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GSSE anatomy > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Ligaments of sternoclavicular joint

A

Acromioclavicular lig
Coracoclavicular lig
Costoclavicular lig

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2
Q

Pectoralis major origin & insertion

A

Clavicular head - medial 1/2 of ant surface of clavicle -> lateral lip of bicipital groove

Sternal - manubrium, body of sternum and upper 6 CC

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3
Q

Nerve supply of pec major

A

Lateral & medial pectoral nerves *from medial/lateral cords of plexus

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4
Q

Fx of pec major

A

Adductor
Medial rotator

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5
Q

Which nerve (medial/lateral) pierces claviopectoral fascia

A

Lateral pectoral nerv

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6
Q

Which nerve pierces pec minor

A

Medial pectoral N

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7
Q

Origin & insertion pec minor

A

3-5th ribs
Insert: medial border & upper surface of coracoid

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8
Q

Nerve supply of pec minor

A

Medial & lateral pectoral nerves

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9
Q

Fx pec minor

A

Assists serratus anterior in protraction of scapula

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10
Q

Subclavius origin & insertion

A

Costochondral jx of 1st rib
Inferior surface clavicle

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11
Q

Nerve supply of subclavius

A

N to subclavius *C5,6

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12
Q

Pectoral fascia

A

Thin lamina of deep fascia
Covers pec major
Continuous with axillary fascia

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13
Q

Clavipectoral fascia attachments

A

Coracoid process to ext intercostal membrane

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14
Q

What does clavicopectoral fascia split to enclose

A

Subclavius

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15
Q

What 4 structures pierce the clavipectoral fascia

A

Lymphatics
Cephalic V
Lateral pectoral N
Thoracoacromial A

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16
Q

What does the clavipectoral fascia become below pec minor

A

Suspensory lig of axilla

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17
Q

Trap origin & inset

A

1/3rd of nuchal line & all t12
Insert: lateral 1/3rd clavicle post border
Acromion & scapula spine

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18
Q

Nerve supply of traps

A

Spinal part of accessory N C1-5
Cervical plexus

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19
Q

Fx of traps

A

Retract scapula

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20
Q

Lat dorsi origin & insert

A

Spines of T7-12; posterior layer of lumbar fascia, lumbar and sacral spines, iliac crest

Insert: floor of intertubercular sulcus

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21
Q

Nerve supply of lat dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal N C6-8

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22
Q

Action of lat dorsi

A

Extend shoulder joint
Medially rotates humerus

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23
Q

Rhomboid major origin & insert

A

Arises from t2-5 spines
Insert: medial border of scapula

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24
Q

Rhomboid minor origin & insert

A

C7-T1Spines => medial border of svapula

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25
Q

N supply of rhomboids

A

Dorsal scapular N C5

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26
Q

Fx of rhomboids

A

Retract scapula

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27
Q

Levator scapulae origin &insert

A

TP of atlas, axis, posterior tubercles C3/4

Insert: medial border of scapula from superior angle to spine

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28
Q

Nerve supply to levator scapulae

A

Cervical plexus C3,4
Reinforced by dorsal scapulae

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29
Q

Fx of levator scapulae

A

Elevate scapula
Laterally flex neck

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30
Q

Serratus anterior origin & insert

A

R1-8
Insert; costal surface of scapula

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31
Q

Nerve supply to serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic N C5,6,7

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32
Q

Fx of serratus anterior

A

Pushing & punching
Rotate scapula lateral
Raising arm above shoulder

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33
Q

Origin & insert subscap

A

Medial 2/3rd costal surface scapula
Insert: LT of humerus

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34
Q

N of subscap

A

Upper & lower subscapular N

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35
Q

Fx of subscap

A

Stability
Medial rotator

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36
Q

SSP origin & insert

A

2/3rd medial supraspinous gossa
Upper part of GT

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37
Q

N of SSP

A

Suprascapular N C5,6

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38
Q

Origin & insert ISP

A

Medial 2/3rd of infraspinous fossa
Insert: GT

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39
Q

N of ISP

A

Suprascapular N C5,6

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40
Q

Fx of infraspinatous

A

Lateral rotator
Stability
Brace head against glenoid

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41
Q

Teres minor origin & insert

A

Edge to edge with infraspinatus (axillary border of scapula)
Insert: GT (lower facet)

