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ALAT > Unit Four Exam: Ch 15-17 > Flashcards

Unit Four Exam: Ch 15-17 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the OPPOSITE meaning of the prefix “hyper”?

A

Less than

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2
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “endo”?

A

Inside

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3
Q

What is the OPPOSITE of the prefix “micro”?

A

Large

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4
Q

What is the meaning of the root “cyto”?

A

Cell

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5
Q

What is the basic unit of weight in the metric system?

A

Gram

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6
Q

How many centimeters are in a meter?

A

100

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7
Q

How many millimeters are in a cubic centimeter?

A

1

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8
Q

One milligram is equal to how many pounds?

A

2.2

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9
Q

What is 32F in the Celsius scale?

A

0 C

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10
Q

What is normal human body temperature in the Celsius scale?

A

37 C

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11
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Two or more atoms bonded together

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12
Q

What is the meaning of “CO2”?

A

One carbon atom bound to two oxygen atoms

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13
Q

What does the pH of a solution refer to?

A

Degree of acidity

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14
Q

A solution with a pH of 8 is slightly:

A

Basic

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15
Q

A solution with a pH of 2 is very:

A

Acidic

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16
Q

If a bottle of cleaner has a pH of 10, you should:

A

Use heavy gloves and eye/face protection when handling it

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17
Q

You are preparing a 1:4 dilution of substance A. The final volume is 400 ml. What is the volume of substance A you need?

A

100 ml

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18
Q

You are preparing a 1:3 dilution of substance B. You will use 10 ml of substance B. What is the final volume?

A

30 ml

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19
Q

The document that clearly defines the use of animals in the study is called the:

A

Animal use protocol

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20
Q

When can experimental work with animals begin?

A

When the animal use protocol has been approved by the IACUC

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21
Q

In a research experiment, which group of animals receives the experimental treatment?

A

The experimental animals

22
Q

In a research study, what is the control group?

A

The group of animals that does not receive the experimental treatment

23
Q

Which of the following is NOT a factor that could have detrimental effects on a study?
A- errors in weighing an animal
B- showing favoritism toward certain animals
C- mixing up animal numbers in the records
D- recording animal weights correctly every day

A

D- recording animal weights correctly every day

24
Q

What is an animal model?

A

An animal that develops a disease or condition that affects humans

25
Q

What is applied research?

A

Research that attempts to answer practical problems about diseases

26
Q

What is the basic unit of inheritance called?

A

Gene

27
Q

What are the only types of cells in which the chromosomes are present but not paired?

A

Ova and sperm cells

28
Q

What is a gene made up of?

A

DNA

29
Q

When the gene is successfully used by the cell to make proteins and structures, the gene is said to be:

A

Expressed

30
Q

What is the animal’s observable characteristics including its physical appearance and internal physiology?

A

Phenotype

31
Q

What is a transgenic animal?

A

An animal that has foreign DNA inserted into its own set of DNA

32
Q

What is a knockout animal?

A

An animal that ha had a gene “turned off” by scientists

33
Q

In a pair of genes, the gene that is less easily expressed is said to be:

A

Recessive

34
Q

Why would a researcher want to use inbreeding?

A

To create a group of animal that is very similar genetically

35
Q

What type of animal contains altered DNA designed to turn on a specific gene?

A

A knock in animal

36
Q

Why would a researcher want to use harem mating?

A

To produce a large number of offspring in a short amount of time

37
Q

When does the female animal become receptive to mating?

A

During her estrus cycle

38
Q

What is the gestation period?

A

The time that the female is pregnant

39
Q 
Which of the following is a condition that technicians may commonly see in breeding rodent populations?
A- dystocia
B- blindness
C- diabetes
D- alopecia
A

A- dystocia

40
Q

Under what breeding scheme are pregnant females removed from the male’s cage with new, non-pregnant females being added to maximize production with the fewest number of overall breeders?

A

Harem mating

41
Q 
Transgenic animal’s have:
A- altered genes
B- recessive genes
C- congenital defects
D- a tendency toward mutation
A

A- altered genes

42
Q

What is the term used to describe the type of mouse that has a genetic mutation that prevents it from developing T lymphocytes?

A

A nude mice

43
Q

A spontaneous genetic mutation is:

A

Unplanned and occurs without human intervention

44
Q

What types of animals are highly susceptible to infections and need to be maintained under barrier conditions?

A

Immunodeficient animals

45
Q

Sorry are produced in which organ?

A

The testes

46
Q

Where does fertilization occur in amphibians?

A

Outside the female’s reproductive tract

47
Q

What is the release of eggs from an ovary called?

A

Ovulation

48
Q

What gland of male rodents produces a mucous plug that remains in the female rodent’s vagina?

A

Coagulating gland

49
Q

What is the breeding scheme called in which only unrelated or distantly related animals of the same stock are mated?

A

Outbreeding

50
Q

An inbred strain is established after how many brother-sister makings of mice?

A

20

ALAT (40 decks)

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