UNIT IV: Digestive System

Question 1

Processes food so that it can be absorbed and used by the body’s cells.

Answer 1

Digestive system

Question 2

Responsible for food ingestion. digestion, absorption, and elimination of undigested remains from the body.

Answer 2

Digestive organs

Question 3

The digestive tract can be viewed as what?

Answer 3

A disassembly line in which food is carried from one stage of its broken-down process to the next muscular activity.

Question 4

What are the functions of the digestive system?

Answer 4

Ingestion
Secretion
Motility
Digestion
Absorption
Defecation

Question 5

A process that involves taking foods and liquids into the mouth.

Answer 5

Ingestion (eating)

Question 6

The cells within the walls of the Gi tract and accessor digestive organs secrete how much liquid into the lumen (interior space) of the tract per day?

Answer 6

7 liters

Question 7

What are the liquids that are secreted by the cells within the Gi tract and accessory digestive enzymes?

Answer 7

Water
Acid
Buffers
Enzymes

Question 8

The capability of the GI tract to mix and move material along its length

Answer 8

Motility

Question 9

In motility, the alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscles in the walls of the GI tract do what?

Answer 9

Mix food and secretions and move them toward the anus.

Question 10

The process of breaking down ingested food into small molecules that can be used by the body cells.

Answer 10

Digestion

Question 11

What are the two types of digestion?

Answer 11

Mechanical digestion

Chemical digestion

Question 12

The type of digestion where the teeth cut and grind down food before it is swallowed.

Answer 12

Mechanical digestion

Question 13

The type of digestion where molecules in food are split into smaller molecules by hydrolysis.

Answer 13

Chemical digestion

Question 14

The movement of the products of digestion from the lumen of the GI tract into blood or lymph

Answer 14

Absorption

Question 15

The process where materials that were not absorbed in the digestive tract leave the body through the anus

Answer 15

Defecation

Question 16

What materials are removed in defecation?

Answer 16

Wastes
Indigestible substances
Bacteria
Cells sloughed from the lining of the GI tract

Question 17

What are the two main groups of organs in the digestive system?

Answer 17

Alimentary canal

Accessory digestive organs

Question 18

Continuous, coiled, hollow tube that runs through the ventral cavity from stomach to anus

Answer 18

Alimentary canal / gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Question 19

What do the organs in the GI tract do?

Answer 19

Ingest
Digest
Absorb
Defecate

Question 20

Assists digestion in various ways

Answer 20

Accessory digestive systems

Question 21

What are the accessory digestive organs?

Answer 21

Teeth
Tongue
Several Large digestive organs

Question 22

What are the parts of the Alimentary canal?

Answer 22

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Anus

Question 23

Mucous membrane-lined cavity

Answer 23

Mouth (oral or buccal cavity)

Question 24

What is the mouth formed by?

Answer 24

Cheeks
Hard palate
Soft Palate
Tongue

Question 25

Form the lateral walls of the mouth / oral cavity. | Covered externally with skin and internally with mucous membrane

Answer 25

Cheeks

Question 26

Fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth. Contain orbicularis oris muscle Covered externally with skin and internally with mucous membrane

Answer 26

Lips

Question 27

A midline fold of mucous membrane where the inner surface of each lip is attached to its corresponding gum

Answer 27

Labial frenulum

Question 28

What helps keep food between the upper and lower teeth during chewing?

Answer 28

Contraction of the buccinator muscles in the cheek and orbicularis muscle in the lips

Question 29

The space bounded externally by the cheeks and lips and internally by the gums and teeth.

Answer 29

Oral vestibule ( = entrance to the canal)

Question 30

The space that extends from the gums and teeth to the fauces

Answer 30

Oral cavity proper

Question 31

The opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx (throat)

Answer 31

Fauces

Question 32

A wall or septum that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. Forms the roof of the mouth

Answer 32

Palate

Question 33

What does the palate allow us to do

Answer 33

The palate allows you to chew and breathe at the same time.

Question 34

The anterior portion of the roof of the mouth | Formed by the maxillae and palatine bones and is covered by a mucous membrane

Answer 34

Hard palate

Question 35

Forms the posterior portion of the roof of the mouth | An arch-shaped muscular partition between the oropharynx and nasopharynx

Answer 35

Soft palate

Question 36

A fingerlike muscular structure that hangs from the free border of the soft palate

Answer 36

Uvula

Question 37

During swallowing, the soft palate and uvula are drawn superiorly, which results to what?

Answer 37

Closes off the nasopharynx and prevents swallowed foods and liquids from entering the nasal cavity.