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AP Psychology > Unit 7 - personality > Flashcards

Unit 7 - personality Flashcards

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1
Q

personality

A

An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

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2
Q

Free Association

A

A method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says anything that comes to their mind

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3
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts

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4
Q

Conscious

A

Awareness

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5
Q

Preconscious

A

In between conscious and unconscious, a place where unconscious thoughts can be retrieved into conscious awareness

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6
Q

Unconscious

A

A reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and memories

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7
Q

Id

A

A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives

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8
Q

Pleasure principle

A

Immediate gratification

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9
Q

Ego

A

a conscious part of personality that mediates demands of the id, superego, , and reality

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10
Q

Reality principle

A

Realistic, long term gratification

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11
Q

Superego

A

The part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards

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12
Q

Psychosexual stages

A

Childhood stages of development in which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on erogenous zones

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13
Q

Fixate

A

A lingering focus on earlier psychosexual stages in which there was conflict that wasn’t resolved

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14
Q

Defense Mechanisms

A

protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

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15
Q

Collective unconscious

A

A shared, inherited reservoir of memory collected from our species’ universal experiences

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16
Q

Projective tests

A

A personality test that has interpretive stimuli designed to reveal inner dynamics

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17
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A

A projective test where people make stories about a stimulus

18
Q

Rorschach Inkblot Test

A

Widely used projective test where people find images in blots of ink

19
Q

False consensus effect

A

The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors

20
Q

Terror Management Theory

A

One source of anxiety is the terror resulting from our awareness of vulnerability and death

21
Q

Humanism

A

People strive for self determination and self realization

22
Q

Self Actualization

A

The motivation to fulfill one’s potential

23
Q

Genuineness

A

Being open with their own feelings, transparent, self disclosing

24
Q

Acceptance

A

An attitude of value despite failures

25
Q

Unconditional Positive regard

A

Attitude of total acceptance towards someone else

26
Q

Empathy

A

Sharing and reflecting feelings and meanings

27
Q

Self concept

A

A collection of beliefs about oneself

28
Q

Traits

A

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act

29
Q

Personality inventories

A

A questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to test a wide range of feelings/behaviors

30
Q

Minnesota Multiphastic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A

A widely used personality test that uses scales to assess things like depressive tendencies, work attitudes, anger, etc

31
Q

Social - Cognitive perspective

A

Behavior is influenced by the interaction between people’s traits and their situations/social context

32
Q

Reciprocal Determinism

A

The interacting influences between behavior, environment, and internal cognition

33
Q

Personal control

A

The extent to which people view their control over the environment

34
Q

Internal locus of control

A

The perception that you control your own fate

35
Q

External locus of control

A

The perception that you don’t control your own fate

36
Q

Learned helplessness

A

The hopelessness and passive resignation someone learns when repeatedly faced with traumatic evens they have no control over

37
Q

Self

A

The center of our personality

38
Q

Spotlight effect

A

Overestimating how much others notice and evaluate our appearance, performance, and mistakes

39
Q

Self - esteem

A

One’s feelings of self worth

40
Q

Self - efficacy

A

One’s belief in their ability to do something

41
Q

Self serving bias

A

Our readiness to percieve ourselves favorably

42
Q

Narcissism

A

When a person has an inflated sense of self importance

AP Psychology (10 decks)

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