Abdominal Wall

Question 1

External abdominal oblique

Answer 1

Proximal:
External surface of lower ribs

Distal:
Linea alba
Pubic tubercle
Anterior iliac crest

Nerve:
T7-T11 (thoracoabdominal nerves)
T12 (subcostal nerve)

Action:
Contralateral rotation of torso

Question 2

Internal abdominal oblique

Answer 2

Proximal:
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Lateral inguinal ligament

Distal:
Lower ribs
Linea alba
Pubic crest
Pecten pubis

Nerve:
T6-T11 (thoracoabdominal nerves)
T12 (subcostal nerve)
L1 (iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve)

Artery:
Subcostal arteries

Action:
Ipsilateral rotation
Compression of abdominal contents

Question 3

Transversus abdominis

Answer 3

Proximal:
Internal surface of lower costal cartilages
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Lateral inguinal ligament

Distal:
Linea alba
Pubic crest
Pecten pubis

Nerve:
T6-T11 (thoracoabdominal nerves)
T12 (subcostal nerve)
L1 (iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve)

Blood:
Subcostal arteries

Action:
Compression of abdominal contents

Question 4

Rectus abdominis

Answer 4

Inferior:
Pubic symphysis
Body of pubis

Superior:
Costal cartilages

Nerve:
T7-T11 (thoracoabdominal arteries)
T12 (subcostal artery)

Artery:
Superior and inferior epigastric arteries

Action:
Flexion of the trunk

Question 5

Cremaster

Answer 5

Contribution of the internal abdominal oblique

Nerve:
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

Question 6

What levels?

1. Ant. cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves
2. Subcostal nerve
3. Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

Answer 6

1. T7 - T11
2. T12
3. L1

Question 7

Dermatomes?

1. T7
2. T10
3. T12
4. L1

Answer 7

• T7 -> skin overlying tip of xyphoid process
• T10 -> skin of the umbilicus
• T12 -> skin superior pubic symphysis
• L1 -> skin overlying pubic symphysis

Question 8

External spermatic fascia in a continuation of?

Answer 8

Aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique

Question 9

Lacunar ligament formed by

Answer 9

medial fibers of inguinal ligament that turn posteriorly to attach to the pecten pubis

Question 10

Cremaster muscle formed by contributions from

Answer 10

internal abdominal oblique muscle

Question 11

Conjoint tendon

Answer 11

• Medial to superficial inguinal ring

* Formed by the fusion of the aponeuroses of internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles