Unit ED3: Control Strategies for Environmental Risk. Flashcards
List the 3 Procedural strategies
- legislative strategy
- fiscal strategy
- policy strategy
What is Legislative strategies
Some control strategies may be specifically imposed by legislation, others through more
general legislation or as part of EU and UK Government policy.
What is Fiscal strategies
Fiscal strategies, including levies and taxes are frequently used as a control strategy. Examples
of this include Climate Change Levy, Landfill Tax and Fuel Tax
What is policy strategies
Companies may also impose control strategies in the form of an Environmental Policy. These policies should be backed up by Management systems, appropriate control procedures and associated information and training
What is Physical (engineering) strategies
In the same way that physical controls can reduce the risk to operators and others in the field of health and safety, so can they be used to protect the environment
What is Human Factors strategies
Information, instruction, supervision and training are human strategies for controlling risk. Providing adequate explanations is essential, saying why something should be done, rather than a straight instruction is usually the most successful.
List the 3 Practical Measures for Risk Control
- Elimination
- Substitution
- reduction
Explain the Elimination control measure
Is where the substance used or the process can be stopped, shut down or an alternative, less hazardous process substituted
Explain the Substitution control strategy
Is where a less harmful substance is used and requires an awareness of potential conflicts between health and safety and the environment when carrying it out.
Explain the Reduction control strategy
Emissions and changes to the process may be possible by making adjustments and using the same substance, but in smaller quantities.
List the parts of the waste hierarchy
- prevention
- preparing for re-use
- recycling
- other recovery
- disposal
Explain prevention in the waste hierarchy
- Using less material in design and
manufacture - keeping products for longer
- using less hazardous material
Explain re-use in the waste hierarchy
- checking
- cleaning
- repair
- refurbishing
Whole it ms or spare parts
Explain re-cycling in the waste hierarchy
Turning waste into new substances
Explain other recovery in the waste hierarchy
- Including anaerobic digestion
- incineration with energy recovery
- gasification and pyrolysis
- materials from waste
Explain disposal in the waste hierarchy
- landfill
- incineration without energy recovery
What is Best Practicable Environmental Option.
The BPEO procedure establishes, for a given set of objectives, the option that provides the most benefits or the least damage to the environment, as a whole, at acceptable cost, in the long term as well as in the short term.”
BPEO involves
BPEO involves the analysis of alternatives. The preferred option is that which minimises harm to the environment as a whole, taking account of what is affordable and practicable
In order to successfully obtain an installation permit under the Environmental Permitting
Regulations 2016, operators have to show that:
- Their proposals represent the Best Available Techniques (BAT) to prevent and
minimise pollution from the organisation. - No significant pollution is caused.
Definition of best
- means, in relation to techniques, the most effective in achieving a high general level
of protection of the environment as a whole.
-
Definition of available
means those techniques which have been developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions. This takes into consideration the cost and advantages.
Definition of techniques
includes both the technology used and the way in which the installation is
designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned.
The methodology involves six stages to assess BAT:
- Define the objective of the assessment and the options for pollution control.
- Quantify the emissions from each output.
- Quantify the environmental impacts of each option.
- Compare options and rank them in the order of the lowest environmental impact.
- Evaluate the costs to implement each option.
- Identify the option which represents the best available technique, taking costs and
benefits into account.
List the 7 clauses of BS EN ISO 14000 Series
- Context of the organisation.
- Leadership
- Planning
- Support
- Operation
- Performance evaluation.
- Improvement
What is ISO 14001?
ISO 14001 provides an organisation’s management with a structured framework for identifying,
evaluating, managing and improving its environmental performance
What is the Definition of an EMS
Part of an organisation’s management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects’.
This standard specifies the requirements for an environmental management system (EMS) against which an organisation may be certified by a third party. This includes:
- The development of an environmental policy
- Identification of environmental aspects.
- Establishment of relevant legal and regulatory requirements.
- Development of environmental objectives and targets.
- Implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS) including training, documentation, operational control and emergency preparedness and response.
- Monitoring and measurement of operational activities, including record keeping. 7). EMS audit procedures.
- Management review of an EMS to determine its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.
What is an Environmental policy
The policy sets the overall EMS intentions of the organisation and contains a commitment to prevention of pollution and to continuous improvement.
The policy must be:
- Appropriate to nature, scale and environmental impacts of the organisation
- Related to activities, products and services.
- Commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution.
- Compliance with laws, regulations and other subscribed-to requirements.
- Framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives and targets.
- Documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all employees.
- Made available to the public.
List the cycle for an EMS
- policy
- planning
- implementation and operation
- checking
- management review
What is The Benefits of Environmental Management Standards.
Benefits include:
- Operational
- Marketing
- financial
- regulatory
What is the Disadvantages of EMS
- Preparation and implementation of EMS - costs, time
- Ongoing administration of EMS e.g auditing
List the benefits of SHEQ Systems Integration
- cost saving
- An IMS offers the prospect of more rewarding career opportunities for specialists in each discipline.
- The objectives and processes of management systems are essentially the same
List the case against SHEQ Systems Integration
- That the existing systems may simply work well.
- may threaten the coherence and consistency of current
arrangements that have the support of everyone involved. - customer requirements
- An IMS could become over-centralised and over-complex without the capacity to give sufficient consideration of local needs and constraints.
- System requirements may vary across the topics covered
What is EMAS
The Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is a voluntary initiative designed to improve organisations’ environmental performance
What is the aim of EMAS
The overall aim of EMAS is to recognise and reward those organisations that go beyond minimum legal compliance and continually improve their environmental performance.
What are the Requirements for EMAS
- implement an EMS that meets the requirements of ISO 14001.
- They comply with legal requirements as a minimum and demonstrate the ability to do so on an ongoing basis.
- The organisation’s environmental performance improves over time.
- Dialogue takes place with interested parties over their environmental performance, and they
publish a publicly available environmental statement - Employees are involved in the process of continual improvement of environmental
performance.
