Untitled Deck Flashcards
What event marked the beginning of English dominance at sea?
The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 established England as a rising world power.
What led Henry VIII to break from the Catholic Church?
Henry VIII’s desire for a male heir and the Pope’s refusal to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon led to the establishment of the Church of England.
Why did Elizabeth I choose not to marry?
Elizabeth I believed marriage would give her husband power, threatening her rule and potentially dividing her kingdom.
What motivated English citizens to migrate to America?
Economic hardship, religious persecution, and the promise of land and a better life motivated English citizens to seek opportunities in America.
What was the first English colony and what happened to it?
Roanoke was the first English colony, established in 1585, but it mysteriously disappeared by 1590.
What was the first successful English colony in America?
Jamestown, established in 1607, was the first successful English colony due to its strategic location and tobacco cultivation.
What was the primary motivation for establishing Plymouth?
Plymouth was created for religious freedom, while Jamestown was primarily established for economic gain.
What cash crop made Jamestown successful?
Tobacco became the highly profitable cash crop that made Jamestown successful.
What was indentured servitude?
Indentured servitude was a system where individuals worked for a number of years in exchange for passage to America, food, and shelter.
When did slavery begin in the American colonies?
Slavery began in the American colonies in 1619 when a ship brought African slaves to Jamestown.
What was the significance of Bacon’s Rebellion?
Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676 highlighted the instability of relying on indentured servitude, leading to an increase in African slavery.
What were joint-stock companies?
Joint-stock companies were groups of businessmen who pooled resources to fund the establishment and operation of colonies.
Why was Georgia founded?
Georgia was founded to shelter and reform debtors and criminals, providing a second chance for those imprisoned for unpaid debts.
What is mercantilism?
Mercantilism is an economic theory encouraging nations to accumulate wealth through trade surpluses and control of colonies.
What is a cash crop?
A cash crop is a crop grown for sale and profit rather than for personal consumption.
What were the Salem Witchcraft Trials?
The Salem Witchcraft Trials in 1692 resulted in the execution of 20 people and ended when spectral evidence was discredited.
What is spectral evidence?
Spectral evidence was used in the Salem trials to accuse individuals of witchcraft based on claims of their spirits appearing to others.
What is mass hysteria?
Mass hysteria is a collective, irrational fear that spreads quickly through a group, leading to false accusations and panic.
What are modern examples of mass hysteria?
Modern examples include panic over public health issues like COVID-19 and the spread of conspiracy theories.
Who was Massasoit?
Massasoit was the Wampanoag chief who helped the Pilgrims survive their first winter and participated in the first Thanksgiving.
What was the difference between Massasoit’s reign and Metacomet’s War?
Massasoit’s reign was mostly peaceful, while Metacomet (King Philip) led a violent resistance during King Philip’s War.
What was the significance of John Peter Zenger’s trial?
Zenger’s trial in 1735 set a precedent for freedom of the press, arguing that truth should be a defense against libel.
Why did colonists use Irish labor instead of enslaved Africans?
Colonists sometimes used Irishmen as cheaper labor compared to enslaved Africans.
What is salutary neglect?
Salutary neglect refers to the British policy of loosely enforcing regulations in the American colonies.