Upper Extremity Flashcards
What type of acromion shapes will lead to rotator cuff derangement?
Type II: curved
Type III: anterior hook
What ligaments are effected with AC joint separations?
Type I = AC joint mild
Type II = rupture of AC joint, coracoclavicular ligament
Type III = both ruptured
Sprengel Deformity
most common congenital deformity of scapula, characterized by dysplasia and malpositioning of scapula
What is an acceptable loss of IR/TROM compared to CL side/
20 degrees of IR
10% TROM
Serratus and Lower traps both contribute to what? Why is this important?
upward rotation of scapula. If weak in these mm’s, can lead to altered mvmt patterns and possibly impingement
What is the SICK scapula?
Scapular malpositioning
prominent Inferior angle
Coracoid pain
dysKinesis of scap mvmt
What 2 important structures pass through quadrilateral space?
circumflex artery, axillary nerve
Difference b/w external/subacromial impingement and internal impingement?
external/SA = RC tendons get compressed under acromial arch internal = RC tendons get compressed by posterior glenoid and humeral head
What is a type II SLAP tear and why is it important? Type IV? How will this affect post op period?
inolves long head of biceps (anchor detachment) so this will change your treatment approach. Type IV is a bucket handle tear that extends into the LHB tendon. Type II SLAP will limit biceps activity for 8 weeks. If LHB is repaired in type IV, no bicep activity x 3 months.
Immediately following UCL repair, is full flexion or extension safe to achieve?
Extension, as this will not tension the graft. Will gradually work on regaining flexion ROM.
What is the difference b/w tendinitis and tendinosis?
Tendinosis, while painful, lacks inflammatory cells. Tendinosis has angiogenesis, which is an ingrowth of sensory nerve fibers that do not retract as they usually do with normal healing.
2 mechanisms that contribute to SLAP tear
peel back - occurs in deceleration phase of throwing due to eccentric biceps activity that weakens the complex
torsional peel back - occurs in follow through and this strong force contributes to detachment
Main muscle involved with humeral epicondylitis
ECRB (ext carpi radialis brevis)
main muscles involved with medial epicondylitis
FCR, prontaor teres, FCU
what is the valgus extensionoverload syndrome? Special test?
large valgus force on medial elbow + rapid elbow extension + shear force in posterior compartment + compressive force in lateral compartment. Usually happens with attenuated UCL or increased joint mobility. Also occurs with repetitive throwing. Special test = moving valgus