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42
Q

N to teres minor

A

Posterior branch of axillary N C5,6

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43
Q

Fx of teres minor

A

Lateral rotator (weak)

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44
Q

Teres major origin & insert

A

Inferior angle of scapula, dorsal surface
Insert: medial lip of intertubercular groove

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45
Q

N to teres major

A

Lower subscapular N

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46
Q

Fx of teres minor

A

Medial rotator
Adductor

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47
Q

Deltoid origin & insert

A

Anterior border & upper surface of lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion, inferior lip of scapula spine

Deltoid tuberosity

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48
Q

N to deltoid

A

Axillary N C5,6

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49
Q

Fx of deltoid

A

Multipennate
Anterior - flex, medial rotate
Post - extend, lateral rotate

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50
Q

What is covered in infraspinatus fascia

A

Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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51
Q

What makes up the scapular anastomosis

A

Dorsal scapular
Suprascapular
Subscpaular
Circumflex scapular

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52
Q

Where does dorsal scapular A arise

A

Transverse cervical A or directly off subclavian A (3rd part)

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53
Q

Where does suprascapular A arise

A

Thyrocervical trunk

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54
Q

Where does subscapular A arise

A

3rd part of axillary A

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55
Q

Where does circumflex scapular arise

A

Subscapular A (which is from 3rd part of axillary A)

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56
Q

Movements of shoulder

A

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Rotation
Circumduction

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57
Q

Axilla boundaries

A

Anterior - pec major, minor; subclavius & clavipectoral fascia

Post - subscap, teres major, tendon of lat dorsi

Medial - serratus anterior, lower limit is 4th rib

Floor - axillary fascia

Apex - clavicle, upper border of scapula

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58
Q

What divides axillary A

A

Pectoralis minor
Above ; behind ; below

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59
Q

Axillary A starts at

A

Outer border of 1st rib

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60
Q

What nerves pass IN FRONT of axillary A

A

Median root of median nerve (to reach lateral root of median N)

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61
Q

Where does axillary V lie in proximity

A

Anteromedial to all parts of the artery!

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62
Q

Branches of the axillary A

A

“Screw The Lawyer, Save A Patient)

Superior thoracic A

Thoracoacromial (4 subsbranches)
Lateral thoracic

Subscapular
Anterior humeral circumflex A
Posterior humeral circumflex A

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63
Q

4 branches of thoracoacromial A

A

Clavicular
Deltoid
Acromial
Pectoral

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64
Q

What passes through quadrangular space

A

Axillary N
Posterior circumflex humeral A

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65
Q

What passes through lower triangular space

A

Deep A of arm
Radial N

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66
Q

Where does axillary V start

A

Lower border of teres major

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67
Q

What does axillary V become & where

A

Subclavian V
Passes infront of anterior scalene

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68
Q

What are the roots of the brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

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69
Q

Where do the roots of brachial plexus FORM

A

Behind anterior scalene muscle

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70
Q

What are the branches of the ROOTS

A

Dorsal scapular
Long thoracic
N to subclavius

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71
Q

What are the lateral cord branches

A

Lateral pectoral
Lateral root of median N
MSC

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72
Q

What are the medial cord branches

A

Medial pectoral
Medial cutaneous N of the arm
Medial cutaneous N of forearm
Ulna n
Medial root of median N

