Medical & Surgical Flashcards
Best exercise regimen for a person with diabetes (DM1 or DM2)?
30minutes x 5 days week in addition to resistance training 3 days week (50-70% intensity)
For a person with DM1, what type of meal should be consumed pre-workout? Post-workout?
Before: CHO rich meal with a low gylcemic index. After: CHO rich meal with a high glycemic index.
Do patients with DM2 need to supplement with CHO?
no, they are not usually hypoglycemic
At what blood glucose level should exercise be scaled back? postponed? inadvisable?
> 200mg/dL exercise should be scaled back; >250mg/dL exercise should be post poned (esp in the presence of urine ketones); >300mg/dL then exercise is inadvisable
If patient becomes mildly hypoglycemic? severely hypoglycemic?
70mg/dL. Mild: supplement with candy, fruit juice, sugared beverage, or absorbed glucose. Severe: glucagon.
What is the significance of taking both aspirin and ibuprofen?
the concomitant use antagonizes the platelet inhibition induced by aspirin
What is acetylsalicylic acid? Positives? Negatives?
aspirin. (ibuprofen (Motrin) and naproxen (naprosyn)). Positives = mild pain & fever, stroke prevention. Negatives = adverse effects to GI, renal tissue, and platelet aggregation
What is acetaminophen? Positives? Negatives?
Tylenol. Positives = 1st line tx for OA. Negatives = no anti-inflammatory effect (so therefore not technically not an NSAID), high does can lead to hepatic and renal toxicity
What are cox-2 inhibitors? Positives? Negatives?
Positives: helps with severe pain & does not effect GI mucosa. Negatives = higher cost and higher rate of cardiovascular events.
What causes infectious mononucleosis (IM)? How is it transmitted?
epstein-barr virus (member of herpes family). Transmitted via saliva?
What does the prodromal period of mono look like? How long does it last? What is the triad of mono?
3-5 day period of fatigue, malaise, and anorexia. Triad = pharyngitis, fever, lymphadenopathy. Rash is often seen as well.
What can mono lead to? How long before RTP?
splenomegaly, 3 weeks
What is tinea capitis? corporis? cruris? pedis? gladiatorum? unguium? versicolor?
head and face, body (ringworm), groin, feet (LAMISIL!), among athletes, white patch under nail, chronic infection of skin
Molluscum contagiosum is caused by what? What do they look like? Tx?
viral infection (pox virus); pink or flesh colored bumps; tx is via curetting
Impetigo is caused by what? Difference b/w bullous and non-bullous?
bacteria (pyoderma); non-bullous are more common = thin walled vesicle that ruptures easily and is then covered with a yellowish-brown or honey colored crust, usu around nose or face
