Unit 1 Test

Question 1

what is matter

Answer 1

anything with mass that takes up space

Question 2

what is a pure substance

Answer 2

all particles are the same

Question 3

what is a mixture

Answer 3

contains 2 or more pure substances

Question 4

whats is an element

Answer 4

cannot be broken down further

Question 5

what is a compound

Answer 5

contains 2 or more substances bonded together

Question 6

what is a solution

Answer 6

*homogeneous
-1 visible component

Question 7

whats a heterogeneous mixture

Answer 7

visibly contains 2 or more parts
ex:salad dressing

Question 8

physical property

Answer 8

description that doesn’t involve forming a new substance
ex: colour, odour, density

Question 9

chemical property

Answer 9

characteristics observed as it reacts (creating new substance)
ex: flammability, corrosion

Question 10

signs of chem change

Answer 10

-new colour
-heat or light produced
-bubbles of gas
-precipitate formed
-change in odour

Question 11

what does atomic # show

Answer 11

of protons in the nucleus

Question 12

what do periods tell

Answer 12

how many orbits needed

Question 13

what do groups tell

Answer 13

how many valence elctrons

Question 14

what is an isotope

Answer 14

atom of the same element that have different # of neutrons

Question 15

what is a cation

Answer 15

-when atom loses electron
-positively charged
ex: metals are cations

Question 16

what is an anion

Answer 16

-when atom gains an electron
-negatively charged
ex: non-metals are anions

Question 17

what is molar mass

Answer 17

the mass in grams per mole, of one mole of a substance
*measured in g/mol

Question 18

what is a radioisotope

Answer 18

-reactive isotope
-unstable and decay

Question 19

what do radioisotopes produce

Answer 19

-produce 2 or more smaller nuclei
-radiation

Question 19

what are radioisotopes used for

Answer 19

-dating fossils
-treat cancer patients

Question 19

what is a mass spectrometer used for

Answer 19

-identify isotopes
-proteins
-atmospheric pollutants
-drug testing in sports

Question 20

what is nuclear decay

Answer 20

radioactive substances that have broken apart and emit nuclear radiation

Question 21

whats an alpha particle

Answer 21

-positively charged
-structure of nucleus of a helium atom

Question 22

whats a beta particle

Answer 22

-negatively charged
-identicle to an electron

Question 23

whats a gamma ray

Answer 23

-neutral
-high energy, electromagnetic radiation

Question 24

what is an electron transition

Answer 24

when an atom is given energy, they can jump from ground state to a higher energy

Question 25

what is it called when an atom jumps to a higher energy level

Answer 25

excited state

Question 26

what happens when an electron falls

Answer 26

-light is emitted –> light corresponds to the amount of energy released

Question 27

what can we use to see coloured light

Answer 27

spectroscope

Question 28

what were flaws in bohrs atomic model

Answer 28

-electrons don’t travel in 2D circualr orbits
-each energy level is actually made up of sub levels

Question 29

what did heisenburg discover

Answer 29

uncertainty priciple –> its impossible to know both the position & speed of a particle at the same time

Question 30

where are electrons described to be

Answer 30

“probability electron clouds” –> orbitals

Question 31

what are the trends to the period table

Answer 31

-atomic radius
-ionic radius
-ionization energy
-electron affinity
-electronegativity

Question 32

how to calculate mass

Answer 32

protons-neutrons

Question 33

what are 3 rules for electron configuration

Answer 33

1. e- occupy lower orbitals first
2. orbital can hold 2 e- of opposite spin
3. e- in same sublevel will not pair up until all orbitals have atleast 1 e-

Question 34

what does isoelectronic mean

Answer 34

when ions have the same electron config. after losing or gaining e-