UNIVERSE Flashcards
How old is the Universe?
13.8 Billion Years
How old is the Earth / Solar System?
4.5 - 4.6 years old
Any explanation of the origin of the Universe should be consistent with all information about its what?
composition, structure, accelerating expanision, and cosmic microwave background radiation
The Universe comprises what?
space and time, and all matters and energy in it
What percentage is the Universe made of?
4.6% baryonic matter, 24% cold dark matter, and 71.4% dark energy
What is the 4.6% baryonic/ordinary matter?
consisting of protons, electrons, neutrons: atoms, planets, stars, galaxies, nebulae, and other bodies
What is the 24% cold dark matter?
A matter that has gravity but does not emit light
What is the 71.4% dark energy?
Source of Antigravity
3 abundant elements?
Helium, Lithium, and Hydrogen
A galaxy is a cluster/s of what?
A cluster of billion of stars and cluster of galaxies from superclusters
The galaxy is an organization of matter in the universe that suggests that it is indeed clumpy at a certain scale. But at a large scale, it is?
Homogeneous and Isotropic
The diameter of the universe is possibly _________ but should be at least _________.
The diameter of the universe is possibly INFINITE but should be at least 91 billion light years
Who and what year was the discovery of “Redshift” was announced?
Edward Hubble in 1929
The “Redshift” became an evidence predicted in what theory?
Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity
It is the interpretation that galaxies are moving away from each other. It is also the displacement of spectral lines toward longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum) in radiation from distant galaxies and celetial objects.
Redshift
the interference that the star or galaxy must be moving away from each other
Redshift
It was accidentally discovered in 1964 by Arno Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson which earned a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a?
Electromagnetic radiation left over from an early stage stage of the Big Bang cosmology
There is what radiation in the universe?
pervasive cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation
They believe in many gods and myths which narrate that the world arose from an infinite sea at the first rising of the sun
Ancient Egyptians
What country narrates that the gods punished Purusha, the primal man whose head, feet, eyes, and mind became the sky, earth, sun, and moon respectively?
India
What are the 3 monotheistic religions claim that a supreme being created the universe, including man and organisms?
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
A model that was rejected by the discovery of CMB?
Steady-State Model
Who proposed Steady-State Model and what year was it proposed?
Bandi, Gold, and Hayle proposed the model in 1948
In Steady State Model, matter is _______ as the Universe expands?
constantly created
In Big Bang Model, matter ________ as the Universe expands
dilutes
It is the currently accepted theory of the origin and evolution of the universe
Big Bang Theory
Big Bang Theory postulates that ______…
13.8 billion years ago, the universe expanded from a tiny, dense, and hot mass to its present size and much cooler state
The Big Bang Theory explains?
how the elements were initially formed the formation of different elements involved many nuclear reactions
What are the nuclear reaction/s formed in the Big Bang Theory?
Fusion, Fission, and Radioactice Decay
5 Key Stages of Big Bang Theory?
Singularity, Inflation, Nucleosynthesis, Recombination, and Annihilation
A point in space and/or a movement in time where the universe was infinitely hot and dense
Singularity
It is a theory of exponential expansion of space and in early universe. Its inflationary epoch lasted from 10^-36.
Inflation
It is a process that creates new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons, primarily protons and neutrons
Nucleosynthesis
refers to the epoch at which charged electrons and protons first became bound to form electrically neutral hydrogen atoms
Recombination
In physics, reaction in which a particle and its antiparticle collide and disappear, releasing energy
Annihilation
