Unit 5 - States of Consciousness Flashcards
Consciousness
Awareness of self and the environment
Cognitive Neuroscience
The interdisciplinary study of the brain liked with cognition
Dual processing
The principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks
Selective Attention
The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
Inattentional Blindness
Failing to see visible objects when attention is directed elsewhere
Change Blindness
Failing to notice changes in the environment
Circadian Rhythm
A biological clock that regulates body rhythms such as temperature and sleep
REM Sleep
Rapid Eye Movement sleep, a sleeping stage during which vivid dreams occur
Alpha waves
Relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
Sleep
A periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness
Stage 1 sleep
The stage of sleep in which hypnogogic sensations (falling), hallucinations, and fleeting images occur
Stage 2 sleep
The stage of sleep in which you are 100% asleep, and sleep spindles occur
Stages 3 and 4 sleep
The stages of sleep in which delta waves occur, and it is hard to wake up from
Insomnia
Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
Narcolepsy
A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks
Sleep Apnea
A sleep disorder characterized by temporary lack of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
Night Terrors
A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified, occurs during stage 4 sleep
Dream
A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind
Manifest content
The remembered meaning of a dream
Latent content
The underlying meaning of a dream
Psychoactive drugs
A chemical substance that alters perception and moods
Tolerance
An increased reduction of the effect of a drug after continued use
Withdrawal
Discomfort/distress following a discontinued use of a drug
Physical dependence
A physiological need to use a drug
Addiction
Compulsive drug craving and use despite negative effects
Depressant
Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow bodily functions
Alcohol
A depressant that increases helpful/harmful tendencies, disrupts memory creation, reduces self control
Barbiturates
Drugs that depress the activity of the CNS, reducing anxiety but improving memory and judgement
Opiates
Depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
Stimulants
Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Amphetamines
Stimulants but with neural activiy
Methamphetamines
Stimulants but with the Central Nervous System
Nicotine
A drug that stimulates the CNS and releases neurotransmitters that calm anxiety, reduce pain sensitivity, diminish appetite, and boost alertness
Cocaine
A stimulant drug that depletes neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine
Ecstasy
A synthetic stimulant, physically destroys serotonin producing neurons
Hallucinogens
Drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
LSD
A powerful hallucinogen drug, AKA acid
Marijuana
Triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations
