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Anatomy 1 > Upper ext > Flashcards

Upper ext Flashcards

1
Q

the clavicle is made up of?

A

1.Sternal end articulates with the manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint
2.Acromial end articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint
Elongated S curvature increases resilience
Boundary for cervico-axillary canal providing protection to neurovascular bundle of the upper extremity

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2
Q

The function of parts of the Clavicle

A
  1. Clavicle- connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton
  2. Elongated S curvature increases resilience
  3. Boundary for cervico-axillary canal providing protection to neurovascular bundle of the upper extremity.
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3
Q

Where is the scapula is located?

A

located between the 2nd and the 7th rib

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4
Q

The scapula is made up of what parts?

A 
Suprascapular notch3
        Subscapular fossa 7
        Supraspinous fossa 9
        Infraspinous fossa 10
        Spine of scapular 8
	Medial border  5
	Lateral border 4
	Glenoid cavity 6
	Acromion 1
	Coracoid process 2

All come so lets make good sex so so in

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5
Q

Which border is the thickest in the scapular and what articulates with the head of the Humerus

A

The lateral border is thickest

Glenoid cavity articulates with the head of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint.

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6
Q

What are the parts of the Humerus

A 
Head of humerus
	Greater tubercle
	Lesser tubercle
	Surgical neck
	Radial groove
	Medial and lateral epicondyles
	Capatulum
	Trochlear
	Coronoid fossa
	Olecranon fossa
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7
Q

Important Landmarks of the humerus

A
  1. Largest bone in upper limb

2. Radial groove for the radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

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8
Q

Compoonents of the Ulna bone

A

Olecranon Process
coronoid process
Styloid process

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9
Q

Important landmarks of the Ulna bone

A

Medial
Stabilizing bone of the forearm
Shaft is thick but tapers distally
Coronoid process of ulna fits to Trochlear of Humerus

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10
Q

Components of the Radius bone

A

Head of radius

styloid process

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11
Q

Important landmarks of the radius

A

Lateral to ulna and shorter
Shaft gradually enlarges as it passes distally
With pronation of forearm radius crosses ulna

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12
Q

NAme the Anterior axio-Appendicular muscles

A

Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor
Serratus Anterior
Subclavius

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13
Q

Action of pectoralis major

A

Adducts/medially rotate the shoulder

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14
Q

Innervation of pectoralis Major

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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15
Q

Action of pec minor

A

Stabilizes the scapular

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16
Q

Innervation of Pec Minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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17
Q

Serattius anterior

A

Holds scapular to the thoracic wall

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18
Q

Serratus anterior innervated by?

A

Long thoracic nerve

*only nerve that runs on top of the muscle that it innervates!

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19
Q

TRapezius(Shrugging muscle)

A

Superior portion- elevates; inferior portion-depresses; middle portion

retracts scapula

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20
Q

TRapezius Innervation

A

Spinal Accessory nerve

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21
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Extends (arm), adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint

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22
Q

Levator Scapulae/action/Innervation

A

Elevates scapula/Dorsal scapular nerve

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23
Q

Rhomboid Minor, Rhomboid Major action and innervation

A

Retract and fix scapular to thoracic wall /Dorsal scapular nerve

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24
Q

Deltoid (3 parts)

action and innervation

A

Flexes, medially rotates shoulder; abducts shoulder joint; extends and laterally rotates shoulder

