Unit IV Part B: Structural Notes Flashcards
What kinds of words end in -nen?
Only nominative singular words.
I know an American diplomat.
Tunnen amerikkalaisen diplomaatin.
He is an American diplomat.
Hän on amerikkalainen diplomaati.
What kind of car do you have?
Millainen auto sinulla on?
What kind of car do you like?
Millaisesta autosta pidat?
President kekkonen is famous.
Presidentti Kekkonen on kuuluisa.
I don’t know President Kekkonen.
En tunne presidentti Kekkosta.
“What kind of…” to nominative-genitive-paritive-illative
millainen, millaisen, millaista, millaiseen
“American” to nominative-genitive-partitive-illative
amerikkalainen, amerikkalaisen, amerikkalaista, amerikkalaiseen
How to form the past tense affirmative?
- Add -i before the personal ending of the present tense.
2. The 3rd-person singular (he, she) has no personal ending.
I live, I lived
Asun, Asuin
you live, you lived
Asut, Asuit
he, she lives , he, she lived
hän asuu, hän asui
What was your name again?
Mikä olikaan nimenne?
I waited for the elevator for ten minutes.
Odotin hissiä kymmenen minuuttia.
I already tasted the “cake-sandwich”.
Otin jo voileipäkakkua.
Everything tasted so good.
Kaikki maistui niin hyvältä.
What kind of changes occur in the stem of the word before -i is added?
- No change just add -i before the personal ending.
- Change in the last vowel of the stem. Verbs ending in -aa that have -a in the first syllable, verbs ending in -ta, -tä, and verbs that form past tense with -si.
- The last vowel is dropped. Verbs ending in -aa.
- The first vowel is dropped.
- If the stem ends in -i, the past tense is the same as present tense except in the 3rd-person.
- if the stem ends in -e, it is dropped.
to sleep
nukkua, nukun, nukuin
to live
asua, asun, asuin
to sit
istua, istun, istuin
to intend
aikoa, aion, aioin
to ask
kysyä, kysyn, kysyin
to ask
sanoa, sanon, sanoin