L3: Carbohydrates Flashcards
What is the formula for carbohydrates?
(CH2O)n
What group do carbohydrates contain
Hydroxyl groups (making them polar)
What type of energy do carbohydrates produce?
Easily accessible energy
What are carbrohydrates made of?
Monosaccharides monomers bonded together covalenty with glycosidic linkage
What is a monosaccharide?
Class of sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to give simplier sugar
What are monomers?
Molecule that can be bonded with other identical molecule to form a polymer
Most common types of monosaccharides
1) Triose (eg. glyeraldehyde)
2) Pentose (eg. ribose, deoxyribose)
3) Hexose (eg. glucose, fructose)
What are the three types of glucose?
1) Dry glucose
2) Alpha glucose
3) Beta glucose
What happens when carbonyl interacts with hydroxyl
A ring is formed
What is formed when two monosaccarides are bonded together?
A disaccharide is made
What do different geometic isomers make?
Different disaccharides
What do many monosaccuride bonds cause?
Polysaccurides
How does glucose change with geometric isomers?
The structure of glucose will only differ in C1
Explain the difference of alpha glucose vs beta glucose
Alpha: 1st OH group oppisate to C6 (‘down’)
Beta: 1st OH group came side as C6 (‘up”)
What are sources of alpha glucose?
Glycogen: short term animal energy souce, many branches (fast to break down)
Starch: short term plant energy source, fewer branches (slower to break down)
