Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Unit Two - Organelles Test > Flashcards

Unit Two - Organelles Test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the difference between plant and animal cells?

A

P - have chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a large central vacuole
A - have lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of nucleus

A

Stores DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of golgi body

A

Delivers and modifies protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

Makes ATP (energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Function of ribosomes

A

Make proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Function of rough ER

A

Covered with ribosomes
Protein sysnthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Function of smooth ER

A

Makes fats
Store calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Function of chloroplasts

A

Where photosynthesis happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Function of vacuoles

A

Store water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Function of lysosomes

A

Contains acid
Breaks down food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of cell membrane

A

Controls what goes in and out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of cytoskeleton

A

Hollow tubes that act like highways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of cytoplasm

A

Jelly-like substance in a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which of these is polar? Hydrophobic fatty acid tails or hydrophilic heads

A

Hydrophilic heads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of these is nonpolar? Hydrophobic fatty acid tails or hydrophilic heads

A

Hydrophobic fatty acid tails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Likes water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Doesn’t like water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Selectively permeable membrane

A

Only certain molecules are able to pass through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Isotonic

A

Equal inside and outside of cell
Cell stays the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hypertonic

A

Outside has more solvent than inside
Cell shrinks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hypotonic

A

Inside has more solvent than outside
Cell expands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of molecules from high to low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

When proteins help molecules move

24
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water

25
Q

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

A

A - requires water
P - doesn’t require water

26
Q

Endocytosis/Phagocytosis
Is it active or passive transport?

A

E/P - When the cell engulfs food
Active transport

27
Q

What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?

A

A - can make their own food
H - only get energy from consumption of food

28
Q

ATP

A

The energy molecule for cells

29
Q

What are the three parts of the structure of ATP?

A

3 phosphate groups
ribose
adenine

30
Q

How does ATP release energy and form ADP?

A

they lose a phosphate group

31
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

32
Q

What is a pigment?

A

molecules that absorb light energy

33
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

main pigment in plant cells
reflects green light
absorbs blue and red light

34
Q

Why are plants green?

A

because chlorophyll reflects green light

35
Q

Why do leaves change colors?

A

because chlorophyll stops being created as often due to the temperature

36
Q

What is produced during the light dependent reactions?

A

ATP and O2

37
Q

Where do the light dependent reactions take place within the chloroplasts?

A

take place in the thylakoid membrane

38
Q

What is produced during the Calvin cycle?

A

Glucose

39
Q

Where does the Calvin cycle take place within the chloroplasts?

A

takes place in the stroma

40
Q

What is ATP synthase? How does it create ATP?

A

a protein that spins and attaches a phosphate to ADP, creating ATP

41
Q

What are three different factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis?

A

color of light
amount of light
amount of CO2

42
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A

when sugars are broken down to create ATP

43
Q

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

A

C6H126O2 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

44
Q

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

A

glycolysis
krebs cycle
electron transport chain

45
Q

What happens during glycolysis?

A

glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvic acid molecules

46
Q

Where does glycolysis take place within a cell?

A

cytoplasm

47
Q

How many ATP molecules are produced at the end of glycolysis?

A

2 ATP

48
Q

Where do the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur within a cell?

A

mitochondria

49
Q

How many ATP molecules are produced during the Krebs cycle?

A

2 ATP

50
Q

How many ATP molecules are produced during the electron transport chain?

A

32 ATP

51
Q

How many ATP molecules are produced at the end of cellular respiration?

A

36 ATP

52
Q

Is cellular respiration an aerobic or anaerobic process? Why?

A

Aerobic because it requires oxygen

53
Q

Is fermentation an aerobic or anaerobic process? Why?

A

Anaerobic because it breaks down sugar in the absence of oxygen

54
Q

What are the two types of fermentation?

A

alcoholic
lactic acid

55
Q

What are two differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A

P - in chloroplasts / makes sugar
C - in mitochondria / breaks down sugar

56
Q

True or False
Plants can perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Why?

A

True
Because they contain both mitochondria and chloroplasts

Biology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions