Unit ? Learning

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience

Question 2

Habituation

Answer 2

Decreased responses to repeated stimulation

Question 3

Associative Learning

Answer 3

Learning that certain events occur together

Question 4

Cognitive Learning

Answer 4

Learning through consciously trying to learn and remember information

Question 5

Classical Conditioning

Answer 5

A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events

Question 6

Behaviorism

Answer 6

The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Question 7

Unconditioned Stimulus

Answer 7

Unlearned, natural response to the unconditioned stimulus

Question 8

Unconditioned Response

Answer 8

A stimulus that unconditionally triggers a response

Question 9

Neutral Stimulus

Answer 9

Stimulus that doesn’t trigger any response by itself

Question 10

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 10

A stimulus that is associated with an unconditional stimulus and then triggers responses

Question 11

Conditioned response

Answer 11

Learned response to a previously neutral, but now conditioned, stimulus

Question 12

Acquisition

Answer 12

When one links a neutral stimulus with an unconditional stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response

Question 13

Higher-order conditioning

Answer 13

A process in which a conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second conditioned stimulus

Question 14

Extinction

Answer 14

The diminishing of a conditioned response

Question 15

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 15

The reappearance, after a pause, of a conditioned response

Question 16

Generalization

Answer 16

The tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses

Question 17

Discrimination

Answer 17

The learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditional stimulus

Question 18

Operant conditioning

Answer 18

A type of learning where behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or weakened if followed by a punishment

Question 19

Law of effect

Answer 19

Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely. Behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely

Question 20

Reinforcement

Answer 20

An event that strengthens the behavior it follows

Question 21

Primary reinforcers

Answer 21

an innately reinforcing stimulus, like one that satisfies a biological need

Question 22

Secondary reinforcers

Answer 22

A reinforcer that we assign value to, or is associated with a primary reinforcer

Question 23

Positive punishment

Answer 23

administering a negative stimulus

Question 24

negative punishment

Answer 24

taking away a positive stimulus

Question 25

Observational learning

Answer 25

learning by observing others

Question 26

modeling

Answer 26

the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior