Upper Limb Dissected in Back (extrinsic)

Question 1

latissimus dorsi origin

Answer 1

vertebral spines from T7 to the sacrum, posterior third of the iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs, sometimes from the inferior angle of the scapula

Question 2

latissimus dorsi insertion

Answer 2

floor of the intertubercular groove (humerus)

Question 3

latissimus dorsi action

Answer 3

extends the arm and rotates the arm medially

Question 4

latissimus dorsi innervation

Answer 4

horacodorsal nerve (C7,8) from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

Question 5

latissimus dorsi artery

Answer 5

thoracodorsal a.

Question 6

latissimus dorsi notes

Answer 6

the inserting tendon twists so that fibers originating highest insert lowest

Question 7

levator scapulae origin

Answer 7

transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae

Question 8

levator scapulae insertion

Answer 8

medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the spine

Question 9

levator scapulae action

Answer 9

elevates the scapula

Question 10

levator scapulae innervation

Answer 10

dorsal scapular nerve (C5); the upper part of the muscle receives branches of C3 & C4

Question 11

levator scapulae artery

Answer 11

dorsal scapular a.

Question 12

levator scapulae notes

Answer 12

levator scapulae is named for its action

Question 13

rhomboid major origin

Answer 13

spines of vertebrae T2-T5

Question 14

rhomboid major insertion

Answer 14

medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula

Question 15

rhomboid major action

Answer 15

retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly

Question 16

rhomboid major innervation

Answer 16

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Question 17

rhomboid major artery

Answer 17

dorsal scapular a.

Question 18

rhomboid major notes

Answer 18

named for its shape

Question 19

rhomboid minor origin

Answer 19

inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1

Question 20

rhomboid minor insertion

Answer 20

medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula

Question 21

rhomboid minor action

Answer 21

retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly

Question 22

rhomboid minor innervation

Answer 22

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Question 23

rhomboid minor artery

Answer 23

dorsal scapular a

Question 24

rhomboid minor notes

Answer 24

named for its shape

Question 25

serratus posterior origin

Answer 25

Superior: ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1-T3
Inferior: thoracolumbar fascia, spines of vertebrae T11-T12 and L1-L2

Question 26

serratus posterior insertion

Answer 26

Superior: ribs 2-5, lateral to the angles
Inferior: ribs 9-12, lateral to the angles

Question 27

serratus posterior action

Answer 27

Superior:elevates the upper ribs
Inferior: pulls down lower ribs

Question 28

serratus posterior innervation

Answer 28

Superior: ranches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T1-T4
Inferior: branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T9-T12

Question 29

serratus posterior artery

Answer 29

Superior: posterior intercostal aa. 1-4
Inferior:lowest posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., first two lumbar aa.

Question 30

serratus posterior notes

Answer 30

a respiratory muscle, it receives ventral ramus innervation; embryonically related to the intercostal muscles, not the deep back mm.

Question 31

trapezius origin

Answer 31

medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12

Question 32

trapezius insertion

Answer 32

lateral third of the clavicle, medial side of the acromion and the upper crest of the scapular spine, tubercle of the scapular spine

Question 33

trapezius action

Answer 33

elevates and depresses the scapula (depending on which part of the muscle contracts); rotates the scapula superiorly; retracts scapula

Question 34

trapezius innervation

Answer 34

motor: spinal accessory (XI), proprioception: C3-C4

Question 35

trapezius artery

Answer 35

transverse cervical a.

Question 36

trapezius notes

Answer 36

named for its shape; trapezius is an example of a muscle that migrates during development from its level of origin (cervical) to its final position, pulling its nerve and artery along behind