unit 2 topic 2 Flashcards
we need to understand the structure of plants and how they adapt so that we can…
match the plants with conditions where they can grow well
roots perform several important function:
they absorb water and minerals from soil;
they support and anchor the plant so that it is not blown over by wind or washed away by water; and
they are store food. to help the plant survive during times of scarcity
what is a taproot
a single prominent root with numerous small roots coming out of it
what is an example of a taproot
a carrot
what are root hairs
tiny hairs that cover the small roots coming out of a tap root. They increase the plant’s ability to absorb water and nutrients
what is a fibrous root
This is a shallow system of similar sized roots that can quickly soak up moisture
what is diffusion
The weakness particles on a gas or liquid to become evenly distributed by moving from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser condensation
what is osmosis
Is a type of diffusion in which only some types of particles are allowed to pass through a barrier.
what is Chlorophyll
A pigment in plants that makes leaves green
what is photosynthesis
The process by which plants make their own food using the sun
what is respiration
The process in which oxygen is used to get energy from food. take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide at night.
what is differentially permeable
cells that allow some materials to pass through while keeping others out such as water and nutrients
what is heartwood
is a dead wood in the centre of the tree. It gives the tree its strength
what is xylem
carries water and nutrients from the roots up to the leaves. As new layers develop, the inner layers die and become heartwood
what is the cambium
is the growing part of the trunk. Each year the cambium produces new phloem and xylem
what is phloem
is the layer of cells that carries sugars from the leaves tot he rest of the tree. As these cells die, they become part of the outer bark
what is the bark
Is the woody skin that stops a tree from dying out. It protects and insulates the tree.
what is the relationship among the xylem and phloem
plants have two different types of transport tissue, xylem transports water and solutes from the roots to the leaves. Phloem transports food and sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant
what is the relationship among diffusion and osmosis
they both allow roots to absorb water and dissolve substances.
what is the relationship among chlorophyll and photosynthesis
chlorophyll helps the leaf turn into photosynthesis it works best when when chlorophyll is at the top
what is the relationship between root crop and tuber
the relationship between root crop and tuber is that they are both roots and help each other in their growing process.
explain the relationship between stomata and photosynthesis
photosynthesis takes place near the top surface of the leaf where the sunlight is strongest. Gas exchange occurs through stomata
What is the advantage of having most of the chlorophyll in cells near the top of the leaf?
The advantage of having chlorophyll in a leaf it makes the plant healthy looking, and makes it a little stronger than dieing right away. `
what is the function of the stem
to hold up the plant and transfer water, nutrients, and sugar throughout the plant.
