Upper Extremity Flashcards
1
Q
What is the origin of Trapezius?
A
occipital bone, nuchal ligament, thoracic spinous processes
2
Q
What is the insertion of Trapezius?
A
- Clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
3
Q
What is the innervation of Trapezius?
A
CN XI - Accessory
4
Q
What are the actions of Trapezius?
A
Superior: elevation and upward rotation of scapula
Middle: retraction of scapula (adduction)
Inferior: depression and upward rotation of the scapula
5
Q
What is the origin of Latissimus Dorsi?
A
- Thoracolumbar fascia
- Iliac crests
- Ribs
6
Q
Latissimus Dorsi insertion
A
Anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus
7
Q
What innervates Latissimus Dorsi?
A
Thoracodorsal (long scapular nerve)
C6, C7, C8
8
Q
Latissimus Dorsi Actions?
A
Glenohumeral joint: Extension, adduction, medial rotation
9
Q
Levator Scapulae: origin
A
cervical transverse processes (C1-C4)
10
Q
Levator Scapulae: insertion
A
superior angle of scapula
11
Q
Levator Scapulae: innervation
A
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
12
Q
Levator Scapulae: actions
A
- Elevation of scapula
- Downward rotation of scapula
13
Q
Rhomboid major: origin
A
- Nuchal ligament
- throacic spinous processes
14
Q
Rhomboid major: insertion
A
medial border of scapula
15
Q
Rhomboid major: innervation
A
dorsal scapular (C5)
16
Q
Rhomboid major: action
A
- retraction of scapula
- downward rotation of scapula
- fixes scapula to body wall
17
Q
Rhomboid minor: origin
A
- nuchal ligament
- thoracic spinous processes
18
Q
Rhomboid minor: insertion
A
Medial border of scapula (superior to Rhomboid major)
19
Q
Rhomboid minor: innervation
A
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
20
Q
Rhomboid minor: action
A
- Retration of scapula
- Downward rotation of scapula
- Fixes scapula to the body wall
21
Q
Splenius capitis: origin
A
- Nuchal ligament
- Thoracic spinous processes
22
Q
Splenius capitis: insertion
A
- mastoid process
- occipital bone
23
Q
Splenius capitis: innervation
A
dorsal rami
24
Q
Splenius capitis: action
A
Bilateral: extend neck
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side of neck
25
Splenius cervicis: origin
- nuchal ligament
| - thoracic spinous processes
26
Splenius cervicis: insertion
- Mastoid process
| - Cervical transverse processes
27
Splenius cervicis: innervation
dorsal rami
28
Splenius cervicis: action
Bilateral - extension of neck
| Unilateral - lateral flexion, rotation to ipilateral side of neck
29
Iliocostalis:origin
- iliac crests
- Sacrum
- lumbar spinous processes
30
Iliocostalis: insertion
- Ribs
| - Transverse processes
31
Iliocostalis: innervation
dorsal rami
32
Iliocostalis: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side
33
Longissimus: origin
- iliac crest
- Sacrum
- lumbar spinous procesess
34
Longissimus: insertion
- Transverse processes
| - mastoid process
35
Longissimus: innvervation
dorsal rami
36
Longissimus: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side
37
Spinalis: origin
- iliac crest
- sacrum
- lumbar spinous process
38
Spinalis: insertion
- spinous processes
| - occipital bone
39
Spinalis: innervation
dorsal rami
40
Spinalis: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side
41
Semispinalis: origin
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
42
Semispinalis: insertion
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
43
Semispinalis: innervation
dorsal rami
44
Semispinalis: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side
45
Multifidus: origin
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
46
Multifidus: insertion
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
47
Multifidus: innervation
Dorsal Rami
48
Multifidus: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side
49
Rotatores: origin
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
50
Rotatores: insertion
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
51
Rotatores: innervation
Dorsal rami
52
Rotatores: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side
53
Pectoralis major: origin
- clavicle
- sternum
- costal cartilages of superior ribs
54
Pectoralis major: insertion
anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus
55
Pectoralis major: innervation
- Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
| - Lateral pectoral nerve (C5,C6, C7)
56
Pectoralis major: action
Glenohumeral joint:
- Adduction
- Flexion
- Medial rotation
57
Pectoralis minor: origin
ribs 3-5
58
Pectoralis minor: insertion
Coracoid process of scapula
59
Pectoralis minor: innvervation
Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
60
Pectoralis minor: action
Scapula:
- Protraction
- Depression
- stabilization
61
Serratus Anterior: origin
lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
62
Serratus Anterior: insertion
Anterior surface of scapula medial border
63
Serratus Anterior: innervation
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
64
Serratus Anterior: action
Scapula:
- protraction
- Upward rotation
- Fixes scapula to thoracic wall
65
Deltoid: origin
- clavicle
- acromion
- spine of the scapula
66
Deltoid: insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
67
Deltoid: innervation
