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MSK Anatomy > Upper Limb 2 > Flashcards

Upper Limb 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what nerve innervates the muscles of anterior flexor compartment?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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2
Q

what type of joint is the superior radio-ulnar joint?

A

synovial pivot joint

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3
Q

what are the 3 main muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis muscle

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4
Q

where does the biceps brachii arise from and attach to?

A

arises from scapula, insert into tuberosity of radius

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5
Q

which head of the biceps brachii arises from coracoid process along with the coracobrachialis?

A

short head

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6
Q

which head of the biceps arises from the supraglenoid tubercle and runs in the bicipital groove of humerus?

A

long head

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7
Q

to which bony process of the radius is the tendon of biceps attached distally?

A

radial tuberosity

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8
Q

which head of the biceps brachii is more medial?

A

short head

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9
Q

what is the action of biceps on shoulder and elbow joint?

A

it flexes both joints?

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10
Q

what is the action of the biceps on the superior radio-ulnar joint?

A

it is a powerful supinator of the radio-ulnar joint

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11
Q

nerve supply to biceps brachii?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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12
Q

which segemental fibres mainly innervate biceps brachii muscle

A

C5,6, 7

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13
Q

from which cord of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve arise?

A

lateral cord

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14
Q

where does the coracobrachialis muscle arise from

A

tip of coracoid process

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15
Q

action of coracobrachialis on shoulder joint

A

flexion of arm at shoulder joint, adduction

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16
Q

nerve supply of coracobrachialis?

A

musculocutaenous nerve

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17
Q

where does the brachialis muscle insert?

A

into coronoid process of ulna

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18
Q

what is the main action of brachialis on elbow joint?

A

flexion of elbow joint

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19
Q

which nerve supplies the brachialis muscle?

A

musculocutaneous nerve. in 70-80% people, muscle has double innervation with radial nerve

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20
Q

root values of radial nerve?

A

c5-t1

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21
Q

which cord does the musculocutaneous nerve arise from?

A

lateral cord

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22
Q

what is the main nerve of the anterior compartment of arm>

A

musculocutaneous n

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23
Q

how does the musculocutaneous nerve enter the arm

A

by perforating the coracobrachialis and descends between biceps and brachialis

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24
Q

after supplying the muscles of the arm what does the musculocutanous nerve continue as?

A

the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

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25
Q

what are the root values of musculocutaneous nerve?

A

C5,6,7

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26
Q

which 3 muscles are supplied by musculocutaneous nerve?

A

biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis

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27
Q

from which part of the forearm does the musculocutaenous nerve carry cutaneous sensations?

A

the lateral part of forearm

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28
Q

does the musculocutaneous never supply any muscles in the forearm or hand?

A

no

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29
Q

an injury inflicted by a knife in the axilla could damage which nerve, and what would this result in?

A

the musculocutaneous nerve – results in paralysis of flexor muscles of upper arm muscles and loss of sensation on the lateral aspect of the forearm

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30
Q

between the median, ulnar and radial nerve, which ones anterior and which ones posterior?

A

median and ulnar – anterior

radial – posterior

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31
Q

what is the brachial a a continuation of

A

axillary a

32
Q

where does the brachial a begin and end?

A

begins at lower border or teres major muscle and ends in cubital fossa close to neck of radius, dividing into radial and ulnar arteries

33
Q

main branch given off by brachial a

A

the profunda brachii or deep artery of arm

34
Q

which cords does the median nerve arise from?

A

medial and lateral cord

35
Q

root values of median nerve?

A

C6-T1

36
Q

does the median nerve give off any branches in the axilla or upper arm?

A

no

37
Q

which cord does the ulnar nerve arise from?

A

medial cord

38
Q

where can the ulnar nerve be found posteriorly?

A

at the medial epicondyle

39
Q

what common site of the humerus is fractured causing damage to radial nerve?

A

radial groove

40
Q

what common site of the humerus is fractured causing damage to ulnar nerve?

A

medial epicondyle

41
Q

what common site of the humerus is fractured causing damage to axillary nerve?

A

surgical neck of humerus

42
Q

which artery can be felt in the cubital fossa?

A

brachial a

43
Q

what is the medial and lateral border of the cubital fossa formed by?

A

medial - pronator teres muscle

lateral - brachioradialis muslce

44
Q

what are the contents of the cubital fossa? (from lateral to medial)

A

radial n, biceps tendon, brachial artery, median nerve

45
Q

what vein is often a choice for iv injections

A

median cubital vein

46
Q

where does the common tendon of the triceps insert into?

A

olecranon process of ulna

47
Q

olecranon process and coronoid process are parts of which forearm bone?

A

ulna

48
Q

which head of the tricpes has its proximal attachment on the infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

A

long head of triceps brachii

49
Q

main action of triceps

A

extension of elbow joint

50
Q

what are the 3 parts of triceps?

A

long, medial and lateral heads

51
Q

action of anconeus muscle?

A

extension of elbow, rotation of forearm.

52
Q

nerve supply to tricpes and anconeus?

A

radial nerve (C6-C8)

53
Q

root values of radial n

A

c6-c8

54
Q

which cord does the radial n come off of

A

posterior cord of brachial plexus

55
Q

what does the radial n supply

A

the extensor muscles of elbow and wrist joint

56
Q

describe the course of the radial nerve

A

enters arm anterior to long head of tricpes, runs w profunda brachii artery (deep a of arm), curves around humerus in radial groove

57
Q

which branch of brachial a accompanies the radial nerve in the radial groove?

A

profunda brachii artery (Deep artery of arm)

58
Q

how can radial nerve be damaged

A

by midshaft humeral fracture

59
Q

which group of muscles are most likely to be affected by a midshaft humeral fracture?

A

the extensor muscles of elbow and wrist joint

60
Q

what is the characteristic clinical sign of radial nerve injury?

A

wrist drop, and loss of extension of wrist and MCP joints

61
Q

what type of joint is elbow joint

A

synovial hinge

62
Q

what are the articular parts of the elbow joint?

A

trochlea, capitulum, trochlear notch, coronoid process, olecranon process and head of radius

63
Q

what movements occur at elbow joint?

A

flexion and extension

64
Q

the joint capsule of the elbow joint is thickened to form what

A

the medial (ulnar) and lateral (radial) collateral ligaments

65
Q

which ligament holds the head of the radius?

A

annular ligament/obicular ligament

66
Q

flexors of elbow joint?

A

brachialis, biceps brachii, brachioradialis

67
Q

movements at elbow joint

A

extension flexion

68
Q

extensors of elbow joint

A

triceps brachii and anconeus

69
Q

continous pressure on elbow results in

A

subcutaneous olecranon bursitis

70
Q

what type of joints are the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints?

A

pivot type synovial joints

71
Q

what movements occur at radio-ulnar joints?

A

supination and pronation

72
Q

what muscles carry out supination

A

supinator, biceps brachii (extensor pollicis longus and extensor capri radialis longus)

73
Q

what muscles carry out pronation

A

pronator quadratus, pronator teres (flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and brachioradialis)

74
Q

which muscle is the most powerful supinator of forearm?

A

biceps brachii

75
Q

which muscle is most powerful pronator of forearm?

A

pronator teres

MSK Anatomy (7 decks)

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