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Anatomy (Upper Extremity) > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of Trapezius?

A

occipital bone, nuchal ligament, thoracic spinous processes

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2
Q

What is the insertion of Trapezius?

A
  • Clavicle
  • acromion
  • spine of scapula
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3
Q

What is the innervation of Trapezius?

A

CN XI - Accessory

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4
Q

What are the actions of Trapezius?

A

Superior: elevation and upward rotation of scapula

Middle: retraction of scapula (adduction)

Inferior: depression and upward rotation of the scapula

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5
Q

What is the origin of Latissimus Dorsi?

A
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Iliac crests
  • Ribs
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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi insertion

A

Anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus

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7
Q

What innervates Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal (long scapular nerve)

C6, C7, C8

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Actions?

A

Glenohumeral joint: Extension, adduction, medial rotation

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9
Q

Levator Scapulae: origin

A

cervical transverse processes (C1-C4)

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10
Q

Levator Scapulae: insertion

A

superior angle of scapula

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11
Q

Levator Scapulae: innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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12
Q

Levator Scapulae: actions

A
  • Elevation of scapula

- Downward rotation of scapula

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13
Q

Rhomboid major: origin

A
  • Nuchal ligament

- throacic spinous processes

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14
Q

Rhomboid major: insertion

A

medial border of scapula

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15
Q

Rhomboid major: innervation

A

dorsal scapular (C5)

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16
Q

Rhomboid major: action

A
  • retraction of scapula
  • downward rotation of scapula
  • fixes scapula to body wall
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17
Q

Rhomboid minor: origin

A
  • nuchal ligament

- thoracic spinous processes

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18
Q

Rhomboid minor: insertion

A

Medial border of scapula (superior to Rhomboid major)

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19
Q

Rhomboid minor: innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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20
Q

Rhomboid minor: action

A
  • Retration of scapula
  • Downward rotation of scapula
  • Fixes scapula to the body wall
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21
Q

Splenius capitis: origin

A
  • Nuchal ligament

- Thoracic spinous processes

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22
Q

Splenius capitis: insertion

A
  • mastoid process

- occipital bone

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23
Q

Splenius capitis: innervation

A

dorsal rami

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24
Q

Splenius capitis: action

A

Bilateral: extend neck
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side of neck

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25
Q

Splenius cervicis: origin

A
  • nuchal ligament

- thoracic spinous processes

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26
Q

Splenius cervicis: insertion

A
  • Mastoid process

- Cervical transverse processes

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27
Q

Splenius cervicis: innervation

A

dorsal rami

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28
Q

Splenius cervicis: action

A

Bilateral - extension of neck

Unilateral - lateral flexion, rotation to ipilateral side of neck

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29
Q

Iliocostalis:origin

A
  • iliac crests
  • Sacrum
  • lumbar spinous processes
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30
Q

Iliocostalis: insertion

A
  • Ribs

- Transverse processes

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31
Q

Iliocostalis: innervation

A

dorsal rami

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32
Q

Iliocostalis: action

A

Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side

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33
Q

Longissimus: origin

A
  • iliac crest
  • Sacrum
  • lumbar spinous procesess
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34
Q

Longissimus: insertion

A
  • Transverse processes

- mastoid process

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35
Q

Longissimus: innvervation

A

dorsal rami

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36
Q

Longissimus: action

A

Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side

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37
Q

Spinalis: origin

A
  • iliac crest
  • sacrum
  • lumbar spinous process
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38
Q

Spinalis: insertion

A
  • spinous processes

- occipital bone

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39
Q

Spinalis: innervation

A

dorsal rami

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40
Q

Spinalis: action

A

Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side

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41
Q

Semispinalis: origin

A

-occupy “gutter” between transverse and spinous processes

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42
Q

Semispinalis: insertion

A

-occupy “gutter” between transverse and spinous processes

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43
Q

Semispinalis: innervation

A

dorsal rami

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44
Q

Semispinalis: action

A

Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side

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45
Q

Multifidus: origin

A

-occupy “gutter” between transverse and spinous processes

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46
Q

Multifidus: insertion

A

-occupy “gutter” between transverse and spinous processes

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47
Q

Multifidus: innervation

A

Dorsal Rami

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48
Q

Multifidus: action

A

Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side

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49
Q

Rotatores: origin

A

-occupy “gutter” between transverse and spinous processes

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50
Q

Rotatores: insertion

A

-occupy “gutter” between transverse and spinous processes

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51
Q

Rotatores: innervation

A

Dorsal rami

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52
Q

Rotatores: action

A

Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side

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53
Q

Pectoralis major: origin

A
  • clavicle
  • sternum
  • costal cartilages of superior ribs
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54
Q

Pectoralis major: insertion

A

anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus

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55
Q

Pectoralis major: innervation

A
  • Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

- Lateral pectoral nerve (C5,C6, C7)

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56
Q

Pectoralis major: action

A

Glenohumeral joint:

