Unit 8: Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Abnormal Behavior
Any behavior that is outside societal norms, could include behavior that causes harm to self or others
Abnormal Behavior Types
-Biological: Problems with brain function, genetic predisposition
-Psychoanalytic: Unconscious, unresolved conflict
-Cognitive: Faulty thinking
-Humanistic: Blocked personal growth
-Evolutionary: Exaggerated form on adaptive reaction
-Behavioral: Inappropriate conditioning or modeling
-Sociocultural: Problems reflect cultural values, and beliefs
-Humanistic existentialism: Feelings of worthlessness, poor self-view, lack of freewill/identity
-Psychodynamic: Childhood experiences and repressed feelings
Exorcism
Series of rituals to cast out spirits, demons, or supernatural forces
Asylums
created in 17th century, unhumanistic ways of treatment, contains abnormal/Psychological disorders people
Treatments
Electroconclusive Therapy: (ECT) 1930s, sends shocks into brain, rewriting brain chemistry
Lobotomy: Ice pick-type instrument inserted in corner of eye, wiggled around, meant to sever nerves resulting in diminished emotions, banned in 1972
Hydrotherapy: Ice bath/showers, hot/cold water to change patient behavior/mood
Confinement: Put in confinement (Cage, room, Utica crib) for safety or when absolutely necessary
Convulsion Therapy: Induce seizures to rid problem, huge risk
DSM-5
Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder
-Developed standards to identify abnormal behavior
Mental Illness
Occurs when psychological disorders impact your mental and emotional state, resulting in abnormal behavior that negatively impacts your daily life
Classification of Disorders
-Neurodevelopmental: When physiological development of brain is impacted
-Schizophrenial and Psychotic Disorder: Cause erratic behavior and hallucinations/delusions
-Mood:Extreme abnormal types of mood (Depression/Mania) heightened state of activity
-Anxiety: Excessive worry/concern, related to phobia, elevated sympathetic nervous system
-Personality: Abnormal behavior, thinking, functioning, with impact on relationships
-Developmental: Impair child’s cognitive/behavioral development (ADHD)
-Somatoform: Physical illness/injury with psychological origin
-Fictitious: When feigns illness for care and attention
-Dissociate: Take mental leave of present self to disconnect from trauma experience
-Sexual/Gender Dysphoria: Extreme distress related to sexuality
-Eating: Intake of food impacted by mental characterization of and relationship with food
-Sleep:Inability to maintain healthy sleep hygiene; impairs physiology/healthy functioning
-Impulse Control: Cannot regulate urges to engage in compulsive behavior
-Adjustment: Struggle with change, react in heightened states
Schizophrenia
Alters person reality; delusions (belief something is true of happening that is not real) and hallucinations (seeing something that is not real)
Depression
Mood disorder, persistent sadness, negative self thoughts, lack of interest in most things, 10 times more likely to get if family member suffers
Anxiety Disorder
Racing thoughts, obsessive thinking, worrying, struggling to relax struggle to make decision and let go of disappointments
Anxiety Disorder
Racing thoughts, obsessive thinking, worrying, struggling to relax struggle to make decision and let go of disappointments
Personality Disorder
Disrupt Relationships, inflexible and unhealthy thinking/behavior struggle to take on other perspectives
Comorbidity
Two disorders occurring at same time, more difficult to find problem
Pharmacology
Medications or drug therapy, Create biological changes to prevent symptoms
Psychosurgery
Used for obsessive-compulsive disorders, target specific areas of brain to eliminate the behavior that area is responsible for
ECT (Elctroconculsive therapy)
Electric shocks to change brains chemistry
Neurofeedback
Uses electroencephalogram to view persons brain activity, individual plays certain game to work certain brainwaves, feedback gives reward
Treatment by age
Children: Drug therapy and Psychotherapy are most common, helping control and express emotions is the best for kids
Teen: Psychotherapy & Medication + social support programs
Adulthood: Any bio-medical treatment and more in patient treatment
How to improve treatment
-Compliance
-Social Support
-Health lifestyles
-Ask for help
-Take a break
Psychotherapy
Treatment uses a psychological approach rather than a medical one
Therapeutic Treatments
Psychoanalytic: explores unconscious mind and childhood experiences (Freud)
Client Centered: Humanistic psychology, therapist is a guide in patient led therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral: Behaviorism and cognitive psychology where thinking is changed
Dialect Behavioral: Mindfulness/meditation for personality disorders and suicidality
Family: Uses family dynamics to help each individual and work toward a healthy family system
Integrative/Holistic: Focus on whole person, uses most effective therapy in a mix
Animal Assisted: When animals are used to mitigate symptoms and provide coping tools
Art and Music therapy: Centers on using art + music to express and work through difficult feelings and emotions
Group Therapy: Individuals meet as a group to discuss challenges and solutions
Psychiatrist
Medical doctor who specializes in Psychological disorders and mental health, can prescribe medication
Psychologists
An individual who studies and practices psychology, doctorate-level practitioners, can’t prescribe medication
Cause of Mental Illness
Biological components triggered through the environment
Stigma
When shame is felt or put on an individual due to circumstances or situations (diagnosis)
Helping Organizations
National Alliance for Mental Illness:
Education and advocacy for individuals of those suffering from psychological disorder
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration:
Decrease impact of mental illness and substance abuse via public health
National Suicide Prevention Hotline:
Provides individuals with crisis support and direct them to beneficial resources
