Unit B: section 2.0 Flashcards
What age did the first chemists live in?
The stone age
What was the very first known age?
the stone age
Around what year was the stone age?
8000 BC
Describe the stone age
-Metals had not yet been discovered -Learned to control fire to make mud bricks, cook, and make tougher tools.
What did the ability to control fire lead to?
production of glass and ceramic material
What was the second age?
The metal age
When did the metal age take place?
Between 6000 and 1000 BC
Describe the metal age?
Scientists investigated metals with a higher value such as gold and copper.
Why were scientists attracted to gold and copper?
Because of its luster and it didn’t tarnish. It was also easy to shape because of its softness
What was a downside to gold?
It could not be used for weapons because it was too soft
Why was copper valuable?
Because it could be used to make pots, coins, tools, and jewelry.
What metal when heated becomes very useful but when untreated is very useless?
Copper
What is bronze?
A material created when tin and copper are heated together.
When did experimenting with copper begin?
About 4500 BC
What is the third age?
The iron age
What year was the iron age?
1200 BC
How did the iron age begin?
The hittites learned how to extract iron from rocks
How was steel created?
People learned to combine iron and carbon
What was made with steel?
Sharper and stronger blades
Where does the word chemistry come from?
The greek word ‘khemia’ meaning juice of a plant
Who used the word ‘atomos’ to describe the smallest particles?
Greek philosipher Democritus
What did Democritus believe about atomos?
He believed that everything was made of atomos and each atomos had different properties and when you mixed them you could create new materials with different properties
What did Aristole believe?
That everything was made of earth, fire, water, and air
What are alchemists?
People who were part scientists, part magicians.