  • Adduction
  • Flexion
  • Medial rotation
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57
Q

Pectoralis minor: origin

A

ribs 3-5

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58
Q

Pectoralis minor: insertion

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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59
Q

Pectoralis minor: innvervation

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

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60
Q

Pectoralis minor: action

A

Scapula:

  • Protraction
  • Depression
  • stabilization
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61
Q

Serratus Anterior: origin

A

lateral aspect of ribs 1-8

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62
Q

Serratus Anterior: insertion

A

Anterior surface of scapula medial border

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63
Q

Serratus Anterior: innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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64
Q

Serratus Anterior: action

A

Scapula:

  • protraction
  • Upward rotation
  • Fixes scapula to thoracic wall
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65
Q

Deltoid: origin

A
  • clavicle
  • acromion
  • spine of the scapula
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66
Q

Deltoid: insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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67
Q

Deltoid: innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5, C6)

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68
Q

Deltoid: action

A

anterior: flexion and medial rotation of Glenohumeral joint
middle: abduction of glenohumeral joint after 15 degrees
posterior: extension and lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint

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69
Q

Teres major: origin

A

inferior angle of the scapula

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70
Q

Teres major: insertion

A

anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus

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71
Q

Teres major: innervation

A

Lower subscapular (C5, C6)

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72
Q

Teres major: action

A

Glenohumeral joint:

  • medial rotation
  • adduction
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73
Q

Teres minor: origin

A

lateral border of scapula

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74
Q

Teres minor: insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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75
Q

Teres minor: innervation

A

Axillary (C5, C6)

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76
Q

Teres minor: action

A

Glenohumeral joint:

  • lateral rotation
  • stabilize the glenohumeral joint
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77
Q

Supraspinatus: origin

A

supraspinous fossa of scapula

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78
Q

Supraspinatus: insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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79
Q

Supraspinatus: innervation

A

suprascapular (C5, C6)

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80
Q

Supraspinatus: action

A

Glenohumeral joint:

  • abduction (initial 15 degrees)
  • stabilize
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81
Q

Infraspinatus: origin

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

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82
Q

Infraspinatus: insertion

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

83
Q

Infraspinatus: innervation

A

suprascapular (C5, C6)

84
Q

Infraspinatus: action

A

Glenohumeral joint:

  • lateral rotation
  • stabilize
85
Q

Subscapularis: origin

A

subscapular fossa of scapula

86
Q

Subscapularis: insertion

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

87
Q

Subscapularis: innervation

A
  • Upper subscapular (C5, C6)

- Lower subscapular (C5, C6)

88
Q

Subscapularis: action

A

Glenohumeral joint:

  • medial rotation
  • adduction
  • stabilize
89
Q

Coracobrachialis: origin

A

coracoid process

90
Q

Coracobrachialis: insertion

A

midshaft of anterior humerus

91
Q

Coracobrachialis: innervation

A

musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)

92
Q

Coracobrachialis: action

A

Flex glenohumeral joint

93
Q

Biceps brachii: origin

A

short head: coracoid process

long head: supraglenoid tubercle

94
Q

Biceps brachii: insertion

A
  • radial tuberosity

- fascia of forearm (bicipital aponerosis)

95
Q

Biceps brachii: innervation

A

musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)

96
Q

Biceps brachii: action

A
  • Flex elbow when supinated
  • Supinate forearm when elbow flexed
  • Weakly flex glenohumeral joint
97
Q

Brachialis: origin

A

Distal half of humerus

98
Q

Brachialis: insertion

A

ulnar tuberosity

99
Q

Brachialis: innervation

A

musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)

100
Q

Brachialis: action

A

Flex elbow

101
Q

Triceps brachii: origin

A

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: posterior humerus
medial head: posterior humerus

102
Q

Triceps brachii: insertion

A

olecranon process of ulna

103
Q

Triceps brachii: innervation

A

Radial (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

104
Q

Triceps brachii: action

A
  • extend elbow joint

- extend glenohumeral joint (long head)

105
Q

Anconeus: innervation

A

Radial (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

106
Q

Anconeus: action

A

stabilize elbow joint

107
Q

Pronator teres: origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

108
Q

Pronator teres: insertion

A

midshaft of radius

109
Q

Pronator teres: innervation

A

median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

110
Q

Pronator teres: action

A

pronate forearm

111
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

112
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: insertion

A

radial/lateral side of wrist

113
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: innervation

A

median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

114
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

115
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: insertion

A

ulnar/medial side of wrist

116
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: action

A
  • Flex wrist

- Abduct wrist

117
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: innervation

A

ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

118
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: action

A
  • Flex wrist

- Adduct wrist

119
Q

Palmaris longus: origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

120
Q

Palmaris longus: insertion

A

plamar aponeurosis

121
Q

Palmaris longus: innervation

A

Median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

122
Q

Palmaris longus: action

A

Flex wrist

123
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis: origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

