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Gr 11 Chemistry > Unit 2- Test > Flashcards

Unit 2- Test Flashcards

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1
Q

whats a molecular compound

A

pure substance formed between 2 nonmetals

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2
Q

what kind of bond can molecular compounds be

A

single bond
double bond
triple bond

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3
Q

what is bonding capacity

A

how many bonds an element needs to make

ex: C 4e- needs to make 4 bonds

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4
Q

what element goes in the middle when drawing structural formula

A

atom with highest bonding capacity

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5
Q

when does a coordinate covalent bond form

A

when both shared e- come from the same atom

ex: NH4

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6
Q

What are 3 properties of molecular compunds

A

-low melting point
-do not conduct electricity
-can be solids, liquids, or gases at room temp.

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7
Q

explain molecular compound property- low melting point

A

forces between separate molecules within substance are weak

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8
Q

explain molecular compound property- do not conduct electricity

A

do not dissociate in water (unlike ionic)

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9
Q

explain the consistency of a solid molecular compound & why its like that

A

soft, waxy, flexible
-molecules in solid can move relative to each other due to low attraction

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10
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

when 2 oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other

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11
Q

what do ionic compounds have…

A

fixed proportions of ions

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12
Q

what is a formula unit

A

simplest whole # ratio of atoms or ions in an ionic compound

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13
Q

how do ionic compounds arrange their atoms

A

crystal lattice
-cube where every atom is surrounded by an opposite charge

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14
Q

what are 4 properties of ionic compounds

A

-hard
-brittle
-high melting/boiling point
-electrolytes

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15
Q

explain ionic compound property- hard

A

strong attraction between cations and anions in crystal lattice

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16
Q

explain ionic compound property- brittle

A

when ions shift, ions with like charges line up and repel eachother resulting in substance breaking apart

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17
Q

explain ionic compound property- high melting/boiling point

A

strong electrostatic attraction between ions, must use lots of energy to break apart bonds

18
Q

explain ionic compound property- electrolytes

A

ions disassociate when dissolved in H2O

19
Q

what is a polar covalent bond

A

a covalent bond formed between atoms with different electronegativities

20
Q

ionic bond electronegativity difference

A

greater than 1.7

21
Q

polar covalent electronegativity diffrence

A

between 0.5-1.7

22
Q

non polar covalent electronegativity diffrence

A

less than 0.5

23
Q

what is a polar molecule

A

a molecule slightly positive at one end and slightly negative at the other end because of electronegativity difference

24
Q

what do hydrates decompose to

A

an ionic compound (anhydrous) and water when heated

25
Q

what do you measure ionic compounds in

A

formula units

26
Q

what do you measure molecular compounds

A

molecules

27
Q

whats a intramolecular force

A

forces between atoms WITHIN a compound

28
Q

whats a intermolecular force

A

attractive force BETWEEN molecules

29
Q

what are the 3 basic kinds of intermolecular forces

A

-dipole-dipole
-london dispersion
-hydrogen bonds

30
Q

what is a dipole-dipole force

A

-attractive force between polar molecules
*The positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of other molecules

ex: H-Cl…HCl

31
Q

what is a london dispersion force

A

-attractive force between ALL molecules
-ONLY force a nonpolar molecule has
–> caused by the movement of e- so molecules with more e- have more LD forces

32
Q

What is a hydrogen bond force

A

*stronger version of dipole-dipole
-Force between +ve H and highly electronegative F,O, or N
-what gives H2O special properties

33
Q

what is the law of definite proportions

A

a specific compound always contains elements in the same proportions by mass

34
Q

what is empirical formula

A

the simpliest whole # ratio of atoms or ions

35
Q

what is molecular formula

A

express the actual number of atoms or ions in one formula unit or compound/molecule

36
Q

what does ending “ic mean”

A

bigger charge

37
Q
A
38
Q

what is the “main” ion ending

A

ATE

39
Q

1 more oxygen endjng

A

per ate

40
Q

1 less oxygen ending

A

ite

41
Q

2 less oxygen ending

A

hypo ite

Gr 11 Chemistry (10 decks)

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