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NEBOSH Environmental Diploma > Unit ED3: Control Strategies for Environmental Risk. > Flashcards

Unit ED3: Control Strategies for Environmental Risk. Flashcards

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1
Q

List the 3 Procedural strategies

A
  • legislative strategy
  • fiscal strategy
  • policy strategy
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2
Q

What is Legislative strategies

A

Some control strategies may be specifically imposed by legislation, others through more
general legislation or as part of EU and UK Government policy.

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3
Q

What is Fiscal strategies

A

Fiscal strategies, including levies and taxes are frequently used as a control strategy. Examples
of this include Climate Change Levy, Landfill Tax and Fuel Tax

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4
Q

What is policy strategies

A

Companies may also impose control strategies in the form of an Environmental Policy. These policies should be backed up by Management systems, appropriate control procedures and associated information and training

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5
Q

What is Physical (engineering) strategies

A

In the same way that physical controls can reduce the risk to operators and others in the field of health and safety, so can they be used to protect the environment

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6
Q

What is Human Factors strategies

A

Information, instruction, supervision and training are human strategies for controlling risk. Providing adequate explanations is essential, saying why something should be done, rather than a straight instruction is usually the most successful.

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7
Q

List the 3 Practical Measures for Risk Control

A
  • Elimination
  • Substitution
  • reduction
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8
Q

Explain the Elimination control measure

A

Is where the substance used or the process can be stopped, shut down or an alternative, less hazardous process substituted

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9
Q

Explain the Substitution control strategy

A

Is where a less harmful substance is used and requires an awareness of potential conflicts between health and safety and the environment when carrying it out.

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10
Q

Explain the Reduction control strategy

A

Emissions and changes to the process may be possible by making adjustments and using the same substance, but in smaller quantities.

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11
Q

List the parts of the waste hierarchy

A
  • prevention
  • preparing for re-use
  • recycling
  • other recovery
  • disposal
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12
Q

Explain prevention in the waste hierarchy

A
  • Using less material in design and
    manufacture
  • keeping products for longer
  • using less hazardous material
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13
Q

Explain re-use in the waste hierarchy

A
  • checking
  • cleaning
  • repair
  • refurbishing
    Whole it ms or spare parts
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14
Q

Explain re-cycling in the waste hierarchy

A

Turning waste into new substances

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15
Q

Explain other recovery in the waste hierarchy

A
  • Including anaerobic digestion
  • incineration with energy recovery
  • gasification and pyrolysis
  • materials from waste
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16
Q

Explain disposal in the waste hierarchy

A
  • landfill

- incineration without energy recovery

17
Q

What is Best Practicable Environmental Option.

A

The BPEO procedure establishes, for a given set of objectives, the option that provides the most benefits or the least damage to the environment, as a whole, at acceptable cost, in the long term as well as in the short term.”

18
Q

BPEO involves

A

BPEO involves the analysis of alternatives. The preferred option is that which minimises harm to the environment as a whole, taking account of what is affordable and practicable

19
Q

In order to successfully obtain an installation permit under the Environmental Permitting
Regulations 2016, operators have to show that:

A
  • Their proposals represent the Best Available Techniques (BAT) to prevent and
    minimise pollution from the organisation.
  • No significant pollution is caused.
20
Q

Definition of best

A
  • means, in relation to techniques, the most effective in achieving a high general level
    of protection of the environment as a whole.
    -
21
Q

Definition of available

A

means those techniques which have been developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions. This takes into consideration the cost and advantages.

22
Q

Definition of techniques

A

includes both the technology used and the way in which the installation is
designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned.

23
Q

The methodology involves six stages to assess BAT:

A
  • Define the objective of the assessment and the options for pollution control.
  • Quantify the emissions from each output.
  • Quantify the environmental impacts of each option.
  • Compare options and rank them in the order of the lowest environmental impact.
  • Evaluate the costs to implement each option.
  • Identify the option which represents the best available technique, taking costs and
    benefits into account.
24
Q

List the 7 clauses of BS EN ISO 14000 Series

A
  • Context of the organisation.
  • Leadership
  • Planning
  • Support
  • Operation
  • Performance evaluation.
  • Improvement
25
Q

What is ISO 14001?

A

ISO 14001 provides an organisation’s management with a structured framework for identifying,
evaluating, managing and improving its environmental performance

26
Q

What is the Definition of an EMS

A

Part of an organisation’s management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects’.

27
Q

This standard specifies the requirements for an environmental management system (EMS) against which an organisation may be certified by a third party. This includes:

A
  • The development of an environmental policy
  • Identification of environmental aspects.
  • Establishment of relevant legal and regulatory requirements.
  • Development of environmental objectives and targets.
  • Implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS) including training, documentation, operational control and emergency preparedness and response.
  • Monitoring and measurement of operational activities, including record keeping. 7). EMS audit procedures.
  • Management review of an EMS to determine its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.
28
Q

What is an Environmental policy

A

The policy sets the overall EMS intentions of the organisation and contains a commitment to prevention of pollution and to continuous improvement.

29
Q

The policy must be:

A
  • Appropriate to nature, scale and environmental impacts of the organisation
  • Related to activities, products and services.
  • Commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution.
  • Compliance with laws, regulations and other subscribed-to requirements.
  • Framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives and targets.
  • Documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all employees.
  • Made available to the public.
30
Q

List the cycle for an EMS

A
  • policy
  • planning
  • implementation and operation
  • checking
  • management review
31
Q

What is The Benefits of Environmental Management Standards.

A

Benefits include:

  • Operational
  • Marketing
  • financial
  • regulatory
32
Q

What is the Disadvantages of EMS

A
  • Preparation and implementation of EMS - costs, time

- Ongoing administration of EMS e.g auditing

33
Q

List the benefits of SHEQ Systems Integration

A
  • cost saving
  • An IMS offers the prospect of more rewarding career opportunities for specialists in each discipline.
  • The objectives and processes of management systems are essentially the same
34
Q

List the case against SHEQ Systems Integration

A
  • That the existing systems may simply work well.
  • may threaten the coherence and consistency of current
    arrangements that have the support of everyone involved.
  • customer requirements
  • An IMS could become over-centralised and over-complex without the capacity to give sufficient consideration of local needs and constraints.
  • System requirements may vary across the topics covered
35
Q

What is EMAS

A

The Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is a voluntary initiative designed to improve organisations’ environmental performance

36
Q

What is the aim of EMAS

A

The overall aim of EMAS is to recognise and reward those organisations that go beyond minimum legal compliance and continually improve their environmental performance.

37
Q

What are the Requirements for EMAS

A
  • implement an EMS that meets the requirements of ISO 14001.
  • They comply with legal requirements as a minimum and demonstrate the ability to do so on an ongoing basis.
  • The organisation’s environmental performance improves over time.
  • Dialogue takes place with interested parties over their environmental performance, and they
    publish a publicly available environmental statement
  • Employees are involved in the process of continual improvement of environmental
    performance.

NEBOSH Environmental Diploma (14 decks)

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