UNIT VI. SELF AND FILIPINO SOCIETY Flashcards
is a statement that requires an in-depth discussion.
“Madaling maging tao, mahirap magpakatao”
To be a ___ requires beyond being a biological man
human person
is a person but not per se a human person that can create a positive result towards society.
Human being
is not simply defined using the dictionary. This viewpoint aims to revisit and challenge our perception of human nature; and the possibility of achieving a productive society through the actualization of a person’s highest potential.
Man
is a combination of - physical, spiritual, emotional, and intellectual attributes.
A human person
described the humans as a rational being. As a rational or thinking being, a person can know, reason out, and apply what he knows.
Aristotle and Boethius, philosophers,
maintains that man is a being who thinks and wills.
Socrates
A substance of physical and spiritual is how the ___ describe a human person.
theologians
because man has a soul and is created by a Superior Being with divine purpose.
Spiritual in nature
because a person is created with body and faculty that correspond to his/her relationship with society.
Physical in nature,
, they define a human person as a living, self-conscious animal, or a thing.
In dictionaries
Eddie Babor discussed in his/her book “The Human Person, Not Real But Existing” that a human person has several characteristics, among which are the following
- Rational
- Unique
- Free
- Social being
- Sexual
Every person is a rational being. This is characteristic is what differentiates us humans from all other beings in the world. Also, as a rational being, a person has the liberty to do what they want, to think and to reason. They can decide which is right and which is wrong because they are intellectual being
- Rational –
every person is unique in their own way. Each person has their own identity; thus, we can say that no two persons are the same. Generally speaking, human beings have the same or similar characteristics and physical features, but no two persons are the same because each of them have different opinions, perceptions, set of values and priorities in life.
- Unique –
All human beings are born free. They are free to do or not to do specific action.
However, every person must be responsible for his/her action. In other words, a person can do whatever he/she pleased but not to the extent of harming his/her co-creatures.
- Free -
Every person is intrinsically a social being. He/she cannot detach his/her “being “from others and all other creatures in the universe. Human nature is characterized by their togetherness and relationship towards other creatures; be it a thing, object, or their fellowman.
- Social being –
All created living things are sexual but the uniqueness of expression of a person’s sexuality makes it all different. The person’s expression of emotions, attitudes, feelings, actions, and thoughts in a sexual activity best exemplify their uniqueness from animals.
- Sexual –
, the capacity and ability to reason, reflect and relate to their co-existence
freedom
Dimension as self
- physical
- intellectual
- Moral
- Spiritual
Dimension in community
- Social
-family
-societ - Economic
- Political
Dimension: Physical
Values:
Health
Dimension: Intellectual
Values:
Truth
Dimension: Spiritual
Values:
Spirituality
Dimension: Social
Values:
Social responsibility
Dimension: Economic
Values:
Economic Efficiency
Dimension: Political
Values:
Nationalism
Physical Fitness, cleanliness, harmony with the material universe, beauty, and art
Health –
Knowledge, creative and critical thinking
Truth –
Integrity/honesty, self-worth/self-esteem, personal discipline
Love –
Faith in God
Spirituality –
Social Responsibility–
Mutual Love/respect, fidelity, responsible parenthood, concern for others/common good, freedom/equality, social justice/respect for human rights, peace/active non-violence, popular participation
–Thrift/conservation of resources, work ethics, self-reliance, productivity, scientific and technological knowledge, vocational efficiency, entrepreneurship
Economic Efficiency
Common identity, national unity, the esteem of national heroes, commitment, civic consciousness/pride, “Bayanihan”/solidarity, loyal to the country
Nationalism –
International understanding and cooperation
Global Solidarity –
The person as a whole is best explored in the field of
humanistic psychology.
This study theorized that a person’s behavior and relationship with others is shaped by his/her inner feelings and self-image.
humanistic psychology.
is one of the foundations of humanistic psychology. His theory on hierarchy of need
The theory of Abraham Maslow
These are biological needs such as food, water, and clothing. These are the most important needs because once person is deprived of these, a person will ultimately find a way to fulfill the satisfaction of this need.