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73
Q

Posterior cord branches

A

Upper subscapular
Lower subscapular
Thoracodorsal
Radial
Axillary

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74
Q

Where do the trunks emerge

A

B/w the anterior and middle scalene muscle

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75
Q

Dorsal scapular N supplies & n root

A

C5
Rhomboids
Levator scapulae

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76
Q

Long thoracic N root & supplies

A

C5,6,7
Serratus anterior

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77
Q

N to subclavius root & supplies

A

C5,6
Subclavius M

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78
Q

Suprascapular N root & supplies

A

SSP, ISP
C5,6
Travels beneath transverse scapular lig

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79
Q

Lateral pectoral N root & supplies

A

C5,6,7
Pec major

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80
Q

MSC nerve root & supplies

A

C5,6,7
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
Biceps brachii

Becomes lateral cutaneous N of forearm

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81
Q

Upper subscapular N root & supplies

A

C5,6
Subscapular N upper partl

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82
Q

Lower subscapular N root & supplies

A

C5,6
Subscapularis (lower part)
Teres major

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83
Q

Thoracodorsal nerve root & supplies

A

C6,7,8
Latissimus dorsi

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84
Q

Radial nerve root & supplies

A

C5-T1
Triceps, supinator, anconeus
Extensors of forearm
Brachioradialis

Becomes posterior cut n of arm

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85
Q

Axillary n root & supplies

A

C5,6
Deltoid
Teres minor

Becomes upper lateral cutaneous n of arm

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86
Q

Medial pectoral N roots & supplies

A

C8,T1
Pec major & minor

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87
Q

Ulnar nerve root & supplies

A

C8,T1

FCU, medial 2 FDP
Most of small muscles of hand (2LOAF exception)

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88
Q

Base of breast

A

Sternal edge to Mid axillary line 2nd-6th ribs

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89
Q

How many lactiferous ducts open into the niple

A

15-20

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90
Q

Blood supply of the breast

A

Lateral thoracic A
Internal thoracic A
Posterior IC A

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91
Q

Venous drainage of breast

A

Deep veins that run with main arteries
Posterior IC for metastatic spread

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92
Q

LN drainage of breast

A

75% to axillary LNs
Parasternal LNS

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93
Q

Coracobrachialis origin & insert

A

Coracoid process
Into medial border of humerus

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94
Q

Supply of coracobrachialis

A

MSC n C5,6

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95
Q

Fx of coracobrachialis

A

Weak flexor & adductor

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96
Q

Biceps origin & insert

A

LH from supraglenoid tubercle & labrum of scapula
SH apex of coracoid, lateral to coracobrachialis

Insert: tuberosity of radius (posterior border)

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97
Q

N to biceps brachii

A

MSC n c5,6

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98
Q

Fx of biceps

A

Flex elbow
Supinate forearm

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99
Q

Brachialis origin & insert

A

Lower half of humerus & medial intermuscular septum

Insert: coracoid process of ulna tuberosity

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100
Q

Nerve to brachialis

A

MSC n & radial N

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101
Q

Fx of brachialis

A

Elbow flexor

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102
Q

Medial intermuscular septum

A

Medial supracondylar ridge and fades out over coracobrachialis

Gives origin to brachialis & medial head of triceps

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103
Q

What pierces the medial intermuscular septum

A

Ulna N
Superior Ulna collateral A
Axillary branch of radial N (to MH of triceps)

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104
Q

Lateral intermuscular septum attachments

A

Brachioradlis & ECRL & medial head of triceps

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105
Q

What pierces the lateral intermuscular septum

A

Radial N
Profunda rachii A (radial collateral A(

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106
Q

Brachial A & relation to median N

A

Median N passes from lateral to medial

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107
Q

Ulnar nerve and relation to brachial A

A

Ulnar nerve is posterior to the artery then leaves the arm medially through medial intermuscular septum

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108
Q

Branches of brachial A

A

Profunda brachii
Radial
Inferior ulna collateral
Ulna
Superior ulna collateral

109
Q

Where does profunda brachii travel & what are its branches

A

In radial groove with radial N
Gives off medial & radial collateral A

110
Q

Basilic vein course

A

Perforates deep fascia of middle arm
Becomes axillary V

111
Q

Cephalic V course

A

Lies b/w deltoid & Pec major
Pierces clavipectoral fascia
Empties into axillary V

112
Q

Where is median found in the elbow

113
Q

What is the intercostobrachial N a brach of

A

Lateral cutaneous branch of 2nd IC nerve

114
Q

Triceps origin & insert

A

LH - infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral - back of surgical neck & above radial groove

