Unit 6 - Social Psychology

Question 1

Social Psychologists

Answer 1

Study social influences that help explain behavior

Question 2

Attribution theory

Answer 2

The theory that behavior can be explained by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition

Question 3

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 3

The tendency of observers to underestimate the influence of situations and overestimate the influence of personal disposition when observing

Question 4

Self serving bias

Answer 4

The tendency to perceive oneself in an overly favorable manner

Question 5

Attitudes

Answer 5

Feelings that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events

Question 6

central route persuasion

Answer 6

Persuasion that involves systematic and logical thinking

Question 7

peripheral route persuasion

Answer 7

Persuasion that involves incidental cues such as attractiveness

Question 8

Foot in the Door phenomenon

Answer 8

The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

Question 9

Role

Answer 9

A set of explanations about a social position, defining how those in the position should behave

Question 10

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 10

The theory that we act to reduce discomfort when two thoughts are inconsistent about ourselves

Question 11

Conformity

Answer 11

Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard

Question 12

Normative Social influence

Answer 12

influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid dissaproval

Question 13

Informational Social Influence

Answer 13

Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept other’s opinions about reality

Question 14

Social Facilitation

Answer 14

Stronger performances in the presence of others

Question 15

Social Loafing

Answer 15

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort toward a goal when they’re in a group compared to when they are individually accountable

Question 16

Deindividuation

Answer 16

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonimity

Question 17

Group polarization

Answer 17

The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group

Question 18

Groupthink

Answer 18

The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision making group overrides appraisal of alternatives

Question 19

Prejudice

Answer 19

An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and it’s members

Question 20

Stereotypes

Answer 20

A generalized belief about a group of people

Question 21

Discrimination

Answer 21

Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and it’s members

Question 22

Ingroup

Answer 22

People that we share a common identity with

Question 23

Outgroup

Answer 23

People perceived as different from ourselves

Question 24

Ingroup Bias

Answer 24

Tendency to favor our own group over others

Question 25

Scapegoat Theory

Answer 25

The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Question 26

Other-race effect

Answer 26

The tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races

Question 27

Just-world phenomenon

Answer 27

The tendency for people to believe that the world is just

Question 28

Aggression

Answer 28

Any verbal/physical behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Question 29

Frustration-aggression principle

Answer 29

The principle that frustration creates anger, which can generate aggression

Question 30

Social script

Answer 30

A behavior, action, or consequence that is expected in a situation or environment

Question 31

Mere Exposure Effect

Answer 31

The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

Question 32

Passionate love

Answer 32

An aroused state of intense positive adsorption of someone else, kind of like infatuation

Question 33

Companionate Love

Answer 33

A deep, affectionate, long lasting love

Question 34

Equity

Answer 34

A condition where people in a relationship receive as much as they put in

Question 35

Self disclosure

Answer 35

Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

Question 36

Altruism

Answer 36

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 37

Bystander effect

Answer 37

The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to help if other bystanders are present - “diffusion of responsibility”

Question 38

Social Exchange Theory

Answer 38

The theory that social behavior is an exchange process

Question 39

Reciprocity norm

Answer 39

An expectation that people will help those who have helped them

Question 40

Social-responsibility norm

Answer 40

An expectation that people will help those dependent on them

Question 41

Conflict

Answer 41

A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Question 42

Social traps

Answer 42

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by pursuing self interests, become caught in a mutually destructive behavior

Question 43

Mirror image perceptions

Answer 43

Mutual views often held by conflicting people (I am good, they are very extremely completely absolutely undoubtedly one hundred percent totally bad in every way conceivable)

Question 44

GRIT strategy

Answer 44

Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-reduction

!announce recognition of mutual interests, propose conciliatory act, reciprocation, profit