Muscles of face, oral cavity, nasal cavity and pharynx

Question 1

Name the superficial muscles of the face and their innervation.

Answer 1

1.) Orbicularis oculi
2.) Orbicularis oris
3.) Buccinator
4.) Nasalis
Innervated by CN VII (facial nerve)

Question 2

Name the deep muscles of the face and their innervation.

Answer 2

1.) Masseter
2.) Medial pterygoid
3.) Lateral pterygoid
4.) Temporalis
Innervated by CN V (trigeminal nerve - mandibular division)

Question 3

What nerves do the sensory innervation for the face?

Answer 3

Cranial Nerve 5 (trigeminal nerve) all 3 divisions:

1. ) Opthalmic
2. ) Maxillary
3. ) Mandibular

Question 4

What is Bell’s Palsy?

Answer 4

Peripheral lesion of the motor branches of cranial nerve 7 (facial nerve). As a result all or some of the muscles of the affected side will be paralyzed. Usually the lesion occurs in the stylomastoid foramen or parotid gland.

Question 5

What type of joint is the TMJ?

Answer 5

Synovial modified hinge (condylar) joint.

Question 6

What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ?

Answer 6

1.) mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.
2.) condylar process of mandible
3.) articular tubercle of temporal bone.
There is an intra articular disc that is added to increase the congruency of the joint surfaces. this disc divides the joint cavity into two separate spaces.

Question 7

How does the mandible complete its range of motion?

Answer 7

The lateral pterygoid muscle must pull the head of the mandible forward on opening of the mouth.

Question 8

What nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue?

Answer 8

Cranial nerve 12 (hypoglossal nerve).

Question 9

What supplies the taste buds of the tongue?

Answer 9

Anterior 2/3 of tongue cranial nerve 7 (facial) and posterior 1/3 cranial nerve 9 (glossopharyngeal).

Question 10

What nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue?

Answer 10

Cranial nerve 12 (hypoglossal nerve).

Question 11

What supplies the taste buds of the tongue?

Answer 11

Anterior 2/3 of tongue cranial nerve 7 (facial) and posterior 1/3 cranial nerve 9 (glossopharyngeal).

Question 12

What are the three major pairs of salivary glands? What innervates them?

Answer 12

Parotid gland (cranial nerve 9 glossopharyngeal); Sub-mandibular gland (cranial nerve 7 facial); Sub-lingual gland (cranial nerve 7 facial).

Question 13

What is the pharynx?

Answer 13

Muscular tube which connects to the nasal cavity and oral cavity superiorly and to the esophagus and larynx inferiorly. May be subdivided into 3 groups:

• naso-pharynx (between the base of the skull and the hard palate)
• oro-pharynx (between the hard palate and the hyoid bone)
• laryngo-pharynx (between the hyoid bone and C6)

Question 14

What are the three major pairs of salivary glands? What innervates them?

Answer 14

Parotid gland (cranial nerve 9 glossopharyngeal); Sub-mandibular gland (cranial nerve 7 facial); Sub-lingual gland (cranial nerve 7 facial).

Question 15

What is the pharynx?

Answer 15

Muscular tube which connects to the nasal cavity and oral cavity superiorly and to the esophagus and larynx inferiorly. May be subdivided into 3 groups:

• naso-pharynx (between the base of the skull and the hard palate)
• oro-pharynx (between the hard palate and the hyoid bone)
• laryngo-pharynx (between the hyoid bone and C6)