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Gr 11 Chemistry > Unit test 4- Solutions > Flashcards

Unit test 4- Solutions Flashcards

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1
Q

what is water

A

the universal solevant

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2
Q

homogenous mixture

A

2 distinct layers

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3
Q

solute

A

a substance that is lesser in quantity

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4
Q

solevant

A

a substance in the greater quantity

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5
Q

solution

A

a homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances (appear uniform)

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6
Q

aqueous solution

A

transparent and contains water

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7
Q

electrolyte

A

-a compound that dissolves in water producing a solution that conducts electricity
-a salt solution

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8
Q

miscible

A

2 substances mix to be heterogenous

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9
Q

immiscible

A

2 substances cannot mix together, form 2 seperate layers

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10
Q

surfactant

A

-lower liquid surface tension
-have both hydrophobic & hydrophilic parts

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11
Q

-hydrophobic
-hydrophilic

A

hydrophobic: interacts with dirt & oil
hydrophilic: interact with water

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12
Q

where is ppm used

A

-enviro. chemistry
ex: Reporting effects of toxic substances

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13
Q

what is the effects of heat on solubility of solids vs. gases

A

solids- greater solubility at higher temps

gases- lower solubility at higher temps

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14
Q

properties of acids

A

-start with H
-conduct electricity
-taste sour
-are corrosive
-react with metals to produce H2
*PH below 7
-litmus paper red

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14
Q

how does crystallization happen

A

rapid evaporation forms small crystals, slow evaporation forms large crystals

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15
Q

properties of Bases

A

-have hydroxide or carbonate in formula (produce OH- in water)
-taste bitter, feel slippery
-conduct electricity in solution
-PH above 7
-turn litmus paper blue

16
Q

acids

A

molecular compounds that ionization in H2O to form hydrogen ions H+

17
Q

ionization

A

formation of ions from an uncharged molecule

18
Q

bases

A

ionic hydroxide compounds that dissociate in H2O to produce OH-

19
Q

flaws to Arrhenius theory

A

-how Na2CO3 or NH3 can act like acids
-H+ ions don’t actually exist in water

20
Q

revisions to Arrhenius theory- acids

A

H+ ions react with H2O to produce H3O (hydronium ions)
–> strong acids react completely with water
–> weak acids react somewhat with water

21
Q

revisions to to Arrhenius theory- bases

A

–> strong bases dissociate in 100% in H2O producing OH- ions

–> weak bases produce less OH- ions

22
Q

what is Ph

A

-is a way of calculating the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
-power of hydrogen

23
Q

what is pH measured in

A

logarithmic scale

Gr 11 Chemistry (10 decks)

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