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upper limb muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major

A

PA

  1. Clavicular head
    - medial 1/2 of clavicle
  2. Sternocostal head
    - sternum
    - costal cartilages (1-6)
    - aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique

DA
-lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Nerve
medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C6 - C8)

Artery
Thoracoacromial

Action
-flexion, adduction, medial rotation of humerus

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2
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Proximal:
Ribs 3-5 near their costal cartilages

Distal:
Coracoid process

Nerve:
Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

Artery:
Thoracoacromial artery

Action:
Draws glenoid cavity anteriorly and inferiorly

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3
Q

Subclavius

A

Proximal:
1st rib

Distal:
Clavicle

Nerve:
Nerve to subclavius (C5)

Artery:
Thoracoacromial artery

Action:
Depresses the clavicle

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4
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Proximal:
Upper 8 ribs

Distal:
Costal aspect of the medial margin of the scapula

Nerve:
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Artery:
Lateral thoracic artery
Thoracodorsal artery

Action:
Protracts and stabilizes the scapula Assists in upward rotation

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5
Q

Deltoid

A

Proximal:
Spine of the scapula
Acromion Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle

Distal:
Deltoid tuberosity

Artery:
Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Nerve:
 Axillary nerve (C5)

Action:
Abduction of the humerus

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6
Q

Teres Major

A

Proximal:
Inferior angle of the scapula

Distal:
Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Artery:
Circumflex scapular artery
Subscapular artery

Nerve:
 Subscapular nerve (C5)

Action:
Adduction of the humerus Medial rotation of the humerus

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7
Q

Teres minor

A

Proximal:
Lateral border of the scapula

Distal:
Inferior facet of the greater tubercle

Artery:
Posterior circumflex humeral artery
Circumflex scapular artery

Nerve:
 Axillary nerve (C5) Action: Lateral rotation of the humerus
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8
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Proximal:
Supraspinous fossa

Distal:
Superior facet of the greater tubercle

Artery:
Suprascapular artery

Nerve:
 Suprascapular nerve (C5)

Action:
Abduction of the humerus

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9
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Proximal:
Infraspinous fossa

Distal:
Middle facet of the greater tubercle

Artery:
Circumflex scapular artery
Suprascapular artery

Nerve:
 Supracapular nerve (C5)

Action:
Lateral rotation of the humerus

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10
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Proximal:
Short head – coracoid process of the scapula
Long head – supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Distal:
Radial tuberosity

Nerve:
 Musculocutaneous nerve (C6)

Artery:
Brachial artery

Action:
Supination of the forearm Flexion of the forearm

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11
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Proximal:
Coracoid process

Distal:
Medial side of the shaft of the humerus

Nerve:
 Musculocutaneous nerve (C6)

Artery:
Brachial artery

Action:
Adduction of the humerus Flexion of the humerus

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12
Q

Brachialis

A

Proximal:
Anterior surface of the distal ½ of the humerus

Distal:
Coronoid process of the ulna

Nerve:
 Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
 Radial nerve (C5, C7)

Artery:
Radial recurrent artery Action: Flexion of the forearm

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13
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Proximal:
Lateral surface of the distal humerus

Distal:
Styloid process of the radius

Nerve: Radial nerve

Artery: Radial recurrent artery

Action: Flexion of the forearm

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14
Q

Pronator teres

A

Proximal:
Common flexor tendon

Distal: Middle of the lateral surface of the radius

Nerve: Median nerve (C7)

Artery:
Ulnar artery
Radial artery

Action:
Pronation of the hand
Flexion of the forearm

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15
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Proximal:
Common flexor tendon

Distal: Base of the 2nd metacarpal bone

Nerve: Median nerve (C7)

Artery: Ulnar artery

Action: Flexion of the hand Abduction of the hand

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16
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Proximal:
Common flexor tendon

Distal: Palmar aponeurosis

Nerve: Median nerve (C7, C8)

Artery: Ulnar artery

Action: Flexion of the hand

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17
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Proximal:
Common flexor tendon

Distal:
Pisiform bone
Hamate bone
Base of the 5th metacarpal bone

Nerve: Ulnar nerve (C8)

Artery: Ulnar artery

Action: Flexion of the hand Adduction of the hand

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18
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Proximal:
Common flexor tendon
Radius
Ulna

Distal: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Nerve: Median nerve (C7-T1)

Artery: Ulnar artery

Action: Flexion of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

19
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Proximal:
Anterior surface of the ulna
Interosseous membrane

Distal:
Distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Nerve: Median nerve(lateral ½ of the muscle) (C8)
 Ulnar nerve (medial ½ of the muscle) (T1)

Artery: Anterior interosseous artery

Action: Flexion of digits 2-5

20
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

Proximal:
Anterior surface of the radius
Interosseous membrane

Distal: Distal phalanx of the thumb

Nerve: Anterior interosseous nerve (C8)