Medial - arises from whole of back of humerus, below radial groove

Insert - posterior surface of olecranon

115
Q

LH triceps

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

116
Q

Lateral head triceps

A

Back of humerus to surgical neck
Above radial groove

117
Q

Medial head of triceps

A

Back of humerus
Below radial groove
Medial & lateral intermuscualr septumsn

118
Q

Nerve to triceps

A

Radial C7,8

119
Q

Fx of triceps

A

Extend elbow

120
Q

Course of radial N

A

Runs in radial groove
Pierces lateral intermuscular septum, entering anterior compartment
Passes with brachialis medial, brachioradialis lateral
Gives off lower lateral cutaneous n of the arm & post cutaneous n of forearm
Passes ANTERIOR to lateral epicondyle

121
Q

How does ulna n enter the forearm

A

Lies in contact with groove behind medial epicondyle
B/w humeral & ulnar heads of FCU

122
Q

Features of the humerus in the elbow joint

A

Medial TROCHLEA
Lateral CAPITULUM

123
Q

What articulates with trochlea

A

Coronoid process & head of ulna bone

124
Q

What articulates with capitulum

A

Head of radius

125
Q

Anterior compartment of forearm, broad groups

A

Superifical
Deep

126
Q

Superficial group of muscles in forearm

A

Pronator teres
FCR
FDS
Palmaris Longus
FCU

127
Q

Origin & insert pronator teres & and what passes through

A

Humeral head - medial supracondylar ridge
Ulnar - coronoid process

Median nerve passes through the heads

Insert into shaft of radius

128
Q

N of pronator teres

A

Median N (highest muscular branch)) C6,7

129
Q

Fx of pronator teres

A

Pronate
Weak flexor

130
Q

FCR origin & insert

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus
Base 2/3rd metacarpals

131
Q

Radial A & median N in relation to FCR

A

Radial A is LATERAL to tendon
Median N is medial

132
Q

Nerve to FCRq

A

Median N C6,7

133
Q

Fx of FCR

A

Flex & radial abduct wrist

134
Q

FDS origin & insert

A

Medial epicondyle, medial lig of elbow, coronoid process, radial head

Insert: palmar surface of base of middle phalanx

135
Q

Nerve of FDS

A

Median N C7,8

136
Q

Fx of FDS

A

Flex prox IP

137
Q

FCU origin & insert

A

Medial epicondyle and medial border of olecranon & upper 2/3rds of ulna
(Ulna n passes between)
Insert into pisiform & hamate & 5th Metacarpal bone

138
Q

N to FCU

A

Ulnar N C7,8

139
Q

What accompanies UlnaN In forearm

A

Posterior ulnar recurrent A

140
Q

FDP origin & insert

A

Medial surface of olecranon, upper anterior and medial surfacers of ulna

Insert: bases of distal phalanges of medial 4 digits

141
Q

Nerve to FDP

A

AIN & Ulnar N

142
Q

Fx of FDP

A

Flex distal IP joint

143
Q

FPL origin & insert

A

Anterior surface of radius
Some from ulna side
Insert into base of distal phalanx on THUMB

144
Q

Nerve to FPL

145
Q

Fx of FPL

A

Only flexor of the interphalangeal of thumb

146
Q

Pronator quadratus origin & insert

A

Anteriomedial aspect of distal ulnar
Insert into anterior surface of lower 4th of radius

147
Q

N to pronator quadratus

148
Q

Fx of pronator quadratus

A

Pronator
Hold ulna & radius together

149
Q

Boundaries of cubital fossa

A

Sup = intercondylar line *b/w medial & lateral epicondyles of humerus

Med = pronator teres m
Lat = brachioradialis
Apex (directed inferiorly)
Roof - skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia

Floor - brachialis & supinator

150
Q

Contents of cubital fossa

A

“People really believe bob marley”
Posterior Interosseous N
radial N
Biceps tendon
Brachial A
Median N

151
Q

Course of radial A in forearm

A

Distal to biceps tendon
Crosses supinator
Over tendon of pronator teres
Radial origin of FDS
FPL
Disappears into anatomical snuff box
Deep to Abductor Pollicis Longus & EPL

152
Q

Course of Ulnar A in forearm

A

Disappears in cubital fossa under pronator teres
Runs beneath FDS& Median nerve
Runs on FDP
Lies on top of flexor retinaculum
Superficial palmar Arch

153
Q

How does median nerve enter forearm

A

B/w two heads of pronator teres

154
Q

How does median nerve leave cubital fossa

A

B.w pronator teres (the two heads)

