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Anatomy > Upper Extremity - Anterior Compartment Forearm and Cubital Fossa > Flashcards

Upper Extremity - Anterior Compartment Forearm and Cubital Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

the anterior compartment of the forearm can be divided into 3 different layers

A

superficial
middle
deep

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2
Q

name the muscles in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

pronator teres (most lateral)
FCR
Palmaris Longus
FCU

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3
Q

name the muscle in the middle layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

FDS

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4
Q

name the muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

FDP
FPL
Pronator Quadratus

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5
Q

what is the common origin for the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

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6
Q

the nerve supply to the anterior compartment of the forearm is?

A

the median N. (C6-C7)

with some exceptions

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7
Q

Pronator Teres

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: mid point of lateral surface of radius
N: median N (C6-C7)
A: pronates and flexes forearm at elbow

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8
Q

FCR

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones
N: median N (C6-C7)
A: flexion and radial deviation of wrist

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9
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

O: medial epicondyl
I: apex of palmar aponeurosis and distal 1/2 of flexor retinaculum
N: median N (C6-C7)
A: flexion of wrist

fun fact: some people are missing this muscle on one side ; covers median nerve right above level of wrist

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10
Q

FCU

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, and 5th metacarpal bone
N: ulnar nerve (C7-C8)
A: flexion and ulnar deviation of wrist

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11
Q

FDS

A

Ori: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: four tendons divide (in front of proximal phalax) into two slips each. Slips insert into the sides of the middle phalanges of four medial finger
N: median nerve (C7-T1)
A: flexes PIPs, MCPs and wrist

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12
Q

FDP

A

O: ant and medial surfaces of ulna just below coronoid process
I: bases of distal phalanges of medial four fingers
N: medial 1/2 digits 4 and 5 (ulnar N); lateral 1/2 digits 2 and 4 (median N.) (C8-T1)
A: PRIME MOVER wrist flexion; flexion of DIPs, PIPs, MCPs

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13
Q

when assessing strength how do you differentiate between FDP and FDS?

A

Test strength of DIPs

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14
Q

FPL

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus (origin sometimes absent); anterior surface of radius
I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: anterior interosseous N. (from median N.) (C8-T1)
A: PRIME MOVER thumb flexion; abducts wrist

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15
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

attachments: distal 1/4 of ant surface of ulna and radius
N: anterior interosseous N from median N. (C8-T1)
A: PRIME MOVER arm pronation

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16
Q

under which muscle do the radial A. and the superficial branch of radial N. descend in the forearm?

A

brachioradialis

17
Q

under which muscle do the ulnar A. and N descend in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

FCU

18
Q

the radial N. and musculocutaneous N run the same course in the forearm. What is their location wrt the brachialis muscle?

A

Radial N. is deep to brachialis

Musculocutaneous N. runs on top of brachialis

19
Q

what is the course of the median nerve?

A

passes between the two heads of pronator teres and then descends between FDS and FDP; distally in the forearm the median N is deep to palmaris longus tendon

20
Q

what muscles create the borders of the cubital fossa?

A 
Lat: brachioradialis
Med: pronator teres
sup: line joining humeral epicondyles
floor: brachialis
roof: bicipital aponeurosis
21
Q

what are the contents of the cubital fossa?

A

A: brachial and its terminal branches (radial and ulnar), recurrent branches of radial and ulnar arteries
N: median and radial (superficial and deep branches)
biceps tendon
lymph nodes

22
Q

name the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
brachioradialis
ECRL
ECRB
Extensor Digitorum
EDM
ECU
Supinator
APL
EPL
EPB
Extensor Indicis
23
Q

brachioradialis

A

O: lateral supracondylar line
I: lat surface of radius just above styloid process
N: radial N (C5-C7)
A: flexion of elbow in mid position

24
Q

ECRL

A

O: supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: dorsal surface of base of 2nd metacarpal
N: radial nerve (C6, C7)
A: extension and abduction of wrist

25
Q

ECRB

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal surface of base of 3rd metacarpal
N: deep branch of radial N (C7, C8)
A: extension and abd of wrist

26
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

O: lateral condyle of humerus
I: dorsal digital expansion (four medial fingers)
N: post interosseous N (C7, C8)
A: PRIME MOVER wrist extension; extension of MCPs, PIPs, DIPs of medial 4 fingers

27
Q

EDM

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal digital expansion of 5th finger
N: post interosseous N (C7, C8)
A: wrist extension, MCP and IPs of 5th finger

28
Q

ECU

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus and post border of ulna
I: dorsal surface of base of 5th metacarpal
N: post interosseous N (C7, C8)
A: extension and ulnar deviation of wrist; elbow extension

29
Q

Supinator

A 
very important deep muscle
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: post surface of proximal 1/3 of radius (oblique line)
N: deep branch of radial N. (C7, C8)
A: supination of forearm
30
Q

EPB

A

O: post surface of distal 1/3 of radius
I: dorsal surface of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: post interosseous N (C7, C8)
A: extension of MCP of thumb

31
Q

Extensor Indicis

A

O: post surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous mb
I: dorsal digital expansion of 2nd finger
N: post interosseous N (C7, C8)
A: extension of wrist, MCP, and IPs of 2nd finger

32
Q

APL

A

O: post surface of proximal 1/2 of ulna, radius and interosseous mb
I: base of 1st metacarpal
N: post interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
A: PRIME MOVER thumb abduction, extension of thumb at MCP joint

33
Q

what muscles aid in extension of thumb?

A

APL
EPL
EPB

34
Q

EPL

A

O: post surface of middle 1/3 of ulna
I: dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: post interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
A: PRIME MOVER thumb extension

35
Q

what muscle does the post interosseous N pass through to enter the post compartment of the forearm?

A

supinator

36
Q

what muscles are supplied directly by the Radial N motor branches?

A

brachioradialis

ECRL

37
Q

what muscles are supplied by the deep branch of the Radial N.?

A

ECRB

Supinator

38
Q

what muscles are supplied by post interosseous N.?

A 
ECU
Extensor Digitorum
EDM
EPB
Extensor Indicis
APL
EPL

Anatomy (10 decks)

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