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ALAT > Unit Two Exam: Ch 5 - 10 > Flashcards

Unit Two Exam: Ch 5 - 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of “sanitization”?

A

The reduction of the number of microorganisms on a surface or object

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2
Q

If a chemical ends in “-cide,” what kind of chemical is it?

A

A disinfectant

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3
Q

What type of cage washer is best used for cleaning large numbers of smaller pieces of equipment such as rodent cages, or feed bowls?

A

A tunnel washer

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4
Q

What is NOT necessarily true about cleaning animal rooms?
A- the animals may need to be removed from the room during cleaning
B- each room should have its own set of cleaning equipment
C- every animal room should be cleaned once per week
D- cleaning and sanitization logs should be filled out after cleaning the room

A

C- every animal room should be cleaned once per week

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5
Q

Why are vermin a problem in animal rooms?

A

They can spread disease to the laboratory animals

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6
Q

What must be done before disinfecting an object with bleach?

A

Debris and organic matter must be removed

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7
Q

What is the most sensitive method to monitor autoclave effectiveness?

A

Using a biological indicator

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8
Q

What are the three processes used to either remove or kill microorganisms

A

Sanitization, disinfection, sterilization

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9
Q

What precautions must be taken when autoclaving a liquid substance in a bottle?

A

Liquid containers should not be tightly sealed or completely filled because the liquid will expand as the temperature rises

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10
Q 
Which of the following is an item that should never be autoclaved?
A- surgical instrument
B- hard plastic mouse cage
C- flammable liquid
D- cloth gowns
A

C- flammable liquid

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11
Q

What should you do if you notice that one of the safety valves on the cage washer is not working correctly?

A

Tell your supervisor immediately

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12
Q

Which Biosafety cabinets are known as “glove boxes”?

A

Class III

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13
Q

Cleaning assessment using a RODAC (replicate organism detection and counting) plate, involves:
A- microbial growth in a nutrient medium
B- mixing a chemical with swab samples in the room to test for bacteria
C- a magnetic measurement of gravitational pull on surfaces
D- pH strips which indicate the types of microbial growth on surfaces

A

A- microbial growth in a nutrient medium

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14
Q

Which equipment is often used on loading docks to decontaminate items such as bags of feed and bedding?

A

Mister

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15
Q

Which equipment can be used to decrease the incidence of ergonomic injuries associated with handling water bottles?

A

Automated watering system

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16
Q

In an automated watering system, what device mechanically lowers the water pressure for delivery to the individual cages?

A

Pressure reducing station

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17
Q

What can happen if a drinking valve in a rodent cage remains stuck in the open position?

A

The cage will flood

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18
Q

How does a laminar flow cabinet protect the worker who is changing the cage?

A

Air in the cabinet does not exit out the front

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19
Q

A lack of dietary iron can cause what disease?

A

Anemia

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20
Q

What kind of caging creates a barrier at the cage level, allowing greater control of the individual age environment?

A

Microisolation

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21
Q

What are squeeze cages used for?

A

Restraining the animal within its cage

22
Q

What type of animals are usually housed in a squeeze cage?

A

Nonhuman primates and hoof stock

23
Q

Which of the following statements about the size of animal caging is FALSE?
A- an animal must have at least enough room to stand up, lie down, and turn around
B- the size of the floor space includes area occupies by food and water containers
C- the size of the cage is usually based on the animal’s body weight, and other parameters
D- the Guide and the AWR describe minimum cage sizes for most species

A

B- the size of the floor space includes areas occupied by food and water containers

24
Q

Which statement is TRUE about individually ventilated cages?
A- bottled water cannot be used with individually ventilated caging systems
B- they cannot be used for biocontainment studies
C- if the ventilation fails, carbon dioxide levels can rise inside the cages and asphyxiate the animals
D- they encourage an exchange of microbes between cages, so extra precautions must be taken

A

C- if the ventilation fails, carbon dioxide levels can rise inside the cages and asphyxiate the animals

25
Q

What should be done to rodent shipping containers when they are received?

A

Spray them down with disinfectant

26
Q

In general, what type of cage is used to house groups of animals of the same species together?

A

Group

27
Q

What is the meaning of the word “microenvironment”?

A

The environmental conditions within an animal’s cage or pen

28
Q

What type of animal housing room is usually kept cooler than rodent housing rooms?

A

Rabbit rooms

29
Q

Adult mice in rooms that are too warm (>80F) can suffer from:

A

Heat stress

30
Q

What is one problem associated with high humidity in an animal room?
A- food can spoil more quickly
B- breeding can be affected
C- bedding may need to be changed less often
D- animals may suffer from dermatitis

A

A-Food can spoil more quickly

31
Q

What happens when you open the door to a negative pressure room?

A

Air rushes into the room from the hall because the pressure is higher in the hallway

32
Q

What type of room in an animal facility would be kept under positive pressure?

A

Surgical suite

33
Q

What is the reason rodents or rabbits are not fasted prior to surgery?

A

They cannot vomit

34
Q

How often should watering devices, such as sipper tubes and water valves, be checked to ensure they are in working order?

A

Daily

35
Q

What is the worst possible outcome if a rack of animals is disconnected from their water supply?

A

They could die

36
Q

How often should soiled bedding be removed and replaced?

A

As often as necessary to keep the animals clean and dry

37
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of dehydration?
A- shaggy fur
B- skin tenting
C- sunken eyes
D- smooth fur
A

D- smooth fur

38
Q

Laboratory animals are provided with environmental enrichment in order to:

A

Reduce boredom

39
Q 
Which of these devices should be considered a form of environmental enrichment?
A- automated watering systems
B- indirect bedding
C- resting boards 
D- pelleted feed
A

C- resting boards

40
Q

Which of the following is NOT a reason to keep clear, accurate records of daily room checks?
A- inspectors, such as AAALAC site visitors or USDA inspectors, may ask for them
B- if there is a problem with the heating or ventilation, records can help pinpoint when the problem began
C- animal rooms must be checked every day and paperwork is used to monitor the checks
D- the AVMA requires daily room check records to be kept

A

D- the AVMA requires daily room check records to be kept

41
Q

Taurine is an essential amino acid for what animal?

A

Cats

42
Q

Proteins are made from which molecules?

A

Amino acids

43
Q

What is the most important nutrient?

A

Water

44
Q 
Which is NOT a function of fat?
A- to store energy
B- to store fat-soluble vitamins
C- to help build certain hormones
D- to provide essential amino acids
A

D- to provide essential amino acids

45
Q

Which animal must have vitamin C supplied in its diet?

A

Guinea pig

46
Q

Skin tenting is a sign of what problem?

A

Dehydration

47
Q

What type of diet, when fed to rodents, does not wear down their teeth and may allow their teeth to overgrow?

A

Ground feed

48
Q

Newborn _____ do not have brown fat and are therefore highly susceptible to hypothermia

A

Pigs

49
Q

After the animal room has entered its dark cycle, the lights should not be turned on because:

A

Physiological changes can occur in the animals

50
Q

Which environmental conditions are likely to cause the most rapid breakdown of vitamin C in stored feed?

A

Hot and humid

ALAT (40 decks)

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