axillary nerve (C5, C6)
68
Deltoid: action
anterior: flexion and medial rotation of Glenohumeral joint
middle: abduction of glenohumeral joint after 15 degrees
posterior: extension and lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint
69
Teres major: origin
inferior angle of the scapula
70
Teres major: insertion
anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus
71
Teres major: innervation
Lower subscapular (C5, C6)
72
Teres major: action
Glenohumeral joint:
- medial rotation
- adduction
73
Teres minor: origin
lateral border of scapula
74
Teres minor: insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
75
Teres minor: innervation
Axillary (C5, C6)
76
Teres minor: action
Glenohumeral joint:
- lateral rotation
- stabilize the glenohumeral joint
77
Supraspinatus: origin
supraspinous fossa of scapula
78
Supraspinatus: insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
79
Supraspinatus: innervation
suprascapular (C5, C6)
80
Supraspinatus: action
Glenohumeral joint:
- abduction (initial 15 degrees)
- stabilize
81
Infraspinatus: origin
infraspinous fossa of scapula
82
Infraspinatus: insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
83
Infraspinatus: innervation
suprascapular (C5, C6)
84
Infraspinatus: action
Glenohumeral joint:
- lateral rotation
- stabilize
85
Subscapularis: origin
subscapular fossa of scapula
86
Subscapularis: insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
87
Subscapularis: innervation
- Upper subscapular (C5, C6)
| - Lower subscapular (C5, C6)
88
Subscapularis: action
Glenohumeral joint:
- medial rotation
- adduction
- stabilize
89
Coracobrachialis: origin
coracoid process
90
Coracobrachialis: insertion
midshaft of anterior humerus
91
Coracobrachialis: innervation
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
92
Coracobrachialis: action
Flex glenohumeral joint
93
Biceps brachii: origin
short head: coracoid process
| long head: supraglenoid tubercle
94
Biceps brachii: insertion
- radial tuberosity
| - fascia of forearm (bicipital aponerosis)
95
Biceps brachii: innervation
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
96
Biceps brachii: action
- Flex elbow when supinated
- Supinate forearm when elbow flexed
- Weakly flex glenohumeral joint
97
Brachialis: origin
Distal half of humerus
98
Brachialis: insertion
ulnar tuberosity
99
Brachialis: innervation
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
100
Brachialis: action
Flex elbow
101
Triceps brachii: origin
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: posterior humerus
medial head: posterior humerus
102
Triceps brachii: insertion
olecranon process of ulna
103
Triceps brachii: innervation
Radial (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
104
Triceps brachii: action
- extend elbow joint
| - extend glenohumeral joint (long head)
105
Anconeus: innervation
Radial (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
106
Anconeus: action
stabilize elbow joint
107
Pronator teres: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
108
Pronator teres: insertion
midshaft of radius
109
Pronator teres: innervation
median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
110
Pronator teres: action
pronate forearm
111
Flexor carpi radialis: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
112
Flexor carpi radialis: insertion
radial/lateral side of wrist
113
Flexor carpi radialis: innervation
median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
114
Flexor carpi ulnaris: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
115
Flexor carpi ulnaris: insertion
ulnar/medial side of wrist
116
Flexor carpi radialis: action
- Flex wrist
| - Abduct wrist
117
Flexor carpi ulnaris: innervation
ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
118
Flexor carpi ulnaris: action
- Flex wrist
| - Adduct wrist
119
Palmaris longus: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
120
Palmaris longus: insertion
plamar aponeurosis
121
Palmaris longus: innervation
Median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
122
Palmaris longus: action
Flex wrist
123
Flexor digitorum superficialis: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
124
Flexor digitorum superficialis: insertion
middle phalanges of digits 2-5
125
Flexor digitorum superficialis: innervation
Median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
126
Flexor digitorum supericialis: action
- Flex digits 2-5 at MCP and PIP
| - Flex wrist
127
Flexor digitorum profundus: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
128
Flexor digitorum profundus: insertion
distal phalanges of digits 2-5
129
Flexor digitorum profundus: innervation
- digits 2, 3 and 1/2 of 4th - Median (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
| - digits 1/2 of 4 and 5th: Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
130
Flexor digitorum profundus: action
- Flex wrist
| - Flex digits 2-5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP
131
Flexor pollicis longus: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
132
Flexor pollicis longus: insertion
Distal phalanx of thumb
133
Flexor pollicis longus: innervation
median nerve
134
Flexor pollicis longus: action
