Biodiversity Short Answer Flashcards
What are the three levels of biodiversity?
genetics
species
ecosystem diversity
What is an invasive species? Give an example of an invasive species in MN.
an introduced species that spreads out and often has harmful effect
Buck Thorn
What is a biodiversity hotspot? Give an example of a biodiversity hotspot.
biogeographic region that is significant reservoir of biodiversity and threatened with destruction
Himalayans
What is a keystone species?
species whose role is essential for the survival of many others
What is an endemic species?
species that are found in a specific location and nowhere else on Earth
What is an indicator species?
species which give us a look at the current health of the environment
What does extirpated mean?
missing from areas they had originally occupied
Explain the greenhouse effect and how it causes global climate change.
solar radiation is reflected by the Earth
most of the solar radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gas molecules
when the number of greenhouse molecules rises too much
What are two types of greenhouse gases?
carbon dioxide
methane
Explain how angiosperms reproduce through pollination. Be sure to mention what part of the flower produces pollen grains and where the pollen grains land on the flower.
pollen grains, produced on anthers, reach the stigma and sen pollen tube down into ovary
as pollen tube penetrates the ovule, it releases two sperm cells
when sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, a seed for a new plant is formed
What are the four different kingdoms of living things in the domain eukarya?
sponges
cnidarians
mollusks
arthropods/echinoderms
What are the three different domains of living things?
plant
fungi
animal
Bryophytes: Vascular or nonvascular?
nonvascular
Bryophytes: Seed or seedless?
seedless
Bryophytes: Examples
mosses
liverworts
hornworts
Ferns: Vascular or nonvascular?
vascular
Ferns: Seed or seedless?
seedless
Ferns: Examples
horsetail
ferns
club mosses
Gymnosperms: Vascular or nonvascular?
vascular
Gymnosperms: Seed or seedless?
seeds
Gymnosperms: Examples
conifers
cycads
ginkgoes
Angiosperms: Vascular or nonvascular?
vascular
Angiosperms: Seed or seedless?
seeds
Angiosperms: Examples
grasses
wildflowers
flowering trees
Xylem and phloem are the two types of vascular tissues. What does the xylem transport? What does phloem transport?
xylem: water
phloem: nutrients and sugars
Why did some plants evolve to produce seeds?
protect the plant’s embryo
can be dispersed farther than spores
Give two reasons why species diversity is highest in the tropics or along the equator?
receives more solar energy
less seasonal variations
What are two instrumental values that biodiversity has? Why is biodiversity important to humans?
sources for food and raw materials
sources for medical and pharmaceutical
How is the arrangement of vascular tissue in a cross section of a stem different between a monocot and a dicot?
monocot: no pattern
dicot: arranged in a ring shape
How are the leaf veins different between a monocot and a dicot?
monocot: parallel
dicot: web-like
List three types of fungi
common mold
sac fungi
club fungi
How do fungi obtain their energy?
digest food outside of body then absorb it
What is the fruiting body of fungi?
reproductive structure growing from the mycelium in the soil beneath
What are cordyceps?
parasitic fungi that infects insects