Artery: Anterior interosseous artery

Action: Flexion of the thumb

21
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Proximal and distal Transversely b/w distal ¼ of the radius and ulna

Nerve: Anterior interosseous nerve (C8)

Artery: Anterior interosseous artery

Action: Pronation of the hand

22
Q

Palmaris brevis

A

Proximal: Flexor retinaculum

Distal: Skin of the hypothenar eminence

Nerve: Superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

Action: Pulls on skin over hypothenar eminence

23
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Proximal:
Scaphoid
trapezium
flexor retinaculum

Distal: Lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

Nerve: Recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8)

Artery: Superficial palmar arch

Action: Abduction of the thumb

24
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Proximal:
Scaphoid
trapezium
flexor retinaculum

Distal: Lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

Nerve: Recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8)

Artery: Superficial palmar arch

Action: Flexion of the thumb

25
Opponens pollicis muscle
Proximal: Scaphoid trapezium flexor retinaculum Distal: Entire lateral side of the 1st metacarpal Nerve: Recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8) Artery: Superficial palmar arch Action: Opposition of the thumb
26
Abductor digiti minimi
Proximal: Pisiform hamate flexor retinaculum Distal: Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit Nerve: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Artery: Ulnar artery Action: Abduction of the 5th digit
27
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Proximal: Pisiform, hamate, flexor retinaculum Distal: Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit Nerve: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Artery: Ulnar artery Action: Flexion of the 5th digit
28
Opponens digiti minimi
Proximal: Pisiform, hamate, flexor retinaculum Distal: Entire medial border of the 5th metacarpal Nerve: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Artery: Ulnar artery Action: Opposition of the 5th digit
29
Lumbrical
Proximal: Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle Distal: Radial side of the extensor expansions of digits 2-5 Nerve: Lumbricals 1 and 2 – median nerve (T1) Lumbricals 3 and 4 – deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Action: Flexion of the MCP joints Extension of the PIP and DIP joints
30
Adductor pollicis
Proximal: Transverse head – anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal Oblique head – bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals and associated carpal bones Distal: Medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Nerve: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Artery: Deep palmar arch Action: Adduction of the thumb
31
Palmar interosseous
Proximal: Metacarpals of digits 2,4,5 Distal: Base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansions of digits 2,4,5 Nerve: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Action: Adduction of digits 2,4,5 (“PAD”)
32
Dorsal interosseous
Proximal: Metacarpals of digits 1-5 Distal: Base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansions of digits 2-4 Nerve: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (T1) Action: Abduction of digits 2-4 (“DAB”)
33
Triceps brachii
Proximal: Long head – infraglenoid tubercle Lateral head – posterior surface of humerus (superior to radial groove) Medial head – posterior surface of humerus (inferior to radial groove) Distal: Olecranon Nerve: Radial nerve (C7, C8) Axillary nerve (lateral head) Artery: Deep artery of the arm Action: Extension of the forearm
34
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Proximal: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus Distal: Base of the 2nd metacarpal Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve Artery: Radial artery Action: Extension of the wrist Abduction of the wrist
35
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Proximal: Common extensor tendon Distal: Base of the 3rd metacarpal Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve Artery: Radial artery Action: Extension of the wrist Abduction of the wrist
36
Extensor digitorum
Proximal: Common extensor tendon Distal: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5 Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve Artery: Posterior interosseous artery Action: Extension of the wrist Extension of the fingers
37
Extensor digiti minimi
Proximal: Common extensor tendon Distal: Extensor expansion of 5th digit Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve Artery: Posterior interosseous artery Action: Extension of the 5th digit
38
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Proximal: Common extensor tendon Distal: Base of the 5th metacarpal Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve Artery: Ulnar artery Action: Extension of the wrist Adduction of the wrist
39
Abductor pollicis longus
Proximal: Radius, ulna, interosseous membrane Distal: Base of the 1st metacarpal Nerve: Posterior interosseous nerve Artery: Posterior interosseous artery Action: Abduction of the thumb
40
Extensor pollicis brevis
Proximal: Radius, ulna, interosseous membrane Distal: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Nerve: Posterior interosseous nerve Artery: Posterior interosseous artery Action: Extension of the thumb
41
Extensor pollicis longus
Proximal: Radius, ulna, interosseous membrane Distal: Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb Nerve: Posterior interosseous nerve Artery: Posterior interosseous artery Action: Extension of the thumb
42
Extensor indicis
Proximal: Radius, ulna, interosseous membrane Distal: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit (index finger) Nerve: Posterior interosseous nerve Artery: Posterior interosseous artery Action: Extension of the 2nd digit (index finger)
43
Supinator
Proximal: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Radial collateral ligament Anular ligament Lateral surface of the ulna Distal: Proximal 1/3 of the radius Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve Artery: Radial recurrent artery Action: Supination of the hand

Musculoskeletal and skin (11 decks)

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