155
Q

Where does median n run in forearm

A

Beneath FDS
Then behind &Lateral to palmaris longus

Gives off AIN

156
Q

AIN supplies

A

FDP (1/2)
FPL
Pronator quadratus
Inferior radioulnar joints
Wrist ^ carpal joints

157
Q

How does ulnar nerve exits cubital fossa

A

B/w FCU heads

158
Q

How does ulnar nerve travel in forearm

A

Under cover of flattened aponeurosis of FCU

159
Q

Where does the ulnar A run in relation to ulna N in forearm

A

Lies RADIAL side along the distal 2/3 of forearm

160
Q

What does ulnar N supply in the forarm

A

FCU
FDP 1/2

161
Q

What is the lateral cutaneous n of the forearm an ext of

A

Ext of MSC n

162
Q

What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint

A

Pivot, synovial. Joint

163
Q

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint

A

Synovial pivot joint

164
Q

What are the muscles of extensor component of forearm

A

Anconeus
Supinator
Brachioradlias
ECRL
ECRB
Extensor digitorum
Digiti minimi
ECU
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor indicis

165
Q

What are the 2 upper muscles of ext compartment of forearm

A

Anconeus
Supinator

166
Q

3 muscles that arise from lateral humerus to radial side

A

Brachioradialis
ECRL
ECRB

167
Q

Lateral part of humerus 3 muscles to POSTERIOR surface of forearm

A

Extensor digitorum
Digiti Minimi
ECU

168
Q

What are the 3 muscles that emerge deep & form the boundaries of anatomical snuffbox

A

Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis

169
Q

How many extensor compartments are there

170
Q

What are the extensor compartments

A

1: Abductor pollicis longus; extensor pollicis brevis

2: ECRB, ECRL

3: EPL

4: Extensor digitorum; extensor indicis

5: extensor digiti minimi

6: ECU

171
Q

Anconeus origin & insert

A

Arises from posterior surface of lateral epicondyle
Insert: olecranon

172
Q

Nerve to anconeus

A

Radial C7,8

173
Q

Action of anconeus

A

Small amount of posterolateral movement of ulnar that occurs during pronation

174
Q

Supinator origin & insert

A

Distal surface of lateral epicondyle, lateral lig of elbow, annular lig of radius, supinator crest of ulna & fossa

Insert: lateral surface of radius

175
Q

N to supinator

176
Q

Fx of supinator

A

Supinate while elbow is straight
(Biceps more powerful)

177
Q

Brachioradialis origin & insert

A

Lower 2/3rd of lateral supracondylar ridge
Insert: radial styloid base

*forms lateral border of cubital fossa

178
Q

Nerve to brachioradialis

A

Radial n C5,6

179
Q

Fx of brachioradialis

A

Flex elbow joint

180
Q

What lies below brachioradialis muscle

A

Radial N & A

181
Q

ECRL origin & insert

A

Lower 1/3rd of lateral supracondylar ridge
2nd metacarpal

182
Q

Nerve to ECRL

A

Radial N C6,7

183
Q

Fx of ECRL

A

Extend & abduct wrist

184
Q

What arises from common extensory origin

A

ECRB
ED
EDM
ECU

185
Q

What is the common extensor origin

A

Front of lateral epicondyle (anterior surface)

