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NEBOSH Unit IA > Unit A3 > Flashcards

Unit A3 Flashcards

1
Q

Reviews will need to examine

A

The operation and maintenance of the system as designed

The design, development and installation of the health and safety management system in changing
circumstances.

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2
Q

List the different levels that reviews should take place in an organization

A
  • By first-line supervisors or other managers to remedy failures to implement workplace precautions which they observe in the course of routine activities
  • To remedy sub-standard performance identified by active and reactive monitoring
  • To the assessment of plans at individual, departmental, site, group or organisational level
  • To the results of audits
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3
Q

Review plans may include

A
  • Monthly reviews of individuals, supervisors or sections
  • Three-monthly reviews of departments
  • Annual reviews of sites or of the organisation as a whole
  • Organisations should decide on the frequency of the reviews at each level and devise reviewing activities to suit the measuring and auditing activities
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4
Q

Key performance indicators for reviewing overall performance can include:

A
  • Assessment of the degree of compliance with health and safety system requirements
  • Assessment of the achievement of specific objectives and plans
  • Accident, ill-health and incident data accompanied by analysis of both the immediate and underlying causes, trends and common features
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5
Q

Why do we have Monitoring Systems in OHS

A

Organisations need to measure what they are doing to implement their health and safety policy, to assess how effectively they are controlling risks and how well they are developing a positive health and safety
culture

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6
Q

What are the two systems required for monitoring

A
  • active

- reactive

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7
Q

What is active monitoring

A

Active systems which monitor the design, development, installation and operation of management arrangements, Risk Control Systems and workplace precautions

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8
Q

What is reactive monitoring

A

Reactive systems which monitor accidents, ill-health, incidents and other evidence of deficient health and safety performance

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9
Q

What is the objectives of active monitoring

A
  • Active monitoring gives an organisation feedback on its performance before an accident, incident or ill-health
  • It includes monitoring the achievement of specific plans and objectives, the operation of the health and safety management system, and compliance with performance standards
  • Active monitoring measures success and reinforces positive achievement by
    rewarding good work, rather than penalising failure after the event
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10
Q

The various forms and levels of active monitoring include

A
  • results of hygiene surveys
  • results of audits
  • outcomes of safety inspections
  • number of actions outstanding
  • health surveillance data and records
  • OHS training records
  • levels of maintenance carried out
  • budget resources for OHS
  • progress in meeting travers
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11
Q

What is performance standards

A

Performance

standards are needed to identify the contribution that people make to operating the health and safety management system

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12
Q

Standards for people at all levels are needed to ensure

A

The effective design, development and installation of the health and safety management system

The consistent implementation and improvement of the health and safety management system, i.e.
the management arrangements, Risk Control Systems and workplace precautions

That positive rewards can be provided for individuals in recognition of the effort put into accident and ill-health prevention

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13
Q

Performance standards could cover the following:

A
  • Policy formulation and development
  • Methods of accountability
  • Health and safety committee and similar consultation meetings
  • Involvement of people in risk assessments and writing procedures
  • Collection and dissemination of information from external sources
  • The involvement of senior managers in safety tours and accident and incident investigations
  • Preparation of health and safety documentation, performance standards, rules and procedures
  • Health and safety plans and objectives
  • The risk assessment process
  • Implementation of RCSs and workplace precautions
  • The active monitoring arrangements including inspections
  • The accident and incident reporting and investigation system
  • Audit and review
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14
Q

What is reactive systems

A

Reactive systems which monitor accidents, ill-health, incidents and other evidence of deficient
health and safety performance

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15
Q

What are the types of reactive data

A
  • Numbers of accidents / incidents / absenteeism
  • Staff turnover / near misses / numbers of RIDDORs
  • Number of enforcement actions taken
  • Civil claims
  • Amount of property damage
  • Response to staff surveys
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16
Q

The use of such data (including ill-health data) is a valuable management tool that helps to:

A
  • Measure whether performance is improving or deteriorating using trend analysis
  • Make comparisons
  • Draw lessons from the data - epidemiological
  • analysis
17
Q

limitations on these data, which can be set out follows

A

-Accident data are the result of accidents that happened in the past, sometimes a considerable time
ago, so it can be said that they are not up-to-date

-Occupational diseases are quite rare because their long-term effects cannot be easily measured or recorded

18
Q

What is an audit?

A

Audit defined by HSE as follows:
‘The structured process of collecting independent information on the efficiency, effectiveness and reliability
of the total safety management system and drawing up plans for corrective action

19
Q

The key elements of any such audit should ensure the following

A

-It measures performance against the guidance of the Health and Safety Executive
- The results provided are quantitative to facilitate benchmarking
-It encourages progressive improvements in health and safety
-It is universal in application
-It embodies the principles of risk management which have formed the basis of legislation and
therefore tests compliance.
-It follows the principles of auditing set down in ISO 19011: 2002 for quality/environmental auditing

20
Q

List the three audit systems

A
  • CHASE
  • 5 star audit system
  • international safety rating system
21
Q

What are Workplace inspections?

A

Workplace inspections involve the examination of the workplace or items of equipment. The purpose is to
identify hazards and to determine whether or not they are being effectively controlled

22
Q

There are four different types of common workplace inspections

A
  • Preventive maintenance inspections of specific items carried out by maintenance workers
  • Pre use checks of equipment such as vehicles, access equipment and forklift trucks carried out by the user
  • General workplace inspections - carried out by local first-line managers and worker representatives
  • Statutory inspections which involve thorough examination of equipment such as lifting equipment and boilers, carried out by a specialist competent person
23
Q

What is a safety tour

A

A safety tour is an unscheduled examination of a work area. The examination is often carried out by a manager, who is usually accompanied by a member of the health and safety committee. The purpose of the tour is to determine whether control measures are being observed and maintained i.e. fire exits kept
clear, good housekeeping being observed

24
Q

Key elements of a safety tour are as follows

A

-You do not have to devote a lot of time to the safety tour, and you do not have to conduct a complete tour of an area
-If you know of some places that are trouble spots, concentrate on them first
-Sample one or more parts of an area where you can observe staff work practices and conditions
quickly and effectively
-For geographically diverse locations, it may be wiser to cover multiple locations on the same day, spending a day a quarter for the tours
-You need to develop your own system; in fact, you will only get results if you tailor your approach to safety tours and adhere to it even when other business pressures suggest different priorities
-Letting safety tours lapse sends signals that other things are more important than safety. Therefore, plan your safety tours in good time and stick to the commitment you have made

25
Q

What is safety sampling

A

This method or technique is used to measure (by random sample) the potential for accidents and incidents
in a specific area or place by identifying hazards and risks in situations

26
Q

What is a safety survey

A

A safety survey is a detailed examination of a specific area of the organisation in health and safety terms.
For example, stress in the workplace

27
Q

What is OHS benchmarking

A

Health and Safety benchmarking is a planned process by which an organisation compares its
health and safety processes and performance with others

28
Q

Health and Safety benchmarking is a planned process by which an organisation compares its
health and safety processes and performance with others to learn how to:

A
  • Reduce accidents and ill-health
  • Improve compliance with health and safety law
  • Cut compliance costs
29
Q

There are five steps top benchmarking

A 
- Step 1.
Decide what to benchmark
-Step 2.
Analyse where you are
-Step 3.
Selecting partners
-Step 4.
Working with your partner
-Step 5.
Acting on the lessons learned
30
Q

Why must Current Management Systems be reviewed

A

Management systems must be reviewed to ensure they are current and effective for their intended purpose.

NEBOSH Unit IA (7 decks)

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