Chapter 27: Ruminants Flashcards
What are ruminants?
Herbivores that use a 2-stage digestive process and have a 4-compartment stomach
What is the scientific name for sheep?
Ovis aries
What is the scientific name for goats?
Capra hircus
What is the scientific name for cattle?
Bos taurus
What is the term for a male sheep?
Ram
What is the term for a male goat?
Buck
What is the term for female cattle?
Cows
What is the term for female sheep?
Ewe
What is the term for male cattle?
Bulls
What is the term for a female goat?
Doe
What is the term for a young juvenile sheep?
Lamb
What is the term for a neutered male goat?
Wether
What is the term for a young juvenile goat?
Kid
What is the term for a young bull or cow?
Calf
Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic organism sometimes present in sheep that causes a disease called _________
Q fever
When a sheep carries C. burnetii, the highest concentration of the organism is present in which tissues?
Reproductive tissues, such as amniotic fluid/sac, placenta and uterus
What are the precautions that should be taken to prevent exposure to C. burnetii?
N95 mask, gloves, and other PPE
What is tipping?
A method of restraint for sheep
When alarmed or frightened some ruminants tend to scatter and some tend to flock. What do sheep usually do?
Sheep flock together
What do goats do when alarmed or frightened?
Goats scatter apart
What is the primary source of enrichment for sheep?
Social interaction with other sheep
In male sheep and goats, what behavior is common for establishing social hierarchy?
Head-butting
Name two types of research for which sheep and goats are commonly used
1- cardiovascular
2- fetal development
If a sheep is considered open faced and has clean limbs, what does this mean?
No wool on face or limbs
Which of the following statements is true about goats?
A- goats will eat any type of feed and can be fed from the ground
B- goats are very selective about their food; it must be clean and fresh
C- goats prefer to eat only hay
D- goats frequently overeat, but it is not a problem that must be monitored
B- goats are very selective about their food; it must be clean and fresh
True or false
Fencing requirements for goats is the same as for sheep
False
The period where the female is ina position that allows the bull to mount her for breeding is called:
Standing estrus
What is the best way to approach a cow?
From the side, right behind their shoulder
Which statement is true about the vision of cows?
A- they have a wide-angle vision, and a blind spot directly behind them
B- they have a narrow frame of vision, and a blind spot directly in front of them
C- they have only black and white vision, and a blind spot directly in front of them
D- they have wide-angle vision, with no blind spot
A- they have wide-angle vision, and blind spot directly behind them
List three signs of pain or distress for cattle:
1- not eating/drinking as usual
2- isolate from group
3- make unusual vocalizations
What is silage?
Fermented mix of corn and roughage
List 3 types of identification that can be used for cattle
1- tattoos
2- eat/neck tags
3- freeze/heat branding
Which of the following could be used for environmental enrichment for cattle? A- cow brushes B- large balls C- climbing structures D- fresh fruit
A- cow brushes
