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ALAT > Chapter 27: Ruminants > Flashcards

Chapter 27: Ruminants Flashcards

1
Q

What are ruminants?

A

Herbivores that use a 2-stage digestive process and have a 4-compartment stomach

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2
Q

What is the scientific name for sheep?

A

Ovis aries

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3
Q

What is the scientific name for goats?

A

Capra hircus

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4
Q

What is the scientific name for cattle?

A

Bos taurus

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5
Q

What is the term for a male sheep?

A

Ram

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6
Q

What is the term for a male goat?

A

Buck

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7
Q

What is the term for female cattle?

A

Cows

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8
Q

What is the term for female sheep?

A

Ewe

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9
Q

What is the term for male cattle?

A

Bulls

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10
Q

What is the term for a female goat?

A

Doe

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11
Q

What is the term for a young juvenile sheep?

A

Lamb

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12
Q

What is the term for a neutered male goat?

A

Wether

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13
Q

What is the term for a young juvenile goat?

A

Kid

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14
Q

What is the term for a young bull or cow?

A

Calf

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15
Q

Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic organism sometimes present in sheep that causes a disease called _________

A

Q fever

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16
Q

When a sheep carries C. burnetii, the highest concentration of the organism is present in which tissues?

A

Reproductive tissues, such as amniotic fluid/sac, placenta and uterus

17
Q

What are the precautions that should be taken to prevent exposure to C. burnetii?

A

N95 mask, gloves, and other PPE

18
Q

What is tipping?

A

A method of restraint for sheep

19
Q

When alarmed or frightened some ruminants tend to scatter and some tend to flock. What do sheep usually do?

A

Sheep flock together

20
Q

What do goats do when alarmed or frightened?

A

Goats scatter apart

21
Q

What is the primary source of enrichment for sheep?

A

Social interaction with other sheep

22
Q

In male sheep and goats, what behavior is common for establishing social hierarchy?

A

Head-butting

23
Q

Name two types of research for which sheep and goats are commonly used

A

1- cardiovascular

2- fetal development

24
Q

If a sheep is considered open faced and has clean limbs, what does this mean?

A

No wool on face or limbs

25
Q

Which of the following statements is true about goats?
A- goats will eat any type of feed and can be fed from the ground
B- goats are very selective about their food; it must be clean and fresh
C- goats prefer to eat only hay
D- goats frequently overeat, but it is not a problem that must be monitored

A

B- goats are very selective about their food; it must be clean and fresh

26
Q

True or false

Fencing requirements for goats is the same as for sheep

A

False

27
Q

The period where the female is ina position that allows the bull to mount her for breeding is called:

A

Standing estrus

28
Q

What is the best way to approach a cow?

A

From the side, right behind their shoulder

29
Q

Which statement is true about the vision of cows?
A- they have a wide-angle vision, and a blind spot directly behind them
B- they have a narrow frame of vision, and a blind spot directly in front of them
C- they have only black and white vision, and a blind spot directly in front of them
D- they have wide-angle vision, with no blind spot

A

A- they have wide-angle vision, and blind spot directly behind them

30
Q

List three signs of pain or distress for cattle:

A

1- not eating/drinking as usual
2- isolate from group
3- make unusual vocalizations

31
Q

What is silage?

A

Fermented mix of corn and roughage

32
Q

List 3 types of identification that can be used for cattle

A

1- tattoos
2- eat/neck tags
3- freeze/heat branding

33
Q 
Which of the following could be used for environmental enrichment for cattle?
A- cow brushes
B- large balls
C- climbing structures
D- fresh fruit
A

A- cow brushes

ALAT (40 decks)

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