- Physiological Level –
When physiological needs are met, the person transcends in finding security and protection from physical and emotional harm
- Safety –
When the needs for physiological and safety had been satisfied, the desire for affection, belonging, friendship can become active. Maslow states that people seek to overcome the feeling of loneliness and alienation.
- Social and Belongingness –
there are two esteem needs: (1) The self-esteem that includes achievement, mastery, confidence, and (2) the esteem the person gets from others which include recognition, respect, attention, etc. the person feels self-confident. They feel valuable when these needs are satisfied. On the other hand, the person may feel inferior, weak, helpless
- Esteem -
there are two esteem needs: (1) The self-esteem that includes achievement, mastery, confidence, and (2) the esteem the person gets from others which include recognition, respect, attention, etc. the person feels self-confident. They feel valuable when these needs are satisfied.
(1) The self-esteem that includes achievement, mastery, confidence, and (2) the esteem the person gets from others which include recognition, respect, attention, etc. the person feels self-confident. They feel valuable when these needs are satisfied.
It is the highest form of motivation. This need was described by Maslow as the need to reach the person’s peak potential
- Self-Actualization –
pointed out that a person must satisfy the first other lower needs before he can realize his/herself-worth and potential
Maslow’s theory
He theorized that the driving force of human personality is their own self-actualization. Thus, a person cannot appreciate intellectual and aesthetic learning when the person is hungry, and his/her safety is difficult to obtain.
Abraham Maslow
believed that every person has within him an inherent desire towards a positive transformation and development of his/her capacity. Furthermore, he came to believe that man is good and inherently possesses a seed of goodness no matter how imprudent his/her actions are.
Carl Rogers, (1902-1987) person-centered therapy theory
explained that persons themselves are the only ones able to change the direction of their lives and which path to take. The therapist’s role is to act as a “sounding board” while the person himself explores and analyzes his/her problem
theory of person-centered therapy of Carl Rogers
is the best qualified in changing and directing his/her life. He has always been given an alternative to whether to do or not to do an act but this action should be accompanied by responsibility.
person himself
allow their innate positive values to transform further and realize that by understanding his/herself is the best way he can effectively relate to others.
Self-actualized persons
The word “value” was derived from the Latin word ___ which means to be strong and vigorous.
“valere”
This proceeds from the premise that a human person has to have strength or valor in every endeavor. It is the basis on which his/her strength in facing the challenges of life should be directed.
Value/ Valere
would define values as “things, persons, ideas or goals which are important to life; anything which enables life to be understood, evaluated, and directed.”
Dr. Tomas Q. D. Andres (1989)
defines value as “whatever is liked, prized, esteemed, desired, approved, or enjoyed by anyone at any time. It is the experience of enjoying a desired object or activity. Hence, value is an existing realization of desire.”
Edgar Sheffield Brightman
would be the standards or principles for which an act is judged to be what is right or wrong, correct, or incorrect As such, this is the standard set for each member of the community as to what is desirable. In other words
values of society
give meaning and direction to every individual’s life and influence his/her human behavior.
, values in society
are the standards or principle that was set by the Filipino society which is the basis for what is right or wrong, the standards or principles that every member of the Filipino society should strive to attain to reach the ultimate realization of their life, regarding their person and about their family and society in general.
Filipino Values
- Pagkamaka-Diyos
- Faith in the almighty
- Respect for life
- Order
- Work
- Family-oriented
- Pagkamaka-Tao
- Love
- Freedom
- Peace
- Truth
- Justice
- Pagkamaka-Bansa
- Patriotism
- Unity
- Respect for law and government
- Equality
- Equity
- Promotion of the common good
- Pagkamaka-Kalikasan
- Respect for the environment
- Care of creation
- Balance of ecology
The following are some examples of the best Filipino values:
- Pagkamaka-Diyos
- Pagkamaka-Tao
- Pagkamaka-Bansa
- Pagkamaka-Kalikasan
because it influences a Filipino’s behavior in particular, and shaping the Philippine Society in general.