124
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis: insertion

A

middle phalanges of digits 2-5

125
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis: innervation

A

Median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

126
Q

Flexor digitorum supericialis: action

A
  • Flex digits 2-5 at MCP and PIP

- Flex wrist

127
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
128
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: insertion

A

distal phalanges of digits 2-5

129
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: innervation

A
  • digits 2, 3 and 1/2 of 4th - Median (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

- digits 1/2 of 4 and 5th: Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)

130
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: action

A
  • Flex wrist

- Flex digits 2-5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP

131
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
132
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: insertion

A

Distal phalanx of thumb

133
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: innervation

A

median nerve

134
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: action

A
  • Flex thumb: CMC, MCP, IP

- Flex wrist

135
Q

Pronator quadratus: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
136
Q

Pronator quadratus: insertion

A

distal radius

137
Q

Pronator quadratus: innervation

138
Q

Pronator quadratus: action

A

pronate forearm

139
Q

Brachioradialis: origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

140
Q

Brachioradialis: insertion

A

distal radius

141
Q

Brachioradialis: innveration

A

Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

142
Q

Brachioradialis: action

A

flex elbow joint

143
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

144
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: insertion

A

radial/lateral side of dorsal aspect of hand

145
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: innervation

A

Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

146
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: action

A
  • extension of wrist

- abduction of wrist

147
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: origin

A

lateral epicondyle

148
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: insertion

A

radial/lateral aspect of dorsal hand

149
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: innervation

150
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: action

A
  • extension of wrist

- abduction of wrist

151
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: origin

A

lateral epicondyle

152
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: insertion

A

ulnar/medial side of the dorsal hand

153
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: innervation

154
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: action

A
  • Extend wrist

- Adduct wrist

155
Q

Extensor Digitorum: origin

A

lateral epicondyle

156
Q

Extensor Digitorum: insertion

A

extensor expansions on digits 2-5

157
Q

Extensor Digitorum: innervation

158
Q

Extensor Digitorum: action

A
  • Extend digits 2-5 MCP, PIP, DIP

- Extend wrist

159
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi: origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

160
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi: insertion

A

extensor expansion of digit 5

161
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi: innervation

162
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi: action

A

Extend digit 5 MCP, PIP, DIP

163
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus:origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
164
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus: insertion

A

-base of MC1

165
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus: innervation

166
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus: action

A
  • Abduct Pollix

- Extend Thumb at CMC

167
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
168
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis: insertion

A

Proximal phalanx of Pollux

169
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis: innervation

170
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis: action

A

extend thumb - CMC, MCP

171
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
172
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus: insertion

A

Distal phalanx of pollux

173
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus: innervation

174
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus: action

A

Extend thumb at CMC, MCP, IP

175
Q

Extensor Indicis: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
176
Q

Extensor Indicis: insertion

A

extensor expansion of digit 2

177
Q

Extensor Indicis: innervation

178
Q

Extensor Indicis: action

A

extend digit 2 - MCP, PIP, DIP

179
Q

Supinator: origin

A
  • ulna
  • radius
  • interosseous membrane
180
Q

Supinator: insertion

A

proximal radius

181
Q

Supinator: innervation

182
Q

Supinator: action

A

supinate forearm when elbow flexed or extended

183
Q

Abductor Pollicis brevis: innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

184
Q

Abductor Pollicis brevis: action

A

abduct thumb CMC

185
Q

Flexor Pollicis brevis: innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

186
Q

Flexor Pollicis brevis: action

A

flex thumb - CMC, MCP

187
Q

Opponens Pollicis: innervation

A

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

188
Q

Opponens Pollicis: action

A

oppose thumb- CMC

189
Q

Adductor Pollicis (transverse and oblique heads): innervation

A

ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

190
Q

Adductor Pollicis (transverse and oblique heads): action

A

Adduct thumb - CMC

191
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi: innervation

A

ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

192
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi: action

A

abduct digit 5 - MCP

193
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: innervation

A

Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

194
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: action

A

Flex digit 5 - CMC, MCP

195
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi: innervation

A

Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)

196
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi: action

A

oppose digit 5 - CMC

197
Q

Lumbricals: origin

A

tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

198
Q

Lumbricals: insertion

A

extensor expansions of digits 2-5

199
Q

Lumbricals: innervation

A 
Median nerve: digits 2 and 3
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1): digits  4 and 5
200
Q

Lumbricals: action

A
  • Flex MCP of digits 2-5

- Extend PIP and DIP of digits 2-5

201
Q

Palmar interossei (3): innervation

A

ulnar (C7, C8, T1)

202
Q

Palmar interossei (3): action

A

PAD: adduct MCP digits 2-5

Digit 3, middle finger is axis

203
Q

Dorsal interossei (4): innervation

A

Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)

204
Q

Dorsal interossei (4): action

A

“DAB”: abduct MCP digits 2-5

Anatomy (Upper Extremity) (12 decks)

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