186
Q

ECRB origin & insert

A

Common extensor origin
Base of 3rd metacarpal

187
Q

Nerve to ECRB

188
Q

Fx of ECRB

A

Wrist extensor

189
Q

Extensor digitorum origin & insert

A

Common extensor origin
Into extensor hood

190
Q

N to extensor digitorum

191
Q

Fx of extensor digitorum

A

Wrist, MCP, IP extensor

192
Q

Extensor digiti minimi origin & insert

A

Common extensor origin
To extensor hood of lil finger

193
Q

N to extensor digiti minimi

194
Q

ECU origin & insert

A

Common extensor origin
To 5th metacarpal

195
Q

N to ECU

196
Q

Abductor pollicis longus origin & insert

A

From back of radius, ulna & interosseous membrane

Into base of 1st MC & trapezium

197
Q

N to abductor pollicis longus

198
Q

Fx of abductor pollicis longus

A

Extend thumb & lateral displacement
Abduct & flex wrist

199
Q

EPL origin & insert

A

Ulna to base of distal phalanx of thumb

200
Q

N to EPL

201
Q

EPB origin & insert

A

Radius & interosseous membrane
Base of proximal phalanx

202
Q

EPB n

203
Q

Extensor indicis origin & insert

A

Ulna
Shares synovial sheath with ED
Dorsal expansion of index finger

204
Q

N to extensor indicis

205
Q

PIN emerges where

A

From supinator & radial n

206
Q

What is the post interosseous A a branch of

A

Common interosseous A from Ulna A

207
Q

Boundaries of anatomical snuffbox

A

Radial side: Abductor pollicis Longus, EPB

ulnar: EPL

Roof: cephalic V

Floor: radial A (Deep to tendons

208
Q

Extensor retinaculum attachments

A

Anterolateral border of radius
Pisiform & triquetral bones

209
Q

What type of joint is the wrist joint

A

Biaxial synovial joint

210
Q

N to wrist joint

211
Q

Wrist movements & what muscle(s) allow for this

A

Flex; FCR + FCU (palmaris longus)
Ext: ECRL, ECRB, ECU
Abduct: FCR, ECRL, ECRB, abductor pollicis longus
Adduct: FCU and ECU

212
Q

What is the venous drainage of dorsum of hand

A

Radial side: cephalic
Ulnar side: basilic

213
Q

What forms the dorsal carpal arch

A

Arterial anastomosis b/w
Radial, ulnar * Anterior interosseous A

214
Q

How do the dorsal metacarpal arteries reach the intermetacarpal space

A

Deep to the long tendons

215
Q

What provides cutaneous innervation to palm

A

Median nerve & palmer branch
Superificial & palmer branches of ulnar N

216
Q

What is the palmar aponeurosis continuous with

A

Tendon of palmaris longus
Deeper transverse fibres
Flexor retinaculum

217
Q

Flexor retinaculum attachments

A

Medial: pisiform, hook of hamate
Lateral: scaphoid, trapezium

218
Q

Contents of carpal tunnel

A

“Silly people pay continuous money”
FCS
FDP
FPL
FCR
Median N

219
Q

What is the canal of guyon

A

The ulnar N and artery travelling lateral to pisiform bone covered by a band of fascia

220
Q

What is the superificial palmar A a direct continuation of ?

221
Q

What does NOT receive blood supply from superficial palmar branch

A

Thumb & thumb side of index finger

222
Q

When does the ulnar n divide into superfiical & deep branches

A

On the flexor retinaculum

223
Q

Where does the radial A lie in the hand

A

Cross anatomical snuffbox over trapezium
Runs deeply b/w 2 heads of first dorsal interosseous m

224
Q

What does the deep branch of ulnar n go on to supply

A

Motor to 3 hypothenar M
2 lumbricals on ulnar side
All interossei
Both heads of adductor pollicis

225
Q

Muscles of thenar eminence

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

226
Q

Nerve to m of thenar muscles

A

Muscular *recurrent) branch of median N T1

227
Q

Origin &insert of thenar muscles

A

All from flexor retinaculum

Insert:
Abductor pollicis brevis - radial side of prox phalanx
Flex pollicis brevis - radial sesamoid
Opponens pollicis - whole radial border of prox phalanx

228
Q

M of hypothenar eminence

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minini brevis
Opponens digiti minimi

229
Q

Nerve to muscle of hypothenar eminence

A

Deep branch of ulnar N T1

230
Q

Origin &insert hypothenar M

A

Abductor DM
- from pisiform & FCU tendon
- base of prox phalanx into extensor expansion

Flex DMB
- flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate
- ulnar side of prox phalanx base

O DM
- flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate
- ulnar side of 5th MC bone base

231
Q

Adductor pollicis origin & insert

A

Whole 3rd Metacarpal
Bases of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal & capitates