Filipino Values
Among those who influenced the Filipino culture and values are our
ancestors - the Malays and Indones, our colonists – the Spaniards and the Americans, and nationals of other countries who have dealt with the Philippine society through trade – the Chinese and the Indians.
make the most dominant of the Filipino values.
The rich Christian values of Europe, the pragmatic and democratic values of America, and the spiritual values of Asia blend together
is considered to be the basic unit of the Filipino society.
Family
is where the values and principles are nurtured and imbibed to each membe
Family
of the said constitution provides that “The State recognizes the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation.”
Article XV, Section 1
is introduced to the concept of structure and hierarchy of power.
Filipino individual
is structured in a way that autocratic leadership rests on the elder members, where the young submit themselves to the decision of family elders. He is indoctrinated with the tradition of the primacy of the emotional economic, and moral support is the family.
The Filipino family
identifies himself with his/her family. Right from childhood, he is made to believe that he belongs to the family.
The Filipino individual
is always encouraged to get advice from his/her parents and submit to his/her parents’ direction, counsel, and advice. He is admonished to be good because any disgrace that he commits is a disgrace to the family, in times of misfortune, he is assured of his/her family’s support, sympathy and love.
The Filipino individual
Thus, ___ in contrast with Western societies, prefers a rather “structured” way of life, and not where he can be assertive of his/her individuality.
Filipino society,
is one of the well-known characteristics of a Filipino. Foreigners, who come visit the Philippines, cannot help themselves from falling in love with the warm hospitality shown to them by the locals. It’s a different kind of value system, which has existed for thousands of years.
Hospitality
This is often observed by people of all ages, regardless of their age.
- Respect
- Children respect elders by saying “po” and “opo”, which mean “yes” when answering their elders.
- Children or young adults also show respect by putting their elders’ hands on their foreheads
- Filipinos also show respect at work by making a bow to their employers
- Respect
Families are important to Filipinos. It is not rare to keep the family intact for generations.
- Strong Family Ties and Religious
- Religion is also important and creates a strong bond marking God as the center of their lives so they go and pray to church together.
- Families make sure to have quality time together especially after a day’s work. Just watching television or eating a family meal will be valued and prioritized in everybody’s schedules.
- Strong Family Ties and Religious
Filipinos are generous people. We don’t hesitate to help someone in need even when we don’t have much ourselves.
- Generosity and Helpfulness
- During special occasions such as birthdays or “fiestas” –parties when people from other places visit your home to celebrate with you – there are lots of foods specially prepared for everyone! Friends, family, friends of friends, and even strangers can gather and they are always willing to share food and help out.
- Filipinos are always ready to help a neighbor when they are in need.
- Generosity and Helpfulness
Yes, we are hardworking people to the point that we are willing to work almost the whole day just to feed our families. That’s how Filipinos are.
- Strong Work Ethic
- One example of a hardworking person is a farmer. They earn so little but they still work very hard for not much compensation.
- Filipinos always find creative ways to earn a living, like creating a small business from their home where they sell foods or other items for the convenience of their neighbors.
- Strong Work Ethic
This is so true! Filipinos are the sweetest and most loving people in the world. I’m not just saying this because I’m a Filipino; if you know us well, you will soon figure this out.
- Love and caring
- Men are so sweet and romantic when it comes to love. They will send their beloved flowers, bring her to a very romantic place, text her sweet quotes, and tell often how special she is to them.
- Filipino women are also romantic and very caring which often makes foreigners want to marry them. Women tend to prepare dinner before their husband comes home. They are loving, and value the relationship, always staying faithful to their husbands. They love deeply and sincerely.
- Love and caring
An attitude of “what goes around comes around” or “come what may”. We tend to surrender our future to fate. We often accept bad news or circumstances without trying to stop or change them. This can sometimes be helpful in adversity, but it can also keep us from finding ways out of situations. Also, constantly expecting the worst can get pretty depressing.