axillary nerve

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25
Supraspinatus action and innervation
Abduction of the shoulder, rotator cuff muscle suprascapular nerve
26
Infraspinatus action and innervation
Laterally rotates shoulder joint, rotator cuff muscle Suprascapular nerve
27
Teres Minor action and innervtion
Laterally rotates shoulder cuff, rotator cuff muscle | Axillary nerve
28
Teres major act and inn
Adducts and medially rotates the shoulder joint | Inferior subscapular nerve
29
Subscapularis act and inn
Medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint, rotator cuff muscle Superior and inferior subscapular nerves
30
Biceps brachii act and inn
Supinates forearm and flexes elbow joint Musculocutaneous nerve
31
Brachialis act and inn
Flexes elbow Musculocutaneous nerve
32
Coracobrachialis act and inn
Flex and adduct shoulder joint Musculocutaneous nerve
33
Triceps brachii act and Inn
Extends elbow Joint Radial Nerve
34
Pronator Teres act and Inn
Pronates and Flexes forearm/ Median nerve
35
Flexor Capi Radialis act and inn
Flexes and abducts hand at wrist/ Median nerve
36
Palmaris Longus act and inn
Flexes hand at wrist/ Median nerves
37
Flexor carpi ulnaris act/inn
Flexes and adducts hand at wrist/ Ulnar nerve
38
Flexor digitorum superficialis act/inn Intermediate anterior
Flexes wrist joint; flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints Median nerve
39
Flexor digitorum profundus act/inn deep anterior
Flexes wrist joint, flexes distal interphalangeal joints (2nd-5th) Median nerve Ulnar nerve
40
Flexor pollicis longus deep anterior
Flexes wrist; flexes thumb/Median nerve
41
Pronator quadratus deep anterior
Pronates forearm | Median nerve
42
Brachioradialis superficial posterior
Weak flexion of elbow joint Radial nerve
43
Extensor carpi radialis longus superficial posterior
Extend and abduct wrist joint Radial nerve
44
Extensor carpi radialis brevis superficial posterior
Extend and abduct wrist joint Radial nerve
45
Extensor digitorum superficial posterior
Extend wrist joint; extend medial 4 fingers Radial nerve
46
Extensor digiti minimi superficial posterior
Extends wrist joint; extends 5th finger Radial nerve
47
Extensor carpi ulnaris | superficial posterior
Extends and adducts wrist joint | Radial nerve
48
Supinator Deep posterior forearm
Supinates forearm radial nerve
49
Abductor pollicis longus
Extends wrist; abducts and extends the thumb | Radial; nerves
50
Extensor pollicis longus
Extends wrist, extends thumbs | Radial nerve
51
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extends wrist; extends thumb | Radial nerve
52
Extensor Indices
Extends wrist joint; extends 2nd finger Radial; nerve
53
Median Nerve | Hand
Abducts thumb Opposes thumb Flexes thumb Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints of the 2nd-4th fingers
54
Ulnar Nerve | Hand
Adducts thumb Abducts 5th finger Flexes 5th finger Opposes 5th finger towards thumb
55
Radial Nerve | Hand
Extends fingers and thumb
56
For the effect of muscle relaxant, what should you watch for
Watch for thumb adduction
57
FYI
Ulnar nerve is medial to ulnar artery
58
Roots comprise of?
anterior rami of C5-T1; pass between anterior and middle scalene muscles
59
Trunks
Named in relation to each other
60
Divisions
: anterior divisions supply the anterior (flexor) compartments of the upper limb. Posterior division supply the posterior (extensor) compartments of the upper limb.
61
Cords
: named for their position in relation to the axillary artery
62
Branches From Roots and innervation Brachial plexus
Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)---Rhomboid major/minor; levator scapulae muscles Long Thoracic Nerve (C5-C7)__Serratus anterior muscle
63
Branches from the Trunk and innervation Brachial plexus
Suprascapular Nerve (Superior trunk/ C5-C6)------Supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles Nerve to Subclavius (Superior trunk/ C5)---Subclavius muscle
64
branches from the lateral cord and innervation | Brachial plexus
Lateral Pectoral Nerve (C5-C7)--Pectoralis major muscle
65
branches from medial cord and innervation | brachial plexus
Medial Pectoral Nerve (C8-T1)---Pectoralis major and minor muscles Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve (C8-T1)----Sensory to the medial side of the arm Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve (C8-T1)---Sensory to the medial side of the forearm
