Upper Limb 3

Question 1

Muscles that extend and abduct or adduct the hand at the wrist joint.

Answer 1

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 2

Muscles that extend or abduct the thumb

Answer 2

Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus

Question 3

Muscles that extend the medial four fingers.

Answer 3

Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi

Question 4

Muscles of posterior compartment of forearm - Superficial layer

Answer 4

Brachioradialis 
Extensor carpi radialis longus 
Extensor carpi brevis
Extensor digitorum 
Extensor digiti minimi 
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 4

Muscles of posterior compartment of forearm - Deep layer

Answer 4

Supinator
Extensor indicis
Abductur pollicis longus 
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis

Question 5

Brachioradialis - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 5

Proximal: proximal 2/3 of the supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus.
Distal: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process.

Innervation: Radial nerve.
Action: Weak flexion of forearm.

Question 6

Extensor carpi radialis longus - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 6

Proximal: Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus.
Distal: Base of 2nd metacarpal.

Innervation: Radial nerve.
Action: Extend and abduct hand at the wrist joint, also active during fist clenching.

Question 7

Extensor carpi radialis brevis - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 7

Proximal: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin).
Distal: Base of 3rd metacarpal.

Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint.

Question 8

Extensor digitorum - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 8

Proximal: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin).
Distal: Extensor expansion of medial four digits.

Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extends medial four digits.

Question 9

Extensor digiti minimi - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 9

Proximal: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin).
Distal: Extensor expansion of 5th digit.

Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extends 5th digit.

Question 10

Extensor carpi ulnaris - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 10

Proximal: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)
Distal: Base of 5th metacarpal.

Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extends and adducts hand at wrist, also active during fist clenching.

Question 11

Supinator - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 11

Proximal: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and anular ligaments, supinator fossa, crest of ulna.
Distal: Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius.

Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Supinates forearm, rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly when the elbow is flexed.

Question 12

Extensor indicis - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 12

Proximal: Posterior surface of distal third of ulna and interosseous membrane.
Distal: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit.

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve, continuation of deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extends 2nd digit (enabling its independent extension), helps extend hand at wrist.

Question 13

Abductor pollicis longus - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 13

Proximal: Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane.
Distal: Base of 1st metacarpal.

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve, continuation of deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Adducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint.

Question 14

Extensor pollicis longus - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 14

Proximal: Posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane.
Distal: Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb.

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve, continuation of deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb, extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints.

Question 15

Extensor pollicis brevis - attachment, innervation, action

Answer 15

Proximal: Posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane.
Distal: Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb.

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve, continuation of deep branch of radial nerve.
Action: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb.

Question 16

Arteries of forearm and wrist, proximal to distal.

Answer 16

Ulnar artery
  -Anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent a.
  -Common interosseous a.
  -Anterior and posterior interosseous a.
  -Recurrent interosseous a. 
  -Palmar carpal branch.
  -Dorsal carpal branch.
Radial
  -Radial recurrent a.
  -Palmar carpal branch.
  -Dorsal carpal branch.

Question 17

Branches of median nerve in forearm.

Answer 17

Anterior interosseous

Palmar cutaneous branch if median nerve

Question 18

Branches of ulnar nerve in forearm

Answer 18

Palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve.

Dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve.

Question 19

Branches of the radial nerve in forearm

Answer 19

Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm.
Superficial branch of radial nerve.
Deep branch of radial/posterior interosseous nerve.

Question 20

Thanar muscles

Answer 20

Opponens pollicis.
Abductur pollicis brevis.
Flexor pollicis brevis.
  -Superficial head
  -Deep head
Abductur pollicis
  -Oblique head
  -Transverse head

Question 21

Hypothenar muscles

Answer 21

Abductur digiti minimi.
Flexor digiti minimi brevis.
Opponens digiti.

Question 22

Short muscles

Answer 22

Lumbricals 
  -1st and 2nd
  -3rd and 4th
Dorsal interossei, 1st-4th.
Palmar interossei, 1st-3rd.

Question 23

Branches of median nerve in hand

Answer 23

Recurrent (thenar) branch of median nerve.
Lateral branch of median nerve.
Medial branch of median nerve.
Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve.

Question 24

Branches of ulnar nerve in hand

Answer 24

Palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve.
Dorsal branch of ulnar nerve.
Superficial branch of ulnar nerve.
Deep branch of ulnar nerve.

Question 25

Branch of radial nerve in hand

Answer 25

Superficial branch of radial nerve.

Question 26

Muscles attaching to the common extensor origin?

Answer 26

Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Supinator.