Unit Two, Topic 3 Flashcards
Selective Breeding
when people choose specific plants with particular characteristics and encourage these plants to reproduce
Genes
genetic material of a plant that controls its characteristics
Sexual Reproduction
involves the production of seeds and fruits from specialized cells of two plants
involves the production of seeds and fruits from specialized cells of two plants
vegetative reproduction
The term for a parent plant growing new plants from its own roots, stems, or leaves is called
is vegetative reproduction
When a plant reproduces vegetatively, the young plants are…
identical to the parent plants
Cones
the part of the tree that has a series of woody scales
Ovules
eggs in female cones
the process of pollen travelling to the female cone is called
pollination
What kind of flowers attract insects and other animals?
Large flowers with bright colours
How do animals pollinate flowers?
While feeing on the flower’s nectar
The male part of a flower is called the
stamen
the female part of a plant is called
the pistil
The stamen and pistil are surrounded by
petals and sepals
What are sepals
green flaps underneath the flower
The brightly coloured parts of the flower are called
petals
The sticky part of the pistil is called
stigma
The tube connecting the stigma and the ovary is called
style
the tiny chamber at the bottom of the style is called
ovary
The stalk part of a stamen is called
filament
The tip of the stamen is the
anther
What does the anther do?
produce pollen
Ovary
swollen base of pistil containing ovules
What two examples of plants self-pollinate?
Wheat and barley
Self-pollinating means
the sperm fertilizes the eggs in the same plant
cross pollination occurs when
wind or animals carry pollen from one flower to another
Embryo
the tiny plant living inside a seed
the growing ovary of a plant that swells and protects the developing seeds of a plant until they are ripe
fruit
Germination
the development of a seed into a new plant
How many different varieties of apples are grown around the world?
7500
How do trembling aspens reproduce?
vegetatively by producing new plants from their roots
What percentage of the world’s flowering plants are found in Canada?
20,000
The longest lasting seed was how old?
10,000 years
How do growers creates “seedless” grapes?
they manipulate the plant by changing special chemicals called hormones as the plant grows
How does keeping bees help farmers?
bees help pollinate flowers
what is a fruit
is the growing ovary of the plant that swells and protects the developing seeds of a plant until they are ripe.
what are the steps of a seed formation
- pollination occurs when a pollen grain lands on the stigma
- a pollen tube grows sown the style into the ovary and enters an ovule.
- a sperm travels down the tube to fertilize one egg. One sperm fertilizes one egg.
