Unit 3 Test Flashcards
5 basic types of reactions
-synthesis
-decomposition
-combustion
-single displacement
-double displacement
what is a nuclear reaction
changes that occur within the nucleus of atom
*number of protons and neutrons change
*Involve large amounts of energy
What happens during nuclear reactions
Radioactive particles are unstable and decay
what types of radioactive decay is there
-alpha decay (alpha particles released)
-beta decay (beta particles released)
*extra energy released as gamma rays
what is fission
large nucleus splits into smaller nuclei
ex: nuclear power plants
What is fusion
smaller nuclei combining to form a larger nucleus
ex: H to He in the sun
what is a dissociation equation
when you put an ionic compound into water
what are total net ionic equations used for
reactions that occur in water
what are total ionic equations used for
show all high solubility ionic compounds in their dissociation form
what are net ionic equations used for
shows only ions or neutral substances involved in the overall chemical reaction
what is a limiting reagent
the reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction
what is an excess reagent
-the reactant that you have leftover
- should be atleast 10% extra to ensure all limiting reagents react
what does the limiting reagent determine?
determines how much of each product you can make
what indicated a limiting reactant problem
mass of both reactants given
what does theoretical yield predict
the amount of product predicted based on calculations from the balanced equation
what is actual yeild
the amount of product actually produced in the experiment
what is percent yield
the ratio expressed as a percentage of the actual amount of product divided by the max. possible amount of product
what are the mechanisms of chemical change
-kinetic molecular theory
-collison reaction theory
-catalyst
what is kinetic molecular theory
all matter is made up of particles in continuous random motion
what is collison reaction theory
-chem reactions involve collision and rearrangement of of atoms or groups of atoms
-if collisions occur with enough energy in the right orientation, reactions can occur
what is catalyst
a substance that speeds up chemical reaction without being permanently changed
what is water
a universal solevant
what is an ion that does not change called
spectator ion
what is mutallurgy
-extracting metals from their ore and processing them into useful form
-physical and chem process