- Fatalism/ Bahala na:
are a religious group of people by nature. They continue to believe in supernatural beings and in different kinds of spirits dwelling in individual person, places, or things. They believe in a Supreme Being who will take care of things for them.
Filipinos
is very religious who has a saint to pray to each day of the week.
Filipino
The term bahala na comes from the words
Bathala na.
It reflects the Filipino’s dependence on the supernatural being and fate. This tends to move toward the commonly conceived procrastination character of the Filipino
Bathala na./ Bahala na
- Is very widespread in politics. People insist on pushing each other down in order to make way for their gain. Along the election season, we see a lot of politicians ruining each other. This also happen among regular people. I think it goes to the point of selfishness.
Crab mentality:
: Most Filipinos even those in poverty are fond of branded imported items and they think that anything American or Western made are superior while anything locally made is inferior. It even extends to the physical appearance and pedigree.
- Colonial Mentality
Good example: The Filipino entertainment industry is loaded with mestizos or half-white/half-Filipino wherein the mestizos get the lead role while the more native-looking actor ends up either in maid roles or comedian or villains. Also, the prevalence of whitening products and cosmetic surgeries or procedures designed to change the natural Southeast Asian look of a Filipino/s.
- Colonial Mentality
, the altruistic drawing of interior goodness of a person by returning a debt of gratitude, is by itself positive. However, when one is coerced to honor a debt of gratitude and return the favor, then it becomes negative.
The value of utang na loob
There is no specific translation that can approximate the meaning of this Filipino value of ___. Debt of gratitude is a lean excuse for a translation because it does not even approximate the fertile concept of the Filipino value of
Utang na Loob
is a situation where an individual is required to return a favor or service received. However, the return of such service or favor cannot be translated into monetary equivalent and may be reciprocated in a month of service or even a lifetime.
Utang na loob
- Camaraderie and feeling of closeness to one another, the foundation for unity as well as a sense of social justice
- Pakikipagkapwa-tao
- The feeling of belongingness and rootedness and a basic sense of security
- Family Oriented
- Emotional balance, optimism, a healthy disrespect for power and office and the capacity to survive
- Joy and Humor
- Productivity, innovation, entrepreneurship, equanimity, and survival
- Flexibility and Adaptability
- Productivity and entrepreneurship for some and survival despite poverty for others
- Hard work and Industry
- Courage, daring, optimism, inner peace, as well as the capacity to genuinely accept tragedy and death
- Faith and Religiosity
- Bravely live through the harshest economic and social circumstances
- Ability to Survive
- Leads to graft and corruption
- Extreme Personalism
- Lack of concern for the common good and acts as the block of national consciousness
- Extreme Family Centeredness
- Inefficient and wasteful work systems, violation of rules leading to more serious transgressions and casual work ethics leading to carelessness and lack of follow-through
- Lack of Discipline
- Easily designed to one’s fate and thus easily oppressed and exploited
- Passivity and Lack of Initiative
- The basic feeling of national inferiority that makes it difficult for them to relate as equal to Westerners.
- Colonial Mentality
- Dampening of cooperative and community spirit and in the trampling upon the rights of others.
- Kanya-kanya Syndrome
- Emphasis on form more than substance
- Lack of Self-Analysis and Self-Reflection
These are biological needs such as food, water and clothing that include achievement, mastery, confidence and the esteem the person gets from others
Physiological Level
. The unbroken determination to exercise free choice as well as self-restraint.
Will
It means to be strong and vigorous.
Valere
The basic social unit in the Philippine society
Family
An attitude of “what goes around, comes around” or “come what may”.
Fatalism/Bahala na
This is prevalent in politics where people tend to push each other down to clear the way for their gain.
Crab Mentality
Most Filipinos, even those in poverty, are fond of branded imported items and they think that anything American or Western made are superior while anything locally made is inferior.
Colonial Mentality
A situation where an individual is required to return a favor or service received.
Utang na loob
The ability to merge one’s identity with that if another person.
identity
Things, persons, ideas, or goals which are important to life; anything which enables life to be understood, evaluated, and directed.
Values
