Chapter 2: The Animal Research Environment

Question 1

What is the primary source of the standards and guidelines for laboratory animal care and use in the United States?

Answer 1

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Question 2

What is a federal mandate that covers all live vertebrates used or intended for use in research, research training, experimentation, biological testing, or for related purposes?

Answer 2

PHS Policy

Question 3

What is written instructions approved by management and used to perform a routine activity?

Answer 3

Standard operating procedure

Question 4

What is a document written by the Principal Investigator and approved by the IACUC, that describes and justifies the use of animals for a project?

Answer 4

Animal use protocol

Question 5

What are Regulations developed by the Food and Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency to validate and document the processes of safety testing?

Answer 5

Good Laboratory Practices

Question 6

According to the Animal Welfare Act, list the three types of members who must sit on the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Answer 6

1- a veterinarian with experience in laboratory animal care
2- a Public member and represent the community
3- a practicing scientist experienced in research involving animals

Question 7

List five components of an animal care and use program for which the Guide describes standards

Answer 7

1- personnel qualifications and training
2- occupational health and safety
3- veterinary care
4- animal enrichment, housing and management
5- animal procurement and transportation

Question 8

The appropriate use of analgesics in postsurgical animals would apply to which of the 3 Rs principles?

Answer 8

Refinement

Question 9

According to the Guide and PHS Policy, what document must institutions comply with when animals are euthanized?

Answer 9

The AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia

Question 10

List two common alternatives to using animals for research studies

Answer 10

1- cell cultures

2- mathematical models

Question 11

Beyond food, water, shelter, and healthcare requirements, the AWA and AWRs require that dogs have the opportunity for ________ and nonhuman primates have _________ enrichment.

Answer 11

Exercise

Psychological

Question 12

List three differences between the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Act

Answer 12

1- PHS covers all live vertebrates used or intended for use in research
2- PHS requires an occupational health and safety program
3- PHS requires all federal grant recipients to comply with the US Goverment Principles

Question 13

What is an Institutional unit that ensures compliance with the Good Laboratory Practices

Answer 13

Quality Assurance Unit

Question 14

Who is a nonprofit organization that accredits a laboratory animal research programs

Answer 14

Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International

Question 15

Who is an Institutional body that oversees and evaluates an animal care and use program

Answer 15

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee

Question 16

Who is a body that administers and enforces the PHS Policy

Answer 16

Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare

Question 17

Who is a body that administers and enforces the Animal Welfare Regulations

Answer 17

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Question 18

Using 100 mice in a research study instead of 150 would be an example of which of the 3 Rs?

Answer 18

Reduction

Question 19

Some institutions may have to comply with the PHS Policy but not the Animal Welfare Act and Regulations and vice versa. other institutions must comply with both. List two factors that help determine which regulations are relevant to a particular research study.

Answer 19

1- the species of animal used

2- the funding sources