66
Branches from the posterior cord and innervation Brachial Plex
Superior Subscapular Nerve (C5-C6).....Subscapularis muscle. Thoracodorsal Nerve (C7-C8).......Latissimus dorsi Inferior Subscapular Nerve (C5-C6)....Subscapularis and teres major muscles
67
Nerve)Terminal Branches anterior compartment of arm
Musculocutaneous:pierces the coracobrachialis muscle, supplies innervation to brachialis and biceps brachii then continues as purely sensory nerve as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Median:follows the brachial artery, distal branch of the axillary artery Ulnar:Courses behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus bone.
68
Nerve)Terminal branches posterior compartment of arm
Axillary Nerve: Enters posterior compartment through the quadrangular space formed by the teres minor, teres major, humerus and long head of the triceps brachii. Radial Nerve: Enters posterior compartment through the triangular interval formed by the teres major, humerus, long head and lateral head of the triceps brachii.
69
Nerve)Terminal Branches anterior compartment Forearm
Radial Nerve: joins up and follows the radial artery along lateral aspect forearm Ulnar Nerve: joins up with ulnar artery along medial anterior aspect forearm Median Nerve: follows course of common interosseous artery (branch of ulnar artery
70
Terminal branches posterior compartment forearm
Radial Nerve: Deep branch of the radial nerve becomes posterior interosseous nerve
71
Long thoracic nerve injury(Terminal Branches of Brachial plexus) sensory and motor
Paralysis of serratus anterior results in medial border of scapula to protrude away from body “winged scapula
72
Musculocutaneous nerve injury(Terminal Branches of Brachial plexus) Sensory/motor
Lateral surface of forearm/ Paralysis of coracobrachialis, biceps, brachialis impaired flexion and supination of forearm
73
Axillary nerve injury(Terminal Branches of Brachial plexus) | sensory/motor
Lateral surface of shoulder/ Shoulder weakness, especially with abduction
74
Radial nerve injury(Terminal Branches of Brachial plexus) | sensory and motor
Posterior surface of forearm, posterior thumb and first 2 ½ fingers (not distal joint)/ Paralysis of triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, extensors of the wrist and fingers “wrist drop” (unopposed flexors)
75
Median nerve injury(Terminal Branches of Brachial plexus)ensory and motor
Anterior thumb, palmer surface, anterior first 2 ½ fingers, posterior distal joint of first 2 ½ fingers Loss of thumb opposition, decreased abduction of thumb, loss of flexion of proximal and distal interphalangeal joints “pope’s blessing” or “ape hand”
76
Ulnar nerve injury(Terminal Branches of Brachial plexus) | sensory and motor
Medial surface of hand/palm. Medial 1 ½ fingers. Loss of flexion at 4th and 5th fingers, loss of thumb adduction, loss ability to oppose and abduct 5th finger “claw hand”
77
Artery supply upper ext
Subclavian artery axillary artery brachial artery four terminal branches(Subclavian artery goes through and end in brachial (SAB) Ulnar artery Radial Artery Anterior interosseous artery Posterior interosseous artery
78
when does the Subclavian artery become the brachial artery
AFter the Teres Major to the distal portion of the cubital fossa
79
What does the Dorsal scapular artery branch from
Direct branch of the subclavian artery.
80
What location is the Profunda Brachii
Branches off the Axillary artery
81
Ulnar,Radial arteries
Ulnar and Radial arteries provide collateral blood supply to hand (palmar arch)
82
Anterior and Posterior Interosseous arteries
provide blood supply to anterior and posterior divisions of the interosseous membrane
83
location of arteries in relation to nerves are
Note location of arteries in relation to nerves: Radial artery radial nerve Ulnar artery ulnar nerve Anterior interosseous artery median nerve Posterior interosseous artery posterior interosseous nerve (deep branch of the radial nerve)
84
What is the venous System setup upper ext
Palmer and dorsal venous networks basilic (medial) and cephalic (lateral) veins Median cubital vein Basilic vein becomes axillary vein Cephalic vein empties into axillary vein Axillary vein subclavian vein

Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

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