UNIT TEST: category 1 Flashcards
Defintions: Active Transport
The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy
Defintions: Passive Transport
The movement of small molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, NOT assisted by enzymes or requiring energy
Defintion: Covalent Bond
Bond between two non metal elements, can be polar or non polar. Sharing of electrons.
Defintion: Ionic Bond
Bond between 1 NM and one metal, does not have poalrity. Giving/recieving or electrons.
Defintions: Allosteric site
Site where inhibiter or activator can bond to. Not the same as the active site. Can increase affinity to susbtance or make inactive site active.
Definition: substrate
Substance on which an enzyme acts
Defintions: substrate-enzyme complex
When the subrate enters the active site of the enzyme, it makes a subrate enzyme complex.
Defintions: Polar vs non polar
Polar: Unequal sharing of electrons through covalent bonding causing positivly and negitively charged sides.
Non-polar: Equal sharing of electrons through covalent bonding
Definitions: Saturated fats vs unsaturated fates
Saturated: straight chains, no double or tripple bonds, solid at room temperature
Unsaturated: Chains with kinks, 1+ double bonds, liquid at room temperature
What uses active vs passive transport?
Active: gasses, small hydrophibic molecs, small polar molecs
Passive: large polar molecs, charged molecules
What is passive vs active transport
Passive: [high] to [low] through protien channel
Active: [low] to [high] using ATP
Structure of carbohydrates
Glycogen bonded at 1,4 C through gycocidic bonds
Structure of protiens
Amino acids bonding through peptide bonds at oppisate ends
Structure of lipids
Glycerol bonded to fatty acids through ester bonds
Structure of nucleic acids
Nucleotide (phosphate group, sugar, nitrogonous base) bonded using phosphodiester bonds
