostosis

Answer 19

Shin spints

Question 20

Technical term for shin splints

Answer 20

Tenoperiostosis

Question 21

Cause of tenoperiostosis

Answer 21

Overuse of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus

Question 22

Lateral muscles of leg

Answer 22

Peroneal muscles

Question 23

A role of peroneal muscles

Answer 23

Proprioception in ankle strain

Question 24

Posterior superficial muscles of leg:
1)
2)
3)

Answer 24

1) Gastrocnemius
2) Plantaris
3) Soleus

Question 25

Posterior deep muscles of leg:
1)
2)
3)

Answer 25

1) Tibialis posterior
2) Flexor hallucis longus
3) Flexor digitorum longus

Question 26

Role of soleus

Answer 26

Keep upright position, as centre of gravity passes behind hips.
Therefore soleus is always tensed when standing

Question 27

Compartment syndrome

Answer 27

Muscles are wrapped in tight fascia.

If there is swelling in compartment, structures are at danger of compression EG: neurovascular bundle

Question 28

Treatment for compartment syndrome

Answer 28

Fasciotomy

Question 29

Muscles forming Achilles tendon

Answer 29

Gastrocnemius

Soleus