Upper Limb Bones and joints Flashcards
What types of joints are included in the upper limb?
- Acromioclavicular joint
- Sternoclavicular joint
- Shoulder joint
- Elbow joint
- Proximal and distal radioulnar joint
- Wrist joint
- Joints of the hand
What bones comprise the shoulder girdle?
- Scapula
- Clavicle
What are the key landmarks of the scapula?
Acromion, (lateral)
Glenoid fossa, (lateral)
Coracoid process,
Subscapula fossa
What does the clavicle join?
The Scapula to the Sternum
What are the key landmarks of the Clavicle?
Trapezoid line (lateral)
Conoid Tubercle (lateral)
(medical end is 2/3 convex)
What is the anatomical position of the radius and ulna in the forearm?
- Radius: Lateral
- Ulna: Medial
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
Saddle joint.
What special feature does the sternoclavicular joint have?
Complete fibrous or fibrocartilaginous articular disc.
What movements are associated with the sternoclavicular joint?
- Glides in anteroposterior plane
- Glides in vertical plane
- Some axial rotation
What ligaments support the sternoclavicular joint?
- Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
- Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
- Interclavicular ligament
- Costoclavicular ligament
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
Plane joint.
What components make up the acromioclavicular joint?
- Acromion
- Lateral end of clavicle
What ligaments support the acromioclavicular joint?
- Superior acromioclavicular ligament
- Inferior acromioclavicular ligament
- Coracoclavicular ligament
What unique feature does the acromioclavicular joint possess?
Incomplete fibrocartilage disc.
What movements occur at the scapulothoracic joint?
- Elevation
- Depression
- Protraction
- Retraction
- Medial rotation
- Lateral rotation
What is the shoulder joint also known as?
Glenohumeral joint.
What type of joint is the shoulder joint?
Ball and socket joint.
What movements are allowed by the shoulder joint?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Medial rotation
- Lateral rotation
- Circumduction
What is a special feature of the shoulder joint?
Glenoid labrum deepens the glenoid cavity.
What is a common injury associated with the shoulder joint?
Dislocation of the shoulder joint.
What type of joint is the elbow joint?
Hinge joint.
What are the two parts of the elbow joint?
- Humeroulnar joint
- Humeroradial joint
What movements does the elbow joint allow?
Flexion and extension.
What ligaments support the elbow joint?
- Ulnar collateral ligament
- Radial collateral ligament
What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?
Pivot joint.
What movements occur at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?
Pronation and supination.
What is the primary function of the interosseous membrane?
Connects medial border of radius and lateral border of ulna.
What type of joint is the wrist joint?
Ellipsoidal joint.
What movements are possible at the wrist joint?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
What ligaments are associated with the wrist joint?
- Articular capsule
- Radial collateral ligament
- Ulnar collateral ligament
What is the classification of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?
Saddle joint.
What movements does the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb allow?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Opposition
What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?
Biaxial/ellipsoidal joint.
What movements occur at the metacarpophalangeal joint?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Circumduction
- Limited rotation
What type of joint is the interphalangeal joint?
Hinge joint.
What movements are allowed at the interphalangeal joint?
Flexion and extension.
What is a boxer’s fracture?
Fracture of the neck of the 5th metacarpal bone.