- Flex thumb: CMC, MCP, IP
| - Flex wrist
135
Pronator quadratus: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
136
Pronator quadratus: insertion
distal radius
137
Pronator quadratus: innervation
median
138
Pronator quadratus: action
pronate forearm
139
Brachioradialis: origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
140
Brachioradialis: insertion
distal radius
141
Brachioradialis: innveration
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
142
Brachioradialis: action
flex elbow joint
143
Extensor carpi radialis longus: origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
144
Extensor carpi radialis longus: insertion
radial/lateral side of dorsal aspect of hand
145
Extensor carpi radialis longus: innervation
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
146
Extensor carpi radialis longus: action
- extension of wrist
| - abduction of wrist
147
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: origin
lateral epicondyle
148
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: insertion
radial/lateral aspect of dorsal hand
149
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: innervation
radial
150
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: action
- extension of wrist
| - abduction of wrist
151
Extensor carpi ulnaris: origin
lateral epicondyle
152
Extensor carpi ulnaris: insertion
ulnar/medial side of the dorsal hand
153
Extensor carpi ulnaris: innervation
radial
154
Extensor carpi ulnaris: action
- Extend wrist
| - Adduct wrist
155
Extensor Digitorum: origin
lateral epicondyle
156
Extensor Digitorum: insertion
extensor expansions on digits 2-5
157
Extensor Digitorum: innervation
radial
158
Extensor Digitorum: action
- Extend digits 2-5 MCP, PIP, DIP
| - Extend wrist
159
Extensor Digiti Minimi: origin
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
160
Extensor Digiti Minimi: insertion
extensor expansion of digit 5
161
Extensor Digiti Minimi: innervation
radial
162
Extensor Digiti Minimi: action
Extend digit 5 MCP, PIP, DIP
163
Abductor Pollicis Longus:origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
164
Abductor Pollicis Longus: insertion
-base of MC1
165
Abductor Pollicis Longus: innervation
radial
166
Abductor Pollicis Longus: action
- Abduct Pollix
| - Extend Thumb at CMC
167
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
168
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: insertion
Proximal phalanx of Pollux
169
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: innervation
Radial
170
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: action
extend thumb - CMC, MCP
171
Extensor Pollicis Longus: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
172
Extensor Pollicis Longus: insertion
Distal phalanx of pollux
173
Extensor Pollicis Longus: innervation
Radial
174
Extensor Pollicis Longus: action
Extend thumb at CMC, MCP, IP
175
Extensor Indicis: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
176
Extensor Indicis: insertion
extensor expansion of digit 2
177
Extensor Indicis: innervation
Radial
178
Extensor Indicis: action
extend digit 2 - MCP, PIP, DIP
179
Supinator: origin
- ulna
- radius
- interosseous membrane
180
Supinator: insertion
proximal radius
181
Supinator: innervation
radial
182
Supinator: action
supinate forearm when elbow flexed or extended
183
Abductor Pollicis brevis: innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve
184
Abductor Pollicis brevis: action
abduct thumb CMC
185
Flexor Pollicis brevis: innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve
186
Flexor Pollicis brevis: action
flex thumb - CMC, MCP
187
Opponens Pollicis: innervation
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
188
Opponens Pollicis: action
oppose thumb- CMC
189
Adductor Pollicis (transverse and oblique heads): innervation
ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
190
Adductor Pollicis (transverse and oblique heads): action
Adduct thumb - CMC
191
Abductor Digiti Minimi: innervation
ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
192
Abductor Digiti Minimi: action
abduct digit 5 - MCP
193
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: innervation
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
194
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: action
Flex digit 5 - CMC, MCP
195
Opponens Digiti Minimi: innervation
Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
196
Opponens Digiti Minimi: action
oppose digit 5 - CMC
197
Lumbricals: origin
tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
198
Lumbricals: insertion
extensor expansions of digits 2-5
199
Lumbricals: innervation
```
Median nerve: digits 2 and 3
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1): digits 4 and 5
```
200
Lumbricals: action
- Flex MCP of digits 2-5
| - Extend PIP and DIP of digits 2-5
201
Palmar interossei (3): innervation
ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
202
Palmar interossei (3): action
PAD: adduct MCP digits 2-5
| Digit 3, middle finger is axis
203
Dorsal interossei (4): innervation
Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
204
Dorsal interossei (4): action
"DAB": abduct MCP digits 2-5
