Upper Extremities: Muscles, Innervations, & Blood Supply Flashcards
Pectoralis Major M.
Innervation: Medial & Lateral Pectoral Nerves
Blood Supply: Pectoral Branch of the Thoracoacromial Trunk
Action:
Medially rotate humeral head
Protract scapula
depress scapula
Pectoralis Minor M.
Innervation: Medial Pectoral Nerve
Blood Supply: Pectoral Branch of the Thoracoacromial Trunk
Action:
stabilize the scapula by depression and protraction
Serratus Anterior M.
Innervation: Long thoracic Nerve
Blood Supply: Lateral Thoracic Artery
Action:
protract scapula
rotate glenoid cavity superiorly because serratus anterior binds to the medial border of the scapula
Subclavius M.
Innervation: Subclavian Nerve
Blood Supply: Acromial Branch of the Thoracoacromial Trunk
Action: Stabilize clavicle and depress clavicle
Supraspinatus M.
Innervation: Suprascapular Nerve
Blood Supply: Supracscapular Artery of the Thyrocervical Trunk
Action:
Abduct humerus because it is attached to medial portion of the humerus (greater tubercle)
Hold humeral head in the glenoid fossa of the scapula
Infraspinatus M.
Innervation: Suprascapular Nerve
Blood Supply: Suprascapular Artery of Thyrocervical Trunk
Action:
laterally rotate humerus as it is attached to the posterior aspect of humerus
Holds the humeral head in the glenoid cavity
Teres Major M.
Innervation: Subscapular Nerve
Blood Supply: Circumflex Scapular Artery
Action: adducts the humerus closer to the body
medially rotates the humerus
Teres Minor M. *
Innervation: Axillary Nerve
Blood Supply: Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
Action: laterally rotate the humerus
holds humeral head in glenoid cavity
Deltoid M. *
Innervation: Axillary Nerve
Blood Supply: Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
Action: helps flex the shoulders above the head
Coracobrachialis M.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve
Blood Supply: Brachial Artery
Action: Adducts humerus
Flex humerus
Brachialis M.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve
Blood Supply: Brachial Artery
Action: Flexes the forearm because its insertion is on the ulnar tuberosity
Longhead of Biceps Brachii M.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve
Blood Supply: Brachial Artery
Action: Flex humerus
Flex supine forearm
Supinate forearm
Short Head of Biceps Brachii M.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve
Blood Supply: Brachial Artery
Action: Flex humerus
Flex supine forearm
Supinate forearm
Longhead of Triceps Brachii M.
Innervation: Radial Nerve
Blood Supply: Deep Brachial Artery
Action: Resist shoulder dislocation (attached to lateral
border of scapula)
Extend elbow
Medial Head fo Triceps Brachii M.
Innervation: Radial nerve
Blood Supply: Deep Brachial Artery
Action: Resist shoulder dislocation
Extend elbow
Lateral Head of Triceps Brachii M.
Innervation: Radial nerve
Blood Supply: Deep Brachial Artery
Action: Resist shoulder dislocation
Extend Elbow
Aconeus M.
Innervation: Radial Nerve
Blood Supply: Middle Collateral Branch of Deep Brachial Artery
Action: Extend Elbow with Triceps brachii muscle
Stabilizes elbow joint
Flexor Carpii Radialis M.
Innervation: Median Nerve
Blood Supply: Ulnar Artery
Action: Abduct hand at wrist
Inserts at medial epicondyle–> base of 2nd metacarpal bone
Palmaris Longus M.
Innervation: Median Nerve
Blood Supply: Ulnar Artery
Action: Flex hand at wrist
Inserts at medial epicondyle and attaches to palmar aponeurosis
Flexor Carpii Ulnaris M.*
Innervation: Ulnar Nerve
Blood Supply: Ulnar Artery
Action: Adduct hand at wrist
Inserts at medial epicondyle and attaches at the pisiform bone
Pronator Teres M.
Innervation: Median Nerve
Blood Supply: Ulnar Artery
Action: Pronates forearm
flexes forearm
Inserts at the medial epicondyle and attaches at the lateral aspect of the radius
Flexor Digitorium Superficialis M.*
Innervation: Ulnar Nerve
Blood Supply: Ulnar Artery
Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints at the wrist
Flexes forearm
Flexes hand at wrist
Inserts at medial epicondyle and attaches at the phalanges 2-5
Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.
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Innervation: Anterior Interosseous Nerve of Median Nerve
Blood Supply: Anterior Interosseous Artery
Action: Flexes the hand at the wrist
Inserts at medial epicondyle and extends all the way to the tips of all the fingers 2-5
Flexor Pollicus Longus M. **
Innervation: Anterior Interosseous Nerve of Median Nerve
Blood Supply: Anterior Interosseous Artery
Action: flexes the first carpometacarpal joint
flexes the wrist at the hand
flexes the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint
Inserts in the interosseous membrane and the anterior aspect of radius –> phalanx of the pollex
Pronator Quadratus M. **
Innervation: Anterior Interosseous Nerve of Median Nerve
Blood Supply: Anterior Interosseous Artery
Action: Pronate the forearm
Insert at distal ulnar end to the distal radius end
Brachioradialis M.
Innervation: Radial Nerve
Blood Supply: Radial Recurrent Artery
Action: Flex forearm
Inserts at supracondylar ridge of the humerus to the lateral distal aspect of the radius
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.
Innervation: Radial Nerve
Blood Supply: Radial Artery
Action: Extend the hand at the wrist
Attaches to the 2nd metacarpal from the supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.
Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve
Blood Supply: Radial Artery
Action: Extend the hand at the wrist
Attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the 3rd metacarpal bone
Extensor Digitorum M.
Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Blood Supply : Interosseous Recurrent and Posterior Interosseous artery
Action: extend the hand at the wrist
Attaches to the lateral epicondyle and extends all the way down to digits 2-5
Extensor Digiti Minimi M.
Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Blood Supply: Interosseous Recurrent Artery
Action: extend hand at wrist
Attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and extends all the way to the 5th digit insertion
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle
Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Blood Supply: Ulnar Artery
Action: extends hand at wrist
Attaches to the lateral epicondyle to the 5th digit on posterior side
Extensor Indicis Muscle
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous Artery
Action: extend hand at wrist
Attaches to the posterior aspect of the distal ulna and attaches to the 2nd digit via aponeurosis till the tip
Abductor Pollicis Longus (Outcropping muscle) M.
Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous Artery
Action: abduct the pollex (thumb)
Attaches from the distal end of the radius all the way to the base of the 1st metacarpal of the pollex
Extensor Pollicis Brevis M. (Outcropping Muscle)
Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous Artery
Action: Extend the pollex (thumb)
Attaches from the posterior end of the radius all the way to the base of the 1st proximal phalanx
Extensor Pollicis Longus M. (Outcropping Muscle)
Innervation: posterior interosseous Nerve
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous Artery
Action: Extend the pollex (thumb)
Attaches from the posterior end of the radius to the 1st distal phalynx of the pollex (thumb)
