Unit one:Biology Flashcards
Write the function for the following cell parts:
Cell Wall
Provides support and protection for the cell
Write the function for the following cell parts:
Nucleus
DNA carries coded instructions for all cell activity
Write the function for the following cell parts:
Vacuole
Can include storage of nutrients, removal of unwanted substances
Write the function for the following cell parts:
Mitochondria
Site of cellular resppiration - a process that changes glucose into a form of energy that’s usable by cells
Write the function for the following cell parts:
Golgi bodies
Cllect and process materials to be removed from the cell
Write the function for the following cell parts:
Cell membrane
Supports the cell
Which organelles are present in a plant cell that are NOT present animal cell
Chloroplasts and cell wall
Write the stage of cell cycle that corresponds to the following event
Chromosomes line upp in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
Write the stage of cell cycle that corresponds to the following event
Chromosomes condense and shorten
prophase
Write the stage of cell cycle that corresponds to the following event
DNA replicates
interphase
Write the stage of cell cycle that corresponds to the following event
Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
anaphase
Write the stage of cell cycle that corresponds to the following event
Cytoplasm seperates
Cytokinesis
Write the stage of cell cycle that corresponds to the following event
Nuclear membrane dissapears
Telophase
Explain/describe the difference between a malignant and benign tumour
Benign:Non Cancerous Tumour
Malignant: Canerous Tumour
Diagnosing Cancer
Explain the causes of cancer
changes to genes that control cell growth and division.
Diagnosing Cancer
- Used to screen for colon cancer
- Made of light, camera
- Camera is used to allow the doctor to look for abnormal groups of cells
Endoscopy
Diagnosing Cancer
- Used to view bones and lungs
- Can cause DNA damage
X-Ray
Diagnosing Cancer
- Uses ultra high frequency
Ultrasound
Diagnosing Cancer
noninvasive imaging procedure that uses X-rays to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body
CT scan or CAT scan
- noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses radio waves and strong magnets to create images of the body’s internal structures
- produces detailed images of almost every internal structure in the human body, including the organs, bones, muscles and blood vessels
MRI
- a procedure to remove a sample of tissue or tumour from the body for examination under a microscope
Biopsy
Diagnosing Cancer
- Uses ultra high frequency
Ultrasound
Diagnosing Cancer
- a type of imaging that uses X-ray techniques to create detailed images of the body
CT or CAT scan
Diagnosing Cancer
- a non-invasive medical imaging test that uses radio waves and a magnetic field to create detailed pictures of the body’s internal structures
- uses a large magnet, radio waves and a computer to produce these detailed images. It doesn’t use X-rays (radiation).
MRI
Diagnosing Cancer
- a medical procedure that involves removing a tissue or fluid sample from the body for examination
Biopsy
Treatments for cancer
- a procedure that removes cancerous tissue from the body. It’s most effective when the cancer is contained in one area.
Surgery
Treatments for cancer
- a cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
- side effects from include: Nausea: upset stomach. Fatigue: intense exhaustion. Hair loss: loss of hair on the scalp and other parts of the body.
Chemotherapy
Treatments for cancer
- uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells or slow their growth.
Radiation/radiotherapy
- a process of exposing blood to ultraviolet (UV) light rays to stimulate the immune system to destroy any and all pathogens, no matter if they are viral, bacterial or fungal
- involves using light to examine tumors and destroy cancer cells.
Biophotonics
Levels of Organization
Most basic unit of all living things
Cell
Levels of Organization
Groups that work together to do the same function
Tissue
Levels of Organization
Tissues that work together to do the same function
Organ
Levels of Organization
Organs that work together to do the same thing
Organ Systems
Circulatory system
- aka erythrocytes
- make up ~50% of blood volume
- Bright red, no nucleus
- Contain a protein called hemoglobin
- Hemobglobin picks up and carries oxygen and CO2
Red blood Cells
Circulatory system
- Aka leukocytes
- make up 41% of blood volume
- Fight and destroy bacteria and viruses
- Are actually colourless
White blood cells
Circulatory system
- Aka thrombocytes
- make up 4% of blood volume
- Cell fragments that help the blood clot, seal wounds, and stop bleeding
Platelets
Circulatory system
- thick and muscular to withstand from blood flow
- Take blood AWAY from the heart
Arteries
Circulatory system
blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart
Veins
Circulatory system
- Walls are one cell thick
- Connection between arteries and veins
- Thin walls allow oxygen and nutrients to easily diffuse from blood into walls
Capillaries
Organ system disorders
inflammation in your colon
Colitis
Organ system disorders
a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high
diabetes
Organ system disorders
caused by the buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the walls of the heart arteries.
Coronary artery disease
Organ system disorders
a serious medical emergency in which the supply of blood to the heart is suddenly blocked, usually by a blood clot
Heart Attack
Organ system disorders
a contagious bacterial disease that usually affects the lungs. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or spits.
Tuberculosis
Organ system disorders
a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D.
osteoporosis
Organ system disorders
a chronic disease that affects the central nervous system. It occurs when the body’s immune system attacks the protective coating of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. This damage disrupts communication between the brain and the bod
multiple sclerosis
Organ system disorders
damage to the brain that can be caused by a number of internal or external factors
brain injury
