Unit I Part B: Structural Notes Flashcards
1
Q
I, you, he, she,
it, we, you, they
A
minä, sina, hän, hän
se, me, te, he or ne
2
Q
I
A
minä
3
Q
you
A
sinä
4
Q
he, she
A
hän
5
Q
it
A
se
6
Q
we
A
me
7
Q
You
A
te
8
Q
they
A
he, ne
9
Q
(colloquial) I, you
A
ma, sa
10
Q
(colloquial) I
A
ma
11
Q
(colloquial) you
A
sa
12
Q
I reside
A
minä asun
13
Q
you reside
A
sinä asut
14
Q
he resides, she resides
A
hän asuu
15
Q
we reside
A
me asumme
16
Q
You reside
A
te asutte
17
Q
they reside
A
he asuvat
18
Q
What are the present tense affirmatives for “reside” for all personal pronouns?
A
minä asun sinä asut hän asuu me asumme te asutte he asuvat
19
Q
What are the two groups of cases?
A
local and non-local
20
Q
what are the local cases?
A
inessive, elative, illative, adessive, ablative, and allative
21
Q
what are the non-local cases?
A
nominative, genitive, accusative, partitive, etc…
22
Q
which nominals appear in different cases?
A
nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and numerals
23
Q
what is the nominative case?
A
the basic word is in the nominative. It is the subject, actor, or name of something
24
Q
what is the genitive case?
A
it indicates posession
25
what is the acussative case?
it indicates that the nominative is the object or recipient of the action of the verb
26
what is the partitive case?
it indicates only a part of the object
27
what is the allative case?
it indicates "towards the surface of something" or "to the recipient of something"
28
to me
minulle
29
to you
sinulle
30
to him, to her
hänelle
31
to us
meille
32
to You
teille
33
to them
heille
34
What are the allative cases for all personal pronouns?
minulle, sinulle, hänelle, meille, teille, heille
35
(colloquial) to me
mulle
36
(colloquial) to you
sulle
37
What are the allative cases for the colloquial personal pronouns to me and to you?
mulle, sulle
38
how are you?
mitä sinulle, teille kuuluu?
39
I´m fine
minulle kuuluu hyvää
40
this is for him, this is for her
tämä on hänelle
41
who is this for?
kenelle tämä on?
42
this is for you
tämä on teille
43
what is the structure for using the allative case
add -lle to the end of a word
44
what is the structure for using "to have"?
add -lla/llä + on + nominative
45
I have
minulla on
46
you have
sinulla on
47
he has, she has
hänella on
48
we have
meillä on
49
You have
teillä on
50
they have
heillä on
51
what is the case structure for "don't have"?
add +lla/llä + ei ole + part
52
I don't have
minulla ei ole
53
you don't have
sinulla ei ole
54
he doesn't have, she doesn't have
hänella ei ole
55
we don't have
meillä ei ole
56
You don't have
teillä ei ole
57
they don't have
heillä ei ole
58
what is the case structure for the question for of have?
add +onko +lla/llä +nominative
59
do you have...?
onko sinulla...?
60
does he have, does she have?
onko hänellä...?
61
do You have...?
onko teillä...?
62
do they have...?
onko heillä...?
63
what is the case structure for "don't have?"?
add +eikö +lla/llä +ole +part
64
you don't have...?
eikö sinulla ole...?
65
he doesn't have, she doesn't have?
eikö hänellä ole...?
66
You don't have...?
eikö teillä ole...?
67
they don't have...?
eikö heillä ole...?
68
mine
minun
69
yours
sinun
70
his, hers
hänen
71
ours
meidän
72
Yours
teidän
73
theirs
heidän
74
what are all the possessive pronouns?
minun, sinun, hänen, meidän, teidän, heidän
75
whose?
kenen?
76
what are the endings for possessive words?
-ni, -si, -nsa/nsä, -mme, nne, nsa
77
my car
autoni
78
your car
autosi
79
his car, her car
autonsa/ä
80
our car
automme
81
Your car
autonne
82
their car
autonsa
83
I don't
minä en
84
you don't
sinä et
85
he doesn't, she doesn't
han ei
86
we don't
me emme
87
You don't
te ette
88
they don't
he eivät
89
not
ei
90
where is the placement of not (ei) in a sentence?
before the main verb
91
to be
olla
92
I am
minä olen
93
you are
sinä olet
94
he is, she is
hän on
95
we are
me olemme
96
You are
te olette
97
they are
he ovat
98
(col.) I am
mä on
99
(col.) you are
sä oot
100
(col.) he is, she is
se on
101
(col.) we are
me ollaan
102
(col.) You are
te ootte
103
(col.) they are
he on
104
I am not
minä en ole
105
you're not
sinä et ole
106
he is not, she is not
hän ei ole
107
we are not
me emme ole
108
You are not
te ette ole
109
they are not
he eivät ole
110
(col.) I'm not
mä en oo
111
(col.) you're not
sä et oo
112
(col.) he is not, she is not
se ei oo
113
(col.) we are not
me ei olla
114
(col.) You are not
te ette oo
115
(col.) they are not
ne ei oo
116
am I?
olenko minä?
117
are you?
oletko sinä?
118
is he? is she?
onko hän?
119
is it?
onko se?
120
are we?
olemmeko me?
121
are You?
oletteko te?
122
are they?
ovatko he? ovatko ne?
123
(col.) am I?
oonks mä?
124
(col.) are you?
ooksä, ootsä?
125
(col.) is he? is she? is it?
onkse?
126
(col.) are we?
ollaanks me?
127
(col.) are You?
ootteks te?
128
(col.) are they?
onks ne?
129
how is a "ko/kö" phrase formed?
verb + personal ending + ko/kö + subject
130
would you like to sit?
haluaisitteko isua?
131
wouldn't you like to sit?
ettekö haluaisi istua?
132
is Pekka coming to school?
tuleeko Pekka kouluun?
133
isn't Pekka coming to school?
eikö Pekka tule kouluun?
134
are we going home?
menemmekö kottin?
135
aren't we going home?
emmekö mene kotiin?
136
wouldn't you like?
haluaisitteko?
137
wouldn't?
ettekö?
138
coming...?
tuleeko?
139
isn't?
eikö...?
140
are we going...?
menemmekö...?
141
aren't we...?
emmekö...?
142
how is a negatie-question phrase formed?
negative verb + personal ending + kö + subject + main verb
143
we have...
meillä on...
144
we don't (have)
ei ole
145
yes they do
kyllä uskon
146
no i don't
en usko
147
yes they do
vielä
148
not any more
eivät enää
149
what words do you begin a question with?
with the words mikä, missä, miten, kuka...
150
what?
mikä?
151
where?
missä
152
how?
miten?
153
who?
kuka?
154
what are 3 ways to form a question?
1. begin with an interrogative word 2. add the ko/kö suffix 3. add ko/kö to the first word of the question
155
what is the word order in a sentence?
subject, verb, object
156
Tehän olette armeijassa, eikö niin?
you're in the military aren't you?
157
kiitos, siinähän se menee
not so bad, thanks
158
olethan
yes you are
159
what is the word order in ko/kö questions?
verb, subject, object
160
what is the word order in normal questions?
interrogative word, subject, verb, object