Insert: ulnar sesamoid of thumb

232
Q

N to adductor pollicis

A

Deep branch of ulnar N C8,T1

233
Q

Where do the lumbricals origin & insert

A

4 FDP tendons
Extensor expansions on dorsum of prox phalanges

234
Q

N of lumbricals

A

Median & ulna

235
Q

Interosseous muscles TYPES & NERVE

A

Palmar - ADDUCT
Dosral - ABDUCT
All by deep branch of Ulnar N C8,T1

236
Q

What lies within the fibrous flexor sheaths of the fingers & thumbs

A

FPL in thumb
FDP & FDS in the fingers

237
Q

What are the palmar spaces within the hand & what separates them

A

The septum of palmar aponeurosis
3 spaces
- thenar, hypothenar, mid-palmar spaces

238
Q

What lies bw the web spaces of the hand *palmar & dorsal layers of the skin

A

Superficial & deep transverse ligs
Digital N + Vessels
Tendons of interossei & lumbricals
Loose fibrofatty tissue

239
Q

What attaches ot the deep transverse metacarpal ligaments

A

Lumbricals are on palmar side
Interossei on dorsal side

240
Q

What does the vincula do

A

Provide blood supply to flexor tendons

241
Q

What are the long tendons of the thumb

A

FPL
EPB & EPL

242
Q

Action of lumbricals

A

Only attached to extensor expansions
Extend BOTH IP joints

243
Q

Features of clavicle

A

Medial 2/3rd round & convex forward
Lateral 1/3rd flat & curved back to scapula
Acromial & sternal edges

244
Q

Attachments to clavicle

A

SCM
Pec Major
Deltoid lateral 1/3rd
Trapezius
Subcalvius
Ligs: costoclavicular; conoid; trapezoid

245
Q

Features of scapula

A

Triangular, flat bone
Costal surface
Dorsal surface - spinous process, infra&supraspinous fossa
Acromion
Glenoid fossa
Supra and infraglenoid tubercles
Coracoid process

246
Q

Attachments to scapula

A

Costal - serratus anterior; subscapularis
Medial border: levator scapulae, rhomboids major & minor
SSP, ISP
Teres major; teres minor
Trapezius
Deltoid
LH of biceps
LH of triceps

247
Q

What are the muscles that attach to coracoid process

A

Pectoralis Minor
Biceps SH
Coracobrachialis

248
Q

Ligaments attached to coracoid process

A

Coracoclavicular ligs
Coracoacromial lig
Coracohumeral lig

249
Q

Features of humerus

A

Head
Surgical & anatomical neck
Lesser tubercle
Bicipital groove
Greater subercle
Deltoid tuberosity
Radial groove
Capitulum for head of radius
Trochlea for ulna

250
Q

What attaches onto lesser tubercle

A

Subscapularis
Continues as medial lig = teres major

251
Q

Intertubercular sulcus bridged by

A

Transverse humeral lig (biceps LH tendon passes beneath)

252
Q

greater tubercle attachments

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

253
Q

Radial groove gives from to

A

Lateral lip to LH of triceps
Medial head of triceps
Radial n lies here

254
Q

What does capitulum articulate with

A

Radial head

255
Q

What does trochlea articulate with

256
Q

Radius features

A

Cylindrical head (communicates with capitulum)
Radial tuberosity
Interosseous membrane
Styloid process
Dorsal tubercle

257
Q

Where does biceps attach on radius

A

Onto posterior lip

258
Q

What attaches to anterior oblique line of radius

A

FDS
FPL
Pronator quadratus

259
Q

What attaches to posterior oblique line on radius

A

Abductor pollicis longus
Abductor pollicis brevis

260
Q

What attaches to radius styloid process

A

Radial collateral lig
Brachioradialis
Extensor retinaculum

261
Q

Colles fracture

A

Distal radius - dorsal rotation & displacement

262
Q

Ulna bony features

A

Upper end - olecranon, coronoid process
Ulnar tuberosity
Trochlear notche
Shaft
Head of ulna (distal)
Ulna styloid

263
Q

What arises from olecranon & attaches

A

Tricep tendons attach
FDP arises
Anconeus

264
Q

Coronoid process attachments

A

FDS
Pronator teres
(Sublime tubercle)

265
Q

What inserts on ulna tuberosity

A

Brachialis

266
Q

Largest carpal bone

267
Q

Which carpal bone makes contact with deep branch of ulnar N

A

Hook of hamate

GSSE anatomy (8 